312 research outputs found
Association of Polymorphisms in the Interleukin 6 Receptor Complex with Obesity and Hyperandrogenism
10 pages, 5 tables.Objective: Interleukin-6 (IL-6), is an inflammatory cytokine that may influence the pathogenesis of obesity and hyperandrogenism. IL-6 exerts its actions through a heterodimeric receptor consisting of two membrane-bound glycoproteins: an 80-kDa IL-6 binding unit (IL6R-alpha) and a 130-kDa IL-6 signal transducer (gp130). Genetic variability at these loci might contribute to explain the development of obesity and hyperandrogenism.
Research Methods and Procedures: We have evaluated the possible association of several polymorphisms in the IL6R-alpha and gp130 genes with obesity and/or hyperandrogenism in a case-control study involving 143 hyperandrogenic patients and 45 healthy women from Spain.
Results: A microsatellite CA-repeat polymorphism in the IL6R-alpha locus was associated with obesity. The frequency of the common 149-bp allele was markedly increased in obese women compared with controls when considering patients and controls as a whole (0.41 vs. 0.29, chi2 = 17.085, p < 0.050). On the other hand, the uncommon Arg148 allele of the Gly148Arg polymorphism in the gp130 gene was more frequent in controls compared with hyperandrogenic patients (0.17 vs. 0.08, chi2 = 5.605, p = 0.026). Controls carrying Arg148 alleles had lower 11-deoxycortisol and 17-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations, a lower response of androstenedione to 1–24 adrenocorticotropin, and an almost significant decrease in free testosterone levels, suggesting that Arg148 alleles in the gp130 gene have a protective effect against androgen excess and adrenal hyperactivity.
Discussion: Polymorphisms in the gp130 and IL6R-alpha loci influence hyperandrogenism and obesity, respectively. Our present results further suggest that proinflammatory genotypes are involved in the pathogenesis of these common metabolic disorders.This work was supported by grants from the ConsejerÃa
de Educación, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain (Proyectos
08.6/0022/1998, 08.6/0024.2/2000, and 08.6/0010/2001),
and from the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Ministerio
de Sanidad y Consumo, Spain (Proyectos FIS 00/0414 and
02/0741 to H.F.E.-M.Peer reviewe
Association of the polycystic ovary syndrome with genomic variants related to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity
7 pages, 2 tables.-- Results from this work were presented at the 85th Annual Meeting
of The Endocrine Society, Philadelphia, PA, June 2003.We have evaluated the possible association of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with 15 genomic variants previously described to influence insulin resistance, obesity, and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Seventy-two PCOS patients and 42 healthy controls were genotyped for 15 variants in the genes encoding for paraoxonase (three variants), plasma cell differentiation antigen glycoprotein, human sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (two variants), adiponectin (two variants), IGF1, IGF2, IGF1 receptor, and IGF2 receptor. Compared with controls, PCOS patients were more frequently homozygous for the -108T variant in paraoxonase (36.6% vs. 9.5%; P = 0.002) and homozygous for G alleles of the ApaI variant in IGF2 (62.9% vs. 38.1%; P = 0.018). Paraoxonase is a serum antioxidant enzyme and, because -108T alleles result in decreased paraoxonase expression, this increase in oxidative stress might result in insulin resistance. G alleles of the ApaI variant in IGF2 may increase IGF2 expression, and IGF2 stimulates adrenal and ovarian androgen secretion. In conclusion, the paraoxonase -108 C-->T variant and the ApaI polymorphism in the IGF2 gene are associated with PCOS and might contribute to increased oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism in this prevalent disorder.This work was supported by grants from the Fondo de Investigación
Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo,
Spain (FIS 00/0414, 02/0741, and 02/0578 and RGDM G03/212) and from the ConsejerÃa de Educación, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
(CAM 08.6/0024/2000 and 08.6/0010/2001).Peer reviewe
La laminoartrectomÃa en el tratamiento de la estenosis de canal lumbar
Los autores presentan una revisión de 42 pacientes, 33 varones y 9 mujeres,
con estenosis del canal lumbar, tratados quirúrgicamente y con un seguimiento medio de 3
años y 8 meses. El tratamiento quirúrgico empleado ha sido la laminoartrectomÃa a uno o varios
niveles, combinada o no con artrodesis. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en los pacientes
tratados con laminoartrectomÃa, artrodesis e instrumentación vertebral.The authors present a review of 42 patients, 33 male and 9 female, with lumbar
spinal canal stenosis, treated surgically and with a mean follow-up of 3 years-8 months.
The surgical treatment was wide laminoarthrectomy involving one o more levels, combined
in some cases with spinal fusion. The best results were obtained in patients treated with laminoarthrectomy,
arthrodesis and vertebral instrumentation
Evaluación y comparación de dos sistemas de predicción meteorológica en las costas mediterráneas de la PenÃnsula Ibérica
Ponencia presentada en: XXIX Jornadas CientÃficas de la AME y el VII Encuentro Hispano Luso de MeteorologÃa celebrado en Pamplona, del 24 al 26 de abril de 2006.Este proyecto ha sido financiado por la Comisión Europea, proyecto FUMAPEX – EVK4-CT-2002-00097; y por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, REN2002-10681-E/CLI
Deformidad vertebral y mielomeningocele: actitud terapéutica y resultados
Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la deformidad
vertebral relacionada con el mielomeningocele entre los años 1972 y 1995. En ese
perÃodo un total de 48 pacientes fueron intervenidos. Se han evaluado las condiciones generales
previas, el estado prequirúrgico, las diversas modalidades de instrumentación y
el resultado de las mismas, asà como el tipo y número de complicaciones. Durante el perÃodo
posquirúrgico inmediato hemos encontrado un porcentaje de infecciones del 68%.
Sin embargo, el resultado final, tanto del equilibrio pélvico como del vertebral conseguido,
no estuvo influenciado significativamente por esta complicación. El tipo de patologÃa,
las complicaciones generales derivadas de la misma, el tiempo quirúrgico empleado y las
pérdidas sanguÃneas, son condiciones estrechamente relacionadas con el número de infecciones
encontradas.We present our experience on the surgical treatment of myelomeningocelelinked
vertebral deformity between 1972 and 1995. We evaluated the previous general
condition, the presurgical status, the instrument modalities and their outcome, as well as
the type and number of complications in a series of 48 patients. During the immediate
postoperative period, we found a 68% infection rate. However, the end result for pelvic as
well as vertebral balance was not influenced significantly by this complication. The number
of infections found is closely linked to the specific pathology, the complications, duration
of operation, and blood loss
Glauconite and phosphate peloids in Mesozoic carbonate sediments (eastern Subbetic Zone, Betic Cordilleras, SE Spain)
13 páginas, 4 figuras, 3 tablas.Glauconite and Ca phosphate peloids occur in Jurassic and Cretaceous bioclastic carbonate rocks from pelagic swell sequences of the Algayat-Crevillente Unit (Subbetic Zone). The size and morphology of the peloids are controlled by the bioclasts. The glauconite in both stratigraphic positions is K rich (>0.69 atoms p.f.u.) and shows well-defined 10 Aa lattice fringes. Poorly crystalline areas with a composition of Fe-smectite are found within the peloids, indicating the nature of the glauconitic precursor. This precursor would be formed in the shielded microenvironments of the bioclast and later transformed to glauconite by equilibration of peloids with sea water that culminated with the crystallization of a phosphatic phase. The greater presence of smectite areas in the Jurassic peloids and the lower K contents (0.69-0.81) of these glauconites, compared with the Cretaceous glauconites (0.81-0.89) can be explained by the calcitic early diagenetic cementation which stopped the process of glauconitization.Financial support was
provided by the Research Groups 4065 and 4135 of
the Junta de AndalucÃa and the Projects PB92-0961 and
PB93-1150-CO2 of DGICYT.Peer reviewe
Reliability of 4-m and 6-m walking speed tests in elderly people with cognitive impairment
[Abstract] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interrater and test–retest reliability of 4-m and 6-m
walking speed tests in elderly people with cognitive impairment. 50 subjects aged 65 and over with
cognitive impairment were selected from an adult day-care centre and a nursing home. To examine
interrater reliability, 21 people were evaluated independently by two researchers who administered the
4-m and 6-m walking tests in each evaluation. For test–retest reliability, two observers administered the
tests to the same 29 subjects, with a time interval of one week. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs)
were calculated to examine interrater and test–retest reliability. The ICCs for interrater reliability
reached values of 0.96 and 0.88 for the 4-m and 6-m walking tests, respectively. In the test–retest study,
the time interval was 7.4 1.17 days. The ICCs were 0.91 for the 4-m test and 0.86 for the 6-m test. The
results support the use of walking tests in elderly people with cognitive impairment
Tratamiento de la escoliosis idiopática mediante artrodesis anterior e instrumentación de Zielke
—Hemos revisado 16 pacientes afectos de escoliosis toracolumbar y lumbar tratados
mediante artrodesis anterior e instrumentación de Zielke. La corrección de la curva en el
plano anteroposterior ha sido del 68%. La escoliosis torácica asociada se ha corregido de forma
espontánea un 30%. La lordosis global final ha sido de 40°, sin embargo la instrumentación
provoca un aumento de la cifosis regional de 10°. Las complicaciones de la serie han sido
3 roturas de barra, una progresión de la curva torácica y un derrame pleural.The authors showed the clinical outcome of 16 patients with thoracolumbar
and lumbar curvatures treated by Zielke instrumentation and anterior fusion. The correction
obtained in the primary curvature was 68%. The average correction in the compensatory thoracic
curvature was 30%. The average lordosis correction at follow was 40°. However the Zielke's
system lead to an increase of 10° of kyphotic at the instrumented levels. Complications
included 3 browen rods, a progression of the thoracic curve and one pleural spilling
Nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de la escoliosis idiopática mediante la electroestimulación percutánea
Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en 40 pacientes con escoliosis tratadas
mediante estimulador externo (Spinelectron) de corriente continua y doble canal. Se valor a el
equilibrio vertebral, el valor angular de las curvas y su rotación. Los pacientes se dividieron en
2 grupos, según el valor angula r de las curvas. El primero con grados Cobb entre 20° y 29° y el
segundo entre 30° y 39°. Igualmente se analizaron los resultados según el tipo de curva .
La tas a de progresión par a curvas torácicas fue del 65.3%, mientras que par a curvas toracolumbares
y lumbares fue del 50%. En cuanto al valor angular de las curvas observamos que
el 55% de las curvas entre 20-29° aumentaron su valor angular, pasando de 24.7° a 31.5°. En
cuanto a las curvas entre 30-39° el 50% de los casos necesitó artrodesis posterior.
Los resultados de la electroestimulación no difieren de la evolución natural de la escoliosis
por lo que el tratamiento puede considerarse ineficaz.Lateral electrical Surface Stimulation using the Spinelectron ®
device was applied to 40 patients for treatment of idiopathic scoliosis.The authors
value vertebra l balance , curve measurement (Cobb method ) and rotational devia
tion .
The patients were distributed in two groups according to the angular value of the
curves; the first group between 20° an d 29° o f Cobb angle an d 30° t o 39° the second
one . The results were analyzed depending on the curve pattern .
The average of progression at the thoracic curve s was 65,3 %, an d a t th e thoraco -
lumba r an d lumba r curve s wer e 5 0 %. In th e first group , th e 5 5 % o f th e curve s showed
an increase of the Cobb angle , 24,7° at the begining of the treatment to 31,5° at the en d
(averag e values). In the second group the 5 0 % o f the patients needed surgery .
The results of the Electrical Stimulation do not modify the natural evolution of the
scoliosis, so , the treatment can consider it ineffective
Complicaciones sépticas de la osteosÃntesis lumbosacra: Análisis de 23 casos
Entre 1987 y 1995 hemos intervenido 295 pacientes afectos de patologÃa lumbosacra
realizando en todos ellos una artrodesis instrumentada. Veintitrés pacientes tuvieron
como complicación una infección profunda, lo que equivale a un 7,8%. El germen más
frecuentemente aislado como responsable de la infección fue el Staphylococcus aureus resistente
a la meticilina. La antibioterapia más veces utilizada fue una cefalosporina de 2.a generación.
La infección se resolvió en 4 ocasiones bajo tratamiento médico; sin embargo, en
19 se procedió a limpieza quirúrgica de los tejidos dañados no siendo necesaria la retirada
del material de osteosÃntesis. En 9 ocasiones se practicó una 2.a reintervención, y en otros 4
una tercera. En nuestra serie, fue necesario reintervenir quirúrgicamente el 50% de los pacientes
a los que se practicó una limpieza quirúrgica. Dado que la profilaxis antibiótica debe
de cubrir los gérmenes prevalentes en cada unidad hospitalaria, de acuerdo con su patrón
de resistencia, hubiera sido más adecuado el empleo de antibióticos glucopeptÃdicos.Between 1987 and 1995 we performed an instrumented arthrodesis on
295 patients with lumbosacral pathology and 23 patients (7.8%) had a serious infection.
Methicillin-resistent Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated causal
germs. Second generation Cephalosporin was the antibiotic administered the most.
The infection was cured in 4 cases with medical treatment. However, in 19 patients
surgical cleaning of the damaged tissue was required, although it was not necessary to
remove the osteosynthesis material. In 9 cases a second operation was performed and
a third in 4 others. In our series, 50% of the patients who required surgical cleaning
underwent another operation. Due to the fact that prophylactic antibiotics should cover
the germs prevalent in each hospital ward, according to the resistence patterns,
the use of Glycopeptid antibiotics would have been more appropriate
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