Aplicación de criterios geoquímicos al reconocimiento de medios hipersalinos en los materiales arcillosos terciarios de la Depresión Central Catalana

El efecto de distintos ácidos en la puesta en solución de cationes adsorbidos en los minerales de las arcillas ha sido tratado a menudo, tanto desde el punto de vista del estudio de sedimentos arcillosos como del análisis de elementos traza en carbonatos. En este trabajo se estudia el  comportamiento de algunos cationes frente al lavado con agua destilada y con ácido acético (20 % v/v). Asimismo se comparan las concentraciones de cationes en las soluciones de lavado de sedimentos depositados en medios de distinta salinidad. Se observa que, comparando sedimentos de composición mineralógica parecida, las concentraciones de sodio, potasio, litio y magnesio de muestras depositadas en ambientes hipersalinos son mucho más eleva das que las depositadas en ambientes de salinidad menor

Características geoquímicas de la formación de sales potásicas de Navarra (Eoceno superior). Comparación con la cuenca potásica catalana

Se estudia la distribución de una serie de elementos mayoritarios (Na, K, Ca, Mg) y minoritarios (Li, Rb, Sr, Fe, Br) en las sales de los yacimientos de la cuenca potásica navarra. Se insiste en un dispositivo de cubeta asimétrica, con acumulación marginal de las salmueras más densas, para explicar algunas anomalías en la distribución vertical de bromo dentro el yacimiento. Se concluye que, desde el punto de vista geoquímico, dicha formación evaporítica es semejante a su homóloga catalana, tratándose de sales marinas y básicamente primarias. Las paragénesis de silvinita «transformada» son secundarias. Su génesis a partir de carnalita se pone de manifiesto tanto desde el punto de vista petrográfico, como geoquímico y mineralógico.Major and minor element distribution (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Li, Rb, Sr, Fe and Br) in salts of the navarrese potash basin is studied. An asynnetrical basin model, with marginal brine accumulation is emphasized to explain some anomalies in the vertical distribution of bromine inside the salt formation. This formation is very similar to its homologous in the catalonian basin, both being of marine and primary kind «Transformed» sylvinite parageneses are of secondary origin after carnallite, as can be proved by pretrological, geochemical and mineralogical criteria

Latest Cretaceous palaeogeographic evolution of northeast Iberia: Insights from the Campanian continental Montalbán subbasin (Spain)

This work characterizes for the first time the 500–700 m-thick uppermost Cretaceous continental sedimentary succession of the Allueva Fm recorded in the northeastern margin of the Iberian basin, in the Montalbán subbasin (Maestrazgo domain, Spain). The middle-upper Campanian age of this unit constrained here by new paleomagnetic and biostratigraphic data involves major revision of previous stratigraphic and palaeogeographic interpretations. The uplift of the northern marginal areas of the Montalbán subbasin onwards from the middle Campanian supplied the coarse terrigenous-clastic sediments common in the alluvial Allueva Fm. Moreover, a sharp increase of the sedimentation rates (from 4 to 19 cm/ky) from the lower to the middle-upper part of the Allueva Fm has been related to further increase of the tectonic activity during the middle part of the late Campanian. Also relevant are the new discovered vertebrate sites mostly found in the marginal areas of a large lacustrine-palustrine carbonate system developed during the latest Campanian. Vertebrate sites include a fossil assemblage with abundance of titanosaur sauropod dinosaurs as well as the presence of ornithopod dinosaurs and crocodylomorphs. A review of the dinosaur fossil sites recorded in other Iberian subbasins shows a similar fossil assembage occurrence during the late Campanian–earliest Maastrichtian timespan, previous to the faunal turnover that took place in the Ibero-Armorican landmass around the onset of the late Maastrichtian. The stratigraphic, sedimentological and paleontological characterization of the successions recorded during the initial stages of development of the Montalbán subbasin have major implication to understand the latest Cretaceous palaeogeographic evolution of northeast Iberia. Comparative review to other latest Cretaceous continental successions deposited in other domains of the Iberian basin indicates a south to north migration of newly developed subsident subbasins: during the Campanian (South Iberian domain), during the middle-late Campanian (northern Maestrazgo domain), and during the Maastrichtian (central Castillian domain)

Chronostratigraphy and new vertebrate sites from the upper Maastrichtian of Huesca (Spain), and their relation with the K/Pg boundary

The transitional-continental facies of the Tremp Formation within the South-Pyrenean Central Unit (Spain) contain one of the best continental vertebrate records of the Upper Cretaceous in Europe. This Pyrenean area is therefore an exceptional place to study the extinction of continental vertebrates across the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary, being one of the few places in Europe that has a relatively continuous record ranging from the upper Campanian to lower Eocene. The Serraduy area, located on the northwest flank of the Tremp syncline, has seen the discovery of abundant vertebrate remains in recent years, highlights being the presence of hadrosaurid dinosaurs and eusuchian crocodylomorphs. Nevertheless, although these deposits have been provisionally assigned a Maastrichtian age, they have not previously been dated with absolute or relative methods. This paper presents a detailed stratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic and biostratigraphic study for the first time in this area, making it possible to assign most vertebrate sites from the Serraduy area a late Maastrichtian age, specifically within polarity chron C29r. These results confirm that the vertebrate sites from Serraduy are among the most modern of the Upper Cretaceous in Europe, being very close to the K/Pg boundary.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant numbers CGL2014-53548-P, CGL2015-64422-P and CGL2017-85038-P), cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund; and by the Department of Education and Science of the Aragonese Government (grant numbers DGA groups H54 and E05), cofinanced by the European Social Fund (ESF). The paleomagnetic study was possible thanks to the complementary grants (beneficiaries of FPU, grant number CGL2010-16447/BTE: Brief Stays and Temporary Transfers, year 2015) supported by the Spanish Ministry of Culture, Education and Sports; and the Laboratory of paleomagnetism of the University of Burgos (Spain). Eduardo Puértolas Pascual is the recipient of a postdoctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/116759/2016) funded by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT-MCTES)

Dopamine genes (DRD2/ANKK1-TaqA1 and DRD4-7R) and executive function: their interaction with obesity

Obesity is a multifactorial disease caused by the interaction between genotype and environment, and it is considered to be a type of addictive alteration. The A1 allele of the DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA gene has been associated with addictive disorders, with obesity and with the performance in executive functions. The 7 repeat allele of the DRD4 gene has likewise been associated with the performance in executive functions, as well as with addictive behaviors and impulsivity. Participants were included in the obesity group (N = 42) if their body mass index (BMI) was equal to or above 30, and in the lean group (N = 42) if their BMI was below 25. The DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA and DRD4 VNTR polymorphisms were obtained. All subjects underwent neuropsychological assessment. Eating behavior traits were evaluated. The 'DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA A1-allele status' had a significant effect on almost all the executive variables, but no significant 'DRD4 7R-allele status' effects were observed for any of the executive variables analyzed. There was a significant 'group' x 'DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA A1-allele status' interaction effect on LN and 'group' x 'DRD4 7R-allele status' interaction effect on TMT B-A score. Being obese and a carrier of the A1 allele of DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA or the 7R allele of DRD4 VNTR polymorphisms could confer a weakness as regards the performance of executive functions

Recursos d’informació integrats i tranversals per totes les assignatures de 2n semestre del grau de Psicologia (2012PID-UB/105, modalitat A). Memòria Final

Convocatòria d'ajuts per al desenvolupament de projectes d’innovació docent a la Universitat de BarcelonaLa disponibilitat d’informació en la societat del coneixement comporta el desenvolupament de l’alfabetització digital: l’habilitat d’accedir, avaluar i utilitzar informació de diverses fonts. La coordinació de les cinc assignatures que cursen els estudiants en el segon semestre de Psicologia va permetre l’elaboració d’un pla d’actuació de forma transversal. Els estudiants que van seguir la formació van obtenir notables resultats quan s'enfrontaven a exercicis pràctics específics (identificació de paraules clau o factors d'impacte), però van mostrar mancances a l’hora de resoldre tasques que requerien la cerca avançada, l’ús de l'estil APA, la identificació de títols de revistes científiques o el coneixement global dels usos i recursos d'informació. Tot i així, els estudiants que van rebre la formació van ser lleugerament més competents que els seus companys de darrer curs del grau (al què no se'ls ha format específicament, però se'ls suposa experiència en cerca, atesa les demandes de les diferents assignatures que han cursat). L'avaluació de la competència informacional no va resultar independent de la resta de competències avaluades. Es va observar que va correlacionar positivament, tant en la tasca de defensa oral, com en la puntuació de l'examen final de continguts bàsics de l'assignatura (valors rxy entre 0,09 i 0,18).(2012PID-UB/105, modalitat A

Early lung cancer detection using spiral computed tomography and positron emission tomography

RATIONALE: Lung cancer screening using computed tomography (CT) is effective in detecting lung cancer in early stages. Concerns regarding false-positive rates and unnecessary invasive procedures have been raised. OBJECTIVE: To study the efficiency of a lung cancer protocol using spiral CT and F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). METHODS: High-risk individuals underwent screening with annual spiral CTs. Follow-up CTs were done for noncalcified nodules of 5 mm or greater, and FDG-PET was done for nodules 10 mm or larger or smaller (> 7 mm), growing nodules. RESULTS: A total of 911 individuals completed a baseline CT study and 424 had at least one annual follow-up study. Of the former, 14% had noncalcified nodules of 5 mm or larger, and 3.6% had nodules of 10 mm or larger. Eleven non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and one small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were diagnosed in the baseline study (prevalence rate, 1.32%), and two NSCLCs in the annual study (incidence rate, 0.47%). All NSCLCs (92% of prevalence cancers) were diagnosed in stage I (12 stage IA, 1 stage IB). FDG-PET was helpful for the correct diagnosis in 19 of 25 indeterminate nodules. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of FDG-PET for the diagnosis of malignancy were 69, 91, 90, and 71%, respectively. However, the sensitivity and negative predictive value of the screening algorithm, which included a 3-month follow-up CT for nodules with a negative FDG-PET, was 100%. CONCLUSION: A protocol for early lung cancer detection using spiral CT and FDG-PET is useful and may minimize unnecessary invasive procedures for benign lesions

Knowledge, attitudes, behavioral and organizational factors of health professions students for a competent smoking cessation practice: An instrument adaptation and psychometric validation study in Spanish and English samples

Background: To improve smoking cessation, training of health professions students is essential. However, no specific instrument is available to assess factors that may affect students' learning about smoking cessation practice. Aim: To adapt and validate the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire in the population of undergraduate health professions students. Design: Methodological research. Methods: The researchers conducted this study with 511 Spanish and 186 English health professions students from four different universities. We used a four-step approach: 1) adaptation of the items to the target population and validation of the content by a panel of experts; 2) a pilot study to test face validity; 3) linguistic adaptation of the Spanish version to English; and 4) the psychometric assessment based on construct validity, criterion validity and internal consistency. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed four subscales for the Spanish version, namely ‘Individual knowledge and skills’, ‘Individual attitudes and beliefs’, ‘Organizational support’ and ‘Organizational resources’, which accounted for 85.1% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis in the holdout Spanish and English samples revealed adequate goodness-of-fit values, supporting the factor structure. Hypotheses testing demonstrated significant differences by capacitation in smoking cessation interventions and degree courses, providing further evidence regarding construct validity. All the subscales correlated positively with the criterion variables (5 A’s smoking cessation model), except for the ‘Organizational resources’ subscale, which was not significantly correlated with the 5 A's. The overall Cronbach’s alpha was.83 for the Spanish version and.88 for the English one. Conclusions: Our results provide empirical support for the use of the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire for Students as a reliable and valid instrument to assess knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and organization perceptions in health professions students, which is essential for competent smoking cessation practice. Interestingly, ‘Organizational resources’ subscale presented the lowest correlations among factors and did not correlate with any component of the 5 A's, suggesting the need of enhancing students' responsibility and involvement during their internships, as well as the interest of some organizations

Desenvolupament transversal de la competència informacional al segon semestre del Grau de Psicologia.

Podeu consultar la Vuitena trobada de professorat de Ciències de la Salut completa a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/66524Buscar, seleccionar i gestionar informació especialitzada de manera estratègica, fent ús de diferents tecnologies i fonts d'informació és una de les competències transversals de la UB. Cinc assignatures del segon semestre de Psicologia van elaborar un pla d’actuació per treballar-la coordinadament. Els estudiants que van seguir aquesta formació van obtenir notables resultats quan s'enfrontaven a exercicis pràctics específics (identificació de paraules clau o factors d'impacte), però van mostrar mancances a l’hora de resoldre tasques que requerien la cerca avançada, l’ús de l'estil APA, la identificació de títols de revistes científiques o el coneixement global dels usos i recursos d'informació. No obstant, els estudiants que van rebre la formació van ser lleugerament més competents que els seus companys de darrer curs del grau (que no havien rebut aquesta formació coordinada, però que se'ls hi suposa experiència en cerca documental, atesa les demandes de les diferents assignatures que han cursat). D’altra banda, l'avaluació de la competència informacional no va resultar independent de la resta de competències avaluades ja que va correlacionar positivament, tant en la tasca de defensa oral, com en la puntuació de l'examen final de continguts bàsics de l'assignatura (valors rxy entre 0,09 i 0,18).Buscar, seleccionar i gestionar informació especialitzada de manera estratègica, fent ús de diferents tecnologies i fonts d'informació és una de les competències transversals de la UB. Cinc assignatures del segon semestre de Psicologia van elaborar un pla d’actuació per treballar-la coordinadament. Els estudiants que van seguir aquesta formació van obtenir notables resultats quan s'enfrontaven a exercicis pràctics específics (identificació de paraules clau o factors d'impacte), però van mostrar mancances a l’hora de resoldre tasques que requerien la cerca avançada, l’ús de l'estil APA, la identificació de títols de revistes científiques o el coneixement global dels usos i recursos d'informació. No obstant, els estudiants que van rebre la formació van ser lleugerament més competents que els seus companys de darrer curs del grau (que no havien rebut aquesta formació coordinada, però que se'ls hi suposa experiència en cerca documental, atesa les demandes de les diferents assignatures que han cursat). D’altra banda, l'avaluació de la competència informacional no va resultar independent de la resta de competències avaluades ja que va correlacionar positivament, tant en la tasca de defensa oral, com en la puntuació de l'examen final de continguts bàsics de l'assignatura (valors rxy entre 0,09 i 0,18)

Variaciones laterales de la estructura del anticlinal de Barbastro-Balaguer

El afloramiento de yesos y sales eocenas que constituyen el anticlinal de Barbastro-Balaguer presenta continuidad a lo largo de 150 km si bien la variación lateral en términos estructurales es patente ya en la geología de superficie. En este trabajo se presenta una síntesis cartográfica de la estructura y tres cortes que ilustran zonas concretas de los sectores occidental, central y oriental. Desde su terminación periclinal al oeste, esta estructura se dibuja como un retrocabalgamiento y más adelante como un anticlinal que en ciertas zonas se desdobla en más de una estructura para culminar, al oeste, en un anticlinal suave cuya geometría corresponde a grandes rasgos a un pliegue de adaptación de falla. Mientras que el flanco sur presenta una traza continua y regular, el flanco norte del anticlinal de Barbastro- Balaguer mimetiza la traza del frente de las Sierras Marginales, lo que se traduce en una traza irregular con entrantes y salientes. Esta irregularidad podría explicarse por el grado de interacción entre el frente de deformación y la posición y geometría de los niveles de despegue eocenos que dependen, a su vez, de la extensión de los sistemas lacustres donde se sedimentaron