Estudio y análisis para la optimización del sistema de producción de viviendas de Hábitat para la Humanidad Costa Rica

Proyecto de Graduación (Licenciatura en Ingeniería en Construcción) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela de Ingeniería en Construcción, 2006.The following Professional Practice investigates the productive process of Habitat for Humanity Costa Rica. This non-profit organization is recognized for granting low income families with the opportunity to obtain appropriate housing by means of credits. The objective was to analyze the internal production process of houses for the company from the perspective of costs, duration, administration, as well as control and implementation. Likewise, the four constructive systems used by Habitat Costa Rica were studied; Prenac, Concrepal, Habicon and Integral Masonry System. During the investigation, deficiencies in the organization of the company through its process of production became evident. The results propose to improve the deficiencies of the system by means of a project plan integrating aspects of outreach, human control, planning, quality, resources, cost and delivery. This project will be of great benefit for the organization and the future families that become involved if the proposals are taken into account, since it will improve the ultimate operation and delivery system.Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica. Escuela Ingeniería en Construcción

A mixed-signal integrated circuit for FM-DCSK modulation

This paper presents a mixed-signal application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for a frequency-modulated differential chaos shift keying (FM-DCSK) communication system. The chip is conceived to serve as an experimental platform for the evaluation of the FM-DCSK modulation scheme, and includes several programming features toward this goal. The operation of the ASIC is herein illustrated for a data rate of 500 kb/s and a transmission bandwidth in the range of 17 MHz. Using signals acquired from the test platform, bit error rate (BER) estimations of the overall FM-DCSK communication link have been obtained assuming wireless transmission at the 2.4-GHz ISM band. Under all tested propagation conditions, including multipath effects, the system obtains a BER = 10-3 for Eb/No lower than 28 dB.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIC2003-0235

Evaluation of the police operational tactical procedures for reducing officer injuries resulting from physical interventions in problematic arrests. The case of the Municipal Police of Cádiz (Spain)

Objectives: This paper describes some operational tactical procedures (OTP) and discusses the results of a 14-year-long study, spanning the period 2003-2016, conducted by the Municipal Police of Cadiz, Spain, which comprised 3 time periods: 2003-2006, when the officers were trained in traditional policing procedures; 2007-2013, when the officers were taught an innovative set of OTP in the form of a basic set of self-defense and arrest mechanisms, different from the traditional policing procedures that rely on martial arts and combat sports; and finally 2014-2016, when the OTP training was discontinued. The aim of this study was to improve policing and reduce officer injuries resulting from interventions in controversial or violent situations, such as problematic arrests. Material and Methods: The study involved 162 police officers and commanders of the Municipal Police of Cadiz, who were in street duty for their first time. There were 8 females and 154 males aged 24-55 years. Three OTP stages are shown as examples. Results: Based on the analysis of "training hours" and "physical interventions in problematic arrests," the results were: 1) the number of sick leaves in the police was identical according to the number of arrests, and 2) data on sick leaves show remarkable differences among the 3 periods under analysis. Conclusions: The OTP-based training substantially reduced officer sick leaves. The overall reduction in sick leaves in the period 2007-2013 was observed that cannot be ascribed to a decrease in criminal acts, and hence in police physical interventions

Spike Events Processing for Vision Systems

In this paper we briefly summarize the fundamental properties of spike events processing applied to artificial vision systems. This sensing and processing technology is capable of very high speed throughput, because it does not rely on sensing and processing sequences of frames, and because it allows for complex hierarchically structured cortical-like layers for sophisticated processing. The paper includes a few examples that have demonstrated the potential of this technology for highspeed vision processing, such as a multilayer event processing network of 5 sequential cortical-like layers, and a recognition system capable of discriminating propellers of different shape rotating at 5000 revolutions per second (300000 revolutions per minute)

Impacto de la transferencia monetaria condicionada “Familias en Acción” en la formación del capital humano en el municipio de Quibdó-Chocó

Artículo CientíficoEl objetivo de este trabajo es el analizar la relevancia de la política Colombiana de Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas enfocado en el programa Familias en Acción el cual tiene como objetivo el desarrollo del capital humano atendiendo aspectos básicos para el desarrollo integral del mismo, enfocándose en aspectos como salud y educación. El propósito de este programa es la mitigación o disminución de los índices de pobreza y pobreza extrema. Diferentes posturas han generado controversia en la aplicación y manejo de ayudas Estatales, hay quienes consideran que este tipo de asistencias estimulan el acceso a la educación y salud en poblaciones en estado de vulnerabilidad pero, los detractores de esta iniciativa consideran que se distorsiona la asignación de los recursos del Gobierno. Contextualizando el tema en el municipio de Quibdó se analiza el impacto y relevancia que ha tenido la implementación de este programa, abarcando los temas de cobertura en educación y salud desde el 2012 al 2016 y como es el efecto sobre la pobreza de este municipio así como también si hay relación o no entre estas.INTRODUCCIÓN 1. Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas – Familias en Acción 2. Capital Humano 3. Pobreza 4. Algunos Indicadores y Coyuntura Económica del Departamento del Choco 5. Metodología 6. Resultados 7. Conclusiones BIBLIOGRAFÍAPregradoEconomist

Diseño para la instrumentación y control de una variable para la caldera del laboratorio de mecatrónica

El laboratorio de Mecatrónica de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, actualmente tiene una caldera vertical pirotubular, la cual cuenta con una instrumentación análoga y en cuanto a los controles de las variables están dados como elementos electromecánicos con un sistema on/off. La caldera es de los procesos térmicos más relevantes donde están presentes todas las variables, de ahí la necesidad de realizar un diseño donde se pueda supervisar y controlar cada uno de los procesos que están presentes en el. Dada la importancia y el riesgo presente en ellas se debe garantizar que los parámetros preestablecidos siempre se mantengan, dando seguridad y confianza a quienes la operan y por ende a las instalaciones físicas donde se encuentran ubicadas

Galoisian and numerical approach of three dimensional linear differential systems with skew symmetric matrices defined in a non- constant differential field

Este trabajo contrasta métodos numéricos con métodos algebraicos aplicados ambos a la resolución de un sistema de ecuaciones diferenciales lineales 3-dimensionales con matrices antisimétricas definidas en un cuerpo diferencial no constante. Al mismo sistema se aplican métodos y algorítmos propios de la Teoría de Galois Diferencial, lo que permite resolverlo algebraicamente y métodos numéricos, en particular métodos de la familia de Runge - Kutta. Por último, se calculan los errores absolutos y relativos entre las soluciones Liouvillianas, obtenidas mediante la resolución algebraica y las soluciones obtenidas aplicando métodos numéricos.This work contrasts numerical methods with algebraic methods. These methods are applied to solve a three dimensional linear differential system with skew symmetric matrices defined in a non- constant differential field. Algorithms and methods of Differential Galois Theory, are used to provide an algebraic solution, while numerical methods, in particular, methods from Runge - Kutta family, are applied to the same system. Finally, the absolute and relative errors between Liouvillians solution are calculated comparing the solutions obtained by means of algebraic methods and by means of numerical methods.Peer Reviewe

Sedentary Time Accumulated in Bouts is Positively Associated with Disease Severity in Fibromyalgia: The Al-andalus Project

To examine the associations of prolonged sedentary time (ST) with disease severity in women with fibromyalgia, and to analyse the combined association of total ST and prolonged ST with the disease severity in this population. Women (n = 451; 51.3 +/- 7.6 years old) with fibromyalgia participated. Sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were measured using triaxial accelerometry and ST was processed into 30- and 60-min bouts. Dimensions of fibromyalgia (function, overall, symptoms) and the overall disease impact were assessed with the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR). Body fat percentage was assessed using a bio-impedance analyser, and physical fitness was assessed with the Senior Fitness Tests Battery. Greater percentage of ST in 30-min bouts and 60-min bouts were associated with worse function, overall, symptoms and the overall impact of the disease (all, P 60-min bouts) presented lower overall impact compared to participants with high levels of total ST and prolonged ST (mean difference = 6.56; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.83 to 11.29, P = 0.002). Greater percentage of ST accumulated in 30- and 60-min bouts and a combination of high levels of total and prolonged ST are related to worse disease severity. Although unable to conclude on causality, results suggest it might be advisable to motivate women with fibromyalgia to break prolonged ST and reduce their total daily ST

Inertial and Degradation Delay Model for CMOS Logic Gates

The authors present the Inertial and Degradation Delay Model (IDDM) for CMOS digital simulation. The model combines the Degradation Delay Model presented in previous papers with a new algorithm to handle the inertial effect, and is able to take account of the propagation and filtering of arbitrarily narrow pulses (glitches, etc.). The model clearly overcomes the limitations of conventional approaches