Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders with drug addiction: preliminary results

INTRODUCTION: Proper psychiatric evaluations are seldom performed on drug addicts. Failure in recognizing dual diagnosed patients frequently results in inadequate treatment interventions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of psychiatric disorders in drug addicts. METHODS: Psychiatric morbidity was studied within a sample of 50 drug dependent men randomly selected from an outward treatment facility. Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) were used for diagnostic assessment. RESULTS: Lifetime and current prevalence of some mental disorder were of 77% and 72 %, respectively. Thirty-two percent of the subjects presented a depression diagnosis at the time and 44 % met diagnostic criteria for lifetime diagnosis of depression. Depressive disorders somehow seemed to precede drug dependence in 77,3 % of the cases. Also, frequencies of other psychiatric disorders were higher among addicts than within the community. Results from this study were compared with similar international studies. CONCLUSION: The link between psychopathology and drug dependence justifies the importance of specific strategies for the treatment of dual diagnosed addicts.INTRODUÇÃO: Os dependentes de substâncias psicoativas freqüentemente deixam de ser submetidos a avaliações diagnósticas. A não identificação de transtornos psiquiátricos associados à farmacodependência resulta em intervenções terapêuticas inadequadas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de transtornos psiquiátricos em farmacodependentes. MÉTODOS: Foi estudada uma amostra de 50 farmacodependentes do sexo masculino, selecionados aleatoriamente entre os pacientes de um serviço de tratamento ambulatorial para dependentes químicos. Utilizaram-se os Critérios Diagnósticos para Pesquisa (RDC) na avaliação diagnóstica. RESULTADOS: As prevalências de transtornos mentais ao longo da vida e no momento da entrevista foram de 77% e 72%, respectivamente. Trinta e dois por cento dos pacientes apresentavam-se deprimidos por ocasião da avaliação e 44% preencheram critérios diagnósticos para depressão na vida. Os transtornos depressivos precederam a instalação da farmacodependência em 77,3% dos pacientes. Outros transtornos psiquiátricos apareceram em proporções maiores do que as observadas em estudos envolvendo população geral. Os resultados do presente estudo foram comparados com estudos similares internacionais. CONCLUSÃO: A alta correlação entre psicopatologia e farmacodependência enfatiza a importância de estratégias terapêuticas baseadas na identificação de co-morbidade psiquiátrica nestes casos.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Escola Paulista de MedicinaEPMUNIFESPEscola Paulista de MedicinaEPMSciEL

Roadmap for the Introduction of a New Dengue Vaccine

Dengue remains the most common vector-transmitted disease in the world despite enormous prevention and control efforts by endemic countries and regions. Today, after decades of research, public health programs contemplate as part of the intervention to control the disease, a safe and effective vaccine against dengue. In this chapter, we review general principles for developing a safe and efficacious vaccine against dengue virus, the current vaccine candidates approved and under research, and the roadmap for the introduction of a new dengue vaccine, based on the procedures, carried out by Mexico, for the licensure and eventual adoption of CYD-TDV vaccine, which concluded with Mexico becoming the first country in the world to grant licensure to a Dengue vaccine in December of 2015. Finally, we discuss the rationale for the adoption of dengue vaccines a public health policy and the paradigm shift required for the efficient adoption of vaccines in low- and middle-income countries

Development and testing of a sedation protocol for Neocaridina davidi

Neocaridina davidi, a small freshwater shrimp native to Asia, specifically China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, possesses remarkable resistance to poor water quality and offers various advantages over other invertebrate species to examine crucial issues in neuroscience and other related areas. These advantages include robustness, ease of maintenance, and transparency, making them useful for in vivo studies with optical imaging techniques. Despite its suitability for research purposes, particularly in the fields of imaging and fluorescent techniques, the lack of attention given to this species has resulted in the absence of a robust and replicable sedation protocol for immobilization and safe manipulation. Consequently, researchers face challenges in performing experimental procedures while minimizing harm to this specimen. In this study, we have developed and evaluated a simple sedation protocol specifically designed for Neocaridina davidi, assessing its effectiveness using light microscopy and image processing.RF acknowledges funding from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain (project PID2021-123124OB-I00). JR and MM acknowledges funding from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2020-115088RB-I00, “BEHAVE-3D”). MD acknowledges funding from Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the project DTS22 /00030. This project was co-funded by the European Union (ERDF, “A way to make Europe”), partially supported by Comunidad de Madrid (S2017/BMD-3867 RENIM-CM), and co-financed by European Structural and Investment Fund. The CNIC is supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) and the Pro CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (SEV-2015-0505)

Tablero simulador para prácticas con controladores lógicos programables (PLC)

1 archivo PDF (53 páginas)Diseño y construcción de un tablero simulador para prácticas con controladores lógicos programables, el cual permite generar y visualizar las señales más comunes que se manejan en un PLC. El equipo fue diseñado de tal forma que su reproducción y mantenimiento fuesen sencillos y de bajo costo, así como protegiendo al controlador de errores de conexión comunes durante el aprendizaje. Este documento contiene el manual de usuario, así como la descripción del diseño y la construcción del tablero

Impact tests of thin wall ductile iron

En el presente trabajo se estudia del comportamiento de la fundición esferoidal de pequeño espesor, y por lo tanto de elevado conteo nodular, ante solicitaciones de impacto, realizando comparaciones con probetas extraídas de bloques "Y" de 1/2 y 1 pulgada (ASTM A395). Se evaluó la influencia de la forma de la probeta de choque utilizada, encontrándose que los valores de resiliencia obtenidos difieren para distintos espesores de probeta. Se observó una disminución de la temperatura de transición con el aumento del conteo nodular, mientras que la energía absorbida en el "upper shelf" disminuye a medida que aumenta el conteo nodular.This work studies the impact strength of thin wall ductile iron. The impact energy of thin wall plates cast on sand moulds of thickness ranging from 2 to 4 mm, in which nodule counts range from 1700 to 1300 nod/mm2, are measured and compared to test results obtained on samples taken from 13 and 25mm Y blocks (ASTM A395), in which regular nodule counts are about 200 nod/mm2. Since standard Charpy specimens could not be machined from the thin plates, some complementary studies were necessary. Impact testing of ductile iron samples of regular nodule count and different widths, showed that the resilience increases noticeably and the ductile-brittle transition temperature drops as the width diminishes. The increase in the nodule count causes a significant decrease in upper shelf resilience, and a decrease in the ductile-brittle transition temperature. Very high nodule count ferritic ductile iron, of nodule count between 1300 and 1700 nod/mm2, shows a ductile-brittle transition temperature of approximately –80°C and upper shelf resilience of about 16 J/cm2. A ductile iron of similar chemical composition, but of regular nodule count, shows a transition temperature of approximately –45 and upper shelf resilience of approximately 22 J/cm2.Fil: Caldera, Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Massone, Juan Miguel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Boeri, Roberto Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Sikora, Jorge Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentin

Teucrium francoi M. Seq., Capelo, J.C. Costa & R. Jardim, a new species of Teucrium gr. scorodonia (Lamiceae) from Madeira

The species formerly recognized as Teucrium scorodonia in Madeira is here described as new: Teucrium francoi M. Seq., Capelo, J.C. Costa & R. Jardim. Morphologically close to species of Teucrium gr. scorodonia [T. scorodonia L., T. pseudoscorodonia Desf., T. siculum (Raf.) Guss. and T. kotschyanum Poech], it exhibits, nonetheless, some distinct diagnostic characters. The indumentum density and type of hairs of T. francoi are clearly distinct from those of related species, as are the shape and dimensions of the leaves and bracts, calyx, and corolla, which are all taken as taxonomically significant diagnostic features. A diagnosis and a distribution map are presented for this new species. Morphology, ecology, biogeography, and conservation issues are discussed. Teucrium francoi, which is an endemic from Madeira (Portugal), is to be found mostly in the scope of the association Teucrio francoi– Origanetum virentis J.C. Costa, Capelo, Jardim, Sequeira, Lousã & Rivas-Martínez, but also occurs in somewhat humid habitats, such as open stands of Rosa mandonii Déségl. associated with small streamsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The vegetation of Madeira: III - Diplazio caudati-Perseetum indici ass. nova and Rhamno glandulosi-Sambucetum lanceolati ass. nova: two new hygrophillic forest associations from Madeira Island

Descriptions of forest vegetation of Madeira Island included, so far, two types of climatophylous broadleaf forest vegetation – Clethro arboreae-Ocoteetum foetentis and Semele androgynae- Apollonietum barbujanae – with an arboreal stratum respectively dominated by two Lauraceae trees: Ocotea foetens [til] and Apollonias barbujana [barbusano]. Recently, we discovered that the other Lauraceae Madeira's tree – Persea indica [vinhático] – is the dominant tree in a third type of broadleaf forest - Diplazio caudati-Perseetum indici ass. nova

Validação da coerência estrutural do Questionário de Saúde Geral

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the structural coherency of the 60-item version of the General Health Questionnaire via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. METHOD: The study design is a cross-sectional survey. A random sample of 146 individuals from the city of Divinópolis-MG volunteered to participate in the present study and responded to the 60-item version of the General Health Questionnaire adapted and validated for use in Brazil. Statistics consisted of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha method. RESULTS: Alpha coefficients for all five content scales of the General Health Questionnaire were high (α > 0.8). For four of the five scales, a unifactorial model of constituent items provided a good fit to the data. Items comprising the fifth scale, Psychic Stress, exhibited a two-correlated factor structure. A factor analysis of scores for the five scales yielded strong evidence of coherency, with all scales loading substantially on a single common factor. CONCLUSION: The General Health Questionnaire shows good psychometric coherency as evidenced by high internal consistency and unidimensionality of all but one of its constituent scales, and uniformly high loadings of all scales on a single overarching factor. These results are consistent with prior findings from the General Health Questionnaire developmental study and Brazilian adaptation studies.OBJETIVO: Investigar a coerência estrutural da versão de 60 itens do Questionário de Saúde Geral de Goldberg por meio da aplicação de análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo de levantamento de desenho transversal. Uma amostra aleatória de 146 indivíduos voluntários da cidade de Divinópolis-MG participou do presente estudo respondendo à versão de 60 itens do Questionário de Saúde Geral. As estatísticas consistiram de análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias. Fidedignidade foi estimada pelo método alpha de Cronbach. RESULTADOS: Os coeficientes alpha para todas as cinco escalas do Questionário de Saúde Geral foram elevados (α > 0,8). Para quatro das cinco escalas, um modelo unifatorial com base em seus respectivos itens apresentou bom ajuste aos dados. Itens que compunham a quinta escala, Estresse Psíquico, exibiram uma estrutura de dois fatores correlacionados. Uma análise fatorial dos escores das cinco escalas produziu fortes evidências de coerência, com todas as escalas apresentando cargas fatoriais robustas em um único fator. CONCLUSÃO: O Questionário de Saúde Geral apresenta bons indicadores psicométricos de coerência deflagrados pela elevada consistência interna e unidimensionalidade de todas menos uma de suas escalas constituintes e pelas cargas fatoriais, univocamente elevadas, em uma única e inclusiva dimensão. Os resultados apresentados são congruentes tanto com os do estudo de elaboração do Questionário de Saúde Geral quanto com os de sua adaptação para o Brasil.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Department of PsychiatryThe Florida State University Department of Clinical Psychology and PsychopatologyUniversidade Católica de SantosUNIFESP, EPM, Department of PsychiatrySciEL