Planeamiento estratégico del sector gastronómico en Colombia

En la presente tesis, se desarrolló el Planeamiento Estratégico del Sector Gastronómico en Colombia, comenzando con los análisis externo e interno, en los cual se identifican las oportunidades, amenazas, fortalezas, y debilidades del Sector. Posteriormente, se elaboraron las matrices que permiten definir las estrategias clave para el alcance de los objetivos a corto y largo plazo, los cuales conducen al Sector a la situación futura deseada que se estableció en la Visión. El Sector Gastronómico en Colombia está iniciando la etapa de crecimiento, evidenciando resultados positivos; sin embargo, se caracteriza por un alto grado de fragmentación e informalidad. Se definieron “estrategias retenidas”, que fueron escogidas a través del desarrollo de matrices. Estas estrategias se enfocaron principalmente en la importancia de definir un Chef Líder que dirija la implementación del Planeamiento Estratégico, basado en el fortalecimiento de la identidad gastronómica a través de la investigación e innovación, y en el mejoramiento de los estándares de calidad de los productos y servicios, aprovechando de esta manera las ventajas competitivas que tiene el Sector en Colombia frente a sus competidores (i.e., México, Brasil, y Argentina). Asimismo, estas estrategias permiten la consecución de la Visión, representada como un aporte del 5% al PIB colombiano a 2030.This document is the strategic planning of the Colombian Gastronomic Sector, starting with the internal and external analysis, where strengths, weaknesses opportunities and threats are identified. Subsequently, the matrixes are developed and allow to define the key strategies for achieving the objectives in the short and long term, which will take the Sector to the desired future situation defined in the Vision. The Gastronomic Sector in Colombia is starting the growth stage, showing positive results, however, it is characterized by high degree of fragmentation and informality. Retained strategies that were chosen through the development of matrixes, focused primarily on the importance of defining a Chef Leader as a responsible implementation of the Strategic Planning, based on the strengthening of the gastronomic identity through research and innovation and improving the quality standards of products and services, making the most of the competitive advantages of the sector in Colombia in comparison to its competitors (i.e., Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina). Also, it allows the achievement of the Vision, represented for a contribution of 5% to the Colombian GDP in 2030.Tesi

Thematic Trends Around Gamification in MOOC: A Bibliometric Analysis

Currently, educational systems have assumed a relevant role in developing knowledge and strengthening skills in individuals, an aspect that has become a determining factor for the advancement of society. However, these systems present constant challenges, especially influenced by the advance in information and communication technologies, access to the Internet, and mobile devices, which implies transformations in the new paradigms of teaching and learning methodologies. In this scenario, gamification has been one of the strategies used within virtual learning environments such as MOOCs to increase student motivation in the development of courses. In the last decade, interest in this topic has been evidenced. Therefore, this study aims to identify the main research trends in studies on gamification in MOOCs in the last ten years. For this purpose, a bibliometric analysis was carried out using the Scopus database, from which 265 publications were obtained. The main actors (authors and journals) most cited and thematic trends were identified based on the recurrence of keywords. Among the findings, it was identified that researchers are interested in e-Learning, motivation, online learning, serious games, student engagement, badges and rewards, and the use of the Internet as a tool for learning.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Economic evaluation of the treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Colombia

Introducción: La hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB) es una condición de elevada prevalencia y de impacto significativo sobre la calidad de vida de los pacientes. A su tratamiento convencional, la resección quirúrgica, se han agregado con el tiempo otras opciones de manejo. Materiales y métodos: Este modelo de Markov, de costo-utilidad, pretende representar, en el en-torno colombiano, la decisión de tratar a un paciente hipotético de 60 años con cirugía, bloqueador alfa (Bα), inhibidores de la 5 alfa reductasa (I5AR) o terapia combinada (TC). Se empleó la perspectiva de un tercero pagador (una EPS) y el horizonte de tiempo fue de cinco años. La efectividad de los medicamentos se obtuvo de los respectivos estudios clínicos mientras que las complicaciones de cirugía (resección transuretral o RTU) se obtuvieron de las guías de la AUA (American Urological Association). A estos datos se les aplicaron costos locales (tarifas ISS y costos de facturación de una EPS). Se emplearon utilidades y disutilidades en AVAC (años de vida ajustados por calidad) obtenidos de registros internacionales. Resultados: El modelo muestra que, en valores netos, la RTU es el tratamiento menos costoso ($3,25 millones). Con respecto a la RTU, el tratamiento con I5AR es el más costo-efectivo como terapia inicial ($17,41 millones por AVAC adicional ganado), por encima de la TC ($25,0 millones por AVAC) y del Bα ($51,0 millones por AVAC). Conclusiones: El tratamiento médico con I5AR es “costo-efectivo” según los estándares internacionales (menos de tres veces el PIB per cápita pagado por cada año de vida ajustado por calidad adicional ganado). La razón incremental de costo-utilidad de la TC es altamente sensible a su precio; si este igualara al del I5AR, se pagarían $5,65 millones por AVAC adicional ganado.Artículo original69-76Benign prostatic hyperplasia has a high prevalence and represents an important burden on the quality of life of the affected patients. New medical interventions have been added to the traditional surgical approach. This Markov cost-utility model, adjusted to the Colombian health care environment, represents the decision to treat a hypothetical 60-year-old patient either with surgery (transurethral resection or TUR) or with either alpha blockers (αB), 5 alpha reductase inhibitors (5ARI) or combined therapy (CT). We used a third party payer perspective, as well as a 5-year timeframe. Effectiveness data were taken from international clinical trials, and surgical complications were obtained from the AUA (American Urological Association) practice guidelines. All costs were local, combining Colombian Social Security Institute prices as well as real costs from a local private clinic. Utilities and disutilities were measured in QALY, obtained from international registries. The model shows that, over the 5-year timeframe, surgery has the lowest overall cost (Col$3.25 million, aprox. US$1573 in September 2009 official exchange rate of Col$2066 per US$). Com-pared with surgery, treatment with 5ARI is the most cost-effective (Col$17.41 million [US$8426] per additional QALY gained) followed by CT (Col$25.0 million per QALY) and αB (Col$51.0 million [US$24,695] per QALY). We conclude that treatment with 5ARI is “cost-effective” according to international standards (less than three times per capita GDP paid for each additional QALY gained). The incremental cost-utility ratio of CT is highly sensitive to price of therapy; if price of CT was equal to the price of 5ARI, the cost of each additional QALY gained would be Col$5,65 million (US$2733)

Ecuaciones diferenciales en el análisis de fenómenos térmicos obtenidos por sensores / Equações diferenciais na análise de fenômenos térmicos derivados de sensores

La enseñanza de la física en los programas de ingeniería, es prioridad en los primeros semestres en el área de Ciencias Básicas, para estos cursos es innegable la importancia de las prácticas, pero los altos costos para obtener laboratorios con equipos avanzados y actualizados hace muy difícil llevar a cabo estas prácticas de laboratorio. Este problema nos lleva a buscar nuevas alternativas como software en su mayoría libre que nos permita graficar, construir y experimentar a partir de fenómenos físicos y acorde a los conceptos que deben ser abordados en los cursos. El objetivo de la presente investigación es examinar la aplicación de un prototipo funcional de Arduino  como herramienta para la elaboración de laboratorios planteados con elementos teóricos, tomando como caso para esta publicación la teoría de la actividad instrumentada para el tema elegido “Enfriamiento Newtoniano”. Lo anterior, permite ver estos laboratorios como producto de la investigación y no como simples demostraciones de un software de moda. La propuesta se está desarrollando con el apoyo de un semillero de investigación. Los laboratorios obtenidos, permiten lograr una mejor comprensión de ese tema por parte de los estudiantes y a su vez generar los textos para la implementación de los laboratorios apoyados en TIC, permitiendo que el docente logre un mejor control en las prácticas y en la evaluación de éstas

Creación de carro funcional con arduino para la enseñanza de la física / Criação de um carrinho funcional com arduino para o ensino da física

El presente informe describe los materiales y pasos necesarios a seguir para la construcción de un carro funcional a instrucciones mediante el uso de hardware y software Arduino.  Una vez construido el prototipo, se diseñó una práctica de laboratorio para la enseñanza de la física mecánica en un programa de Ingenierías para la Corporación Universitaria Americana, sede Medellín, Colombia. En la práctica se realizó una serie de experimentos a diferentes velocidades para analizar la distancia recorrida, la velocidad y la aceleración del carro. Este tipo de métodos de enseñanza han demostrado mejorar los resultados de los estudiantes facilitando el aprendizaje y aumentando la practicidad de los problemas

Sistema de indicadores de eficiencia financiera para las pymes del sector textil de Medellín-Colombia

Los nuevos retos mundiales, exigen a las empresas incurrir en métodos eficaces para la toma de decisiones que les genere valor y aumente la productividad de sus activos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo diseñar un sistema de indicadores de eficiencia financiera para las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector textil de Medellín-Colombia, evidenciando un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo, donde para la recolección de datos se aplicaron: Una entrevista a 10 expertos metodológicos y temáticos del tema objeto de estudio, y una entrevista a una muestra aleatoria de 78 gerentes, contadores y administradores de las empresas objeto de estudio, aplicando un análisis de fiabilidad, descriptivo, correlacional y estructural para estudiar los datos. Se encontró como resultados que el sistema de indicadores es útil y viable para las pymes del sector textil de Medellín-Colombia que lo apliquen en su totalidad, debido a su alto grado de correlación entre variables, propiciando de esta manera su sostenimiento y crecimiento en el mercado; concluyendo así que el sistema propuesto permite la cuantificación e identificación de las áreas que necesitan de una mayor atención, gestión e intervención

La tecnologia como factor diferenciador en la logística del futuro / Technology as a differentiator factor in the future logistics

Esta investigación consiste en indagar cómo la cadena logística debe reinventarse a nivel tecnológico para cumplir con la demanda del nuevo consumidor moderno, y como los factores integradores generan eficiencia en la cadena de suministros.Desde la adaptación y aumento del comercio electrónico la logística será clave para lograr satisfacción del consumidor debido a que tiene un perfil tecnológico el cual es más exigente en cuanto a sus experiencias de compras. La automatización es determinante para marcar diferencia en la reducción de tiempos y control (confiabilidad) puesto que al aumentar el número de operaciones se requiere la optimización de los procesos, la eficiencia en la calidad y atención al cliente. Por ser el último eslabón, la distribución busca la optimización de rutas y recursos de transporte, trazabilidad en tiempo real, disminución de errores y simplificación de procesos, para cumplir eficazmente con la entrega al consumidor final

Technological Development of Priority Tourist Destinations and Maging Towns

This work is intended to be of support and utility for the Ministry of Tourism in Mexico, so that they can build a future SWOT evaluation of tourist destinations. As well, for those who are interested in areas related to the topics presented in this handbook.It presents the development of incorporate indicators of the Priority Tourist Destinations and Magic Towns of Mexico, derived from Sectorial Project 242853 called Development of Information Systems for the Management of the Tourist Destinations of Mexico, where the analysis of the Project is detailed, until the Achievement of the technological innovation generated, through an Information System.Mexico is a country which has as one of its strengths, cultural and natural resources in each of its states, municipalities and localities. Customs, traditions, gastronomy, ceremonial centers, archeological zones, waterfalls, the abundance in flora and fauna; so describe each of its wonders. These resources require laws and regulations to protect and maintain them, to improve infrastructure, to be sustainable, and attractive to national and international tourism without being damaged or that the inhabitants of those places are benefited by the generation of jobs, social security among others. Balancing all the factors involved is an arduous task and requires studies such as those carried out by various governmental and educational institutions, the private sector among others. In the next work to be published called "Compendium of tourist indicators of priority tourist destinations and magical towns", the analysis of variables and indicators of Priority Tourist Destinations is analyzed, taking as reference various guidelines, standards and information sources as The National Development Plan (NDP) 2013-2018, Tourism Sector Program 2013-2018 (TSP), Identification of Tourism Potentials in Regions and Municipalities (Fascicle 8), Competitiveness Agendas of Mexico's Tourist Destinations, (IMCO), the World Economic Forum (WEF), the Alliance for Excellence in Tourism (EXCELTUR), ITESM, the Guide for Incorporation and Permanence of the Magic Towns of the Tourism Secretaríat (Sectur) with the analysis for the automation of the evaluation of the Magic Towns, INEGI, DATATUR, DENUE among others. As a result of this in-depth analysis, we reach a concentration of 2610 indicators, which are found in an indicator matrix, which can be structured in a hierarchy with a level three depth (Component, subcomponent, factor and indicator). It is necessary to reduce these indicators, so that they identify and select those that have the greatest impact on the observation of tourism development of the destination, taking into account the sustainability, competitiveness, potential and tourism performance of priority tourist destinations and magic towns. The selection of these indicators is done with an affinity diagram or K-J method (Kawakita Jiro), which allows SWOT analysis of the CAs of priority tourist destinations and magic towns and the matrix of the 2610 indicators. This work is intended to be of support and utility for the Ministry of Tourism in Mexico, so that they can build a future SWOT evaluation of tourist destinations. As well, for those who are interested in areas related to the topics presented in this handbook.It presents the development of incorporate indicators of the Priority Tourist Destinations and Magic Towns of Mexico, derived from Sectorial Project 242853 called Development of Information Systems for the Management of the Tourist Destinations of Mexico, where the analysis of the Project is detailed, until the Achievement of the technological innovation generated, through an Information System.CONACY

COVID-19 outbreaks in a transmission control scenario: challenges posed by social and leisure activities, and for workers in vulnerable conditions, Spain, early summer 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 community-wide transmission declined in Spain by early May 2020, being replaced by outbreaks and sporadic cases. From mid-June to 2 August, excluding single household outbreaks, 673 outbreaks were notified nationally, 551 active (>6,200 cases) at the time. More than half of these outbreaks and cases coincided with: (i) social (family/friends’ gatherings or leisure venues) and (ii) occupational (mainly involving workers in vulnerable conditions) settings. Control measures were accordingly applied

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality