Morphological variation and sexual dimorphism in Liolaemus wiegmannii (Duméril & Bibron, 1837) (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Uruguay

Intraspecific morphological variation is a relatively common pattern among lizards, where several selective factors have been suggested as responsible for this phenomenon. For instance, geographic variation could result from natural selection along with historical processes, whereas sexual dimorphism has usually been attributed to sexual selection, natural selection, and niche segregation. Liolaemus wiegmannii is a diurnal lizard distributed in the center, center-east and north-west of Argentina, as well as on the shores of south-west and south Uruguay. Information about morphological variation in this species is almost entirely limited to differences in mid-body scales between populations in the north and center of Argentina and some sex-based morphometric variation. Herein, we studied the geographic and sexual morphological variation of Liolaemus wiegmannii from Uruguay to test the hypothesis of morphological isolation by distance and morphological structuring by geographic barriers (rivers), as well as exploring the occurrence of sexual dimorphism in morphometry and lepidosis. Neither geographic distance nor rivers seem to play an important structuring role on the external morphology of Liolaemus wiegmannii in Uruguay. Multiple multivariate analyses support the hypothesis that most of the external morphological variation is probably due to sexual dimorphism. Natural and sexual selection acting on females and males, respectively, are the most plausible mechanisms underlying the dimorphism observed in this species.

Morphological variation and sexual dimorphism in Liolaemus wiegmannii (Duméril & Bibron, 1837) (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Uruguay

Intraspecific morphological variation is a relatively common pattern among lizards, where several selective factors have been suggested as responsible for this phenomenon. For instance, geographic variation could result from natural selection along with historical processes, whereas sexual dimorphism has usually been attributed to sexual selection, natural selection, and niche segregation. Liolaemus wiegmannii is a diurnal lizard distributed in the center, center-east and north-west of Argentina, as well as on the shores of south-west and south Uruguay. Information about morphological variation in this species is almost entirely limited to differences in mid-body scales between populations in the north and center of Argentina and some sex-based morphometric variation. Herein, we studied the geographic and sexual morphological variation of Liolaemus wiegmannii from Uruguay to test the hypothesis of morphological isolation by distance and morphological structuring by geographic barriers (rivers), as well as exploring the occurrence of sexual dimorphism in morphometry and lepidosis. Neither geographic distance nor rivers seem to play an important structuring role on the external morphology of Liolaemus wiegmannii in Uruguay. Multiple multivariate analyses support the hypothesis that most of the external morphological variation is probably due to sexual dimorphism. Natural and sexual selection acting on females and males, respectively, are the most plausible mechanisms underlying the dimorphism observed in this species

Morphological variation and sexual dimorphism in <em>Liolaemus wiegmannii</em> (Duméril & Bibron, 1837) (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Uruguay

Intraspecific morphological variation is a relatively common pattern among lizards, where several selective factors have been suggested as responsible for this phenomenon. For instance, geographic variation could result from natural selection along with historical processes, whereas sexual dimorphism has usually been attributed to sexual selection, natural selection, and niche segregation. Liolaemus wiegmannii is a diurnal lizard distributed in the center, center-east and north-west of Argentina, as well as on the shores of south-west and south Uruguay. Information about morphological variation in this species is almost entirely limited to differences in mid-body scales between populations in the north and center of Argentina and some sex-based morphometric variation. Herein, we studied the geographic and sexual morphological variation of Liolaemus wiegmannii from Uruguay to test the hypothesis of morphological isolation by distance and morphological structuring by geographic barriers (rivers), as well as exploring the occurrence of sexual dimorphism in morphometry and lepidosis. Neither geographic distance nor rivers seem to play an important structuring role on the external morphology of Liolaemus wiegmannii in Uruguay. Multiple multivariate analyses support the hypothesis that most of the external morphological variation is probably due to sexual dimorphism. Natural and sexual selection acting on females and males, respectively, are the most plausible mechanisms underlying the dimorphism observed in this species.

Record of a feral population of Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae) in Maldonado department, Uruguay.

Reportamos la primera población silvestre de Lithobates catesbeianus para el departamento de Maldonado, cuyo origen se vincula a un criadero que funcionó entre los años 1993 y 2001. El acceso de esta especie a la cuenca baja del Arroyo Maldonado podría comprometer la conservación de especies amenazadas que allí ocurren.We report the first feral population of Lithobates catesbeianus from Maldonado, whose origin is associated with a farm that was in activity between years 1993 and 2001. A potential expansion of this species toward the low basin of Maldonado stream could compromise the conservation of threatened anurans that occurs there

Diseño y construcción de un sistema de generación fotovoltaica para el parque zonal San Andrés

La preocupación por la conservación y uso racional de nuestros recursos naturales ha llevado a instaurar políticas medioambientales dentro de las entidades gubernamentales. Para alinearse con las políticas institucionales del Instituto Distrital de Recreación y Deporte, se requiere realizar el diseño y construcción de un sistema de generación de energía eléctrica renovable, para minimizar los impactos generados por la operación del parque, como es el consumo de energía eléctrica debido a su funcionamiento hasta altas horas en la noche. Este documento presenta el plan de gestión del proyecto de un sistema de generación fotovoltaica para el parque zonal San Andrés, en la localidad de Engativá, el cual se constituye de cuatro etapas: Estudios, diseños, adquisiciones y construcción.The concern for the conservation and rational use of our natural resources has led to the establishment of environmental policies within government entities. To align with the institutional policies of the Instituto Distrital de Recreación y Deporte, it is necessary to design and build a renewable electricity generation system, to minimize the impacts generated by the operation of the park, such as the consumption of electricity due to its operation up to high hours at night. This document presents the project management plan for a photovoltaic generation system for the San Andrés zonal park, in the town of Engativá, which consists of four stages: Studies, designs, acquisitions and construction

Constatación de lo comunitario en la resiliencia ante desastres naturales en el contexto de Manabí, Ecuador

Ante la presencia de desastres naturales las comunidades muestran valoración del impacto de afectación hacia las personas, que se encuentran viviendo este momento de crisis, estimando la participación con actuación resiliente, por ello, la presente disertación tiene como objetivo constatar lo comunitario en la resiliencia ante los desastres naturales, en el contexto de Manabí, Ecuador, provincia propensa a terremotos, inundaciones, sequías, incendios forestales, entre otros eventos de carácter natural, pero otros producidos por el hombre. El estudio fue descriptivo, documental, retrospectivo, fundamentado en revisión bibliográfica acerca de desastres naturales experimentados en esa localidad, considerando las posiciones de quienes los estudiaron, verificando el comportamiento de la gente desde lo comunitario contrastándola con los fundamentos de la resiliencia, según criterios de la herramienta Goal (2015). Se asumen como resultados, que en estas comunidades se aprovechan las capacidades y competencias que poseen, manejando emocionalmente el estrés, buscando los recursos, trabajando con sinergia y cohesión. Manifiestan moderado comportamiento en cuanto a estar consciente de los riesgos que corren en el espacio donde viven. Se concluye que muchas acciones dependen de las autoridades, de organismos oficiales, pero en su característica de gente valiente, la comunidad lucha por vencer los desastres, aprendiendo, a través de ellos

Coalescent-based species delimitation in the sand lizards of the Liolaemus wiegmannii complex (Squamata: Liolaemidae)

Coalescent-based algorithms coupled with the access to genome-wide data have become powerful tools forassessing questions on recent or rapid diversification, as well as delineating species boundaries in the absence of reciprocal monophyly. In southern South America, the diversification of Liolaemus lizards during the Pleistocene is well documented and has been attributed to the climatic changes that characterized this recent period of time. Past climatic changes had harsh effects at extreme latitudes, including Patagonia, but habitat changes at intermediate latitudes of South America have also been recorded, including expansion of sand fields over northern Patagonia and Pampas). In this work, we apply a coalescent-based approach to study the diversification of the Liolaemus wiegmannii species complex, a morphologically conservative clade that inhabits sandy soils across northwest and south-central Argentina, and the south shores of Uruguay. Using four standard sequence markers (mitochondrial DNA and three nuclear loci) along with ddRADseq data we inferred species limits and a time calibrated species tree for the L. wiegmannii complex in order to evaluate the influence of Quaternary sand expansion/retraction cycles on diversification. We also evaluated the evolutionary independence of the recently described L. gardeli and inferred its phylogenetic position relative to L. wiegmannii. We find strong evidence for six allopatric candidate species within L. wiegmannii, which diversified during the Pleistocene. The Great Patagonian Glaciation (∼1 million years before present) likely split the species complex into two main groups: one composed of lineages associated with sub-Andean sedimentary formations, and the other mostly related to sand fields in the Pampas and northern Patagonia. We hypothesize that early speciation within L. wiegmannii was influenced by the expansion of sand dunes throughout central Argentina and Pampas. Finally, L. gardeli is supported as a distinct lineage nested within the L. wiegmannii complex.Fil: Villamil, Joaquín. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias; UruguayFil: Avila, Luciano Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; ArgentinaFil: Morando, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; ArgentinaFil: Sites, Jack W.. University Brigham Young; Estados UnidosFil: Leaché, Adam D.. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Maneyro, Raúl. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Ciencias; UruguayFil: Camargo Bentaberry, Arley. Universidad de la República; Urugua

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

El sentido de estudiar

Con la llegada del CBC a Villa Lugano, muchas mujeres de sectores populares encontraron una herramienta para desarrollar un feminismo distinto pero igual de combativo. Aunque no milite a favor del aborto, este nuevo feminismo encuentra en el estudio una forma de empoderar el género para enfrentar las diversas situaciones de violencia. En este artículo se indaga, a través de entrevistas en profundidad, en historias de vida de estudiantes mujeres de sectores populares que cursan el ciclo básico común de la Universidad de Buenos Aires.Fil: Linne, Joaquín Walter. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Villamil, Lucas. No especifica

Diagnóstico y perspectivas del sector microempresarial en la zona bananera del Magdalena

Esta investigación tuvo por objeto analizar las posibles causas que llevaron a la creación de microempresas o en su defecto a la desaparición de éstas en la Zona Bananera del Magdalena, de la misma manera recomendar de acuerdo a las condiciones económicas y sociales del área en estudio que tipo de éstas se pueden crear. Otro de los objetivos de esta investigación es realizar un análisis del proceso histórico de la microempresa en la Zona Bananera del Magdalena que permita diagnosticar las posibles causas que han incidido en su desarrollo u atraso, y determinar sus futuras perspectivas, además, establecer que tipos de microempresas se pueden crear en la Zona Bananera del Magdalena, de acuerdo a las características socio-económicas de ésta. Esta investigación es de suma importancia para el sector privado (Fundeban. Fundauniban), dado a que los resultados que arroje el estudio le servirán para implementar sus programas en pro de la microempresa. Asimismo le permite a la Universidad del Magdalena ir tomando participación activa en el desarrollo de este sector; puesto que es el primer estudio que sobre este tema en el sector rural se ha efectuado