Isso tudo é um grande baile Narrativa de jogos de cenas performados por/com crianças do Ensino Fundamental

O presente artigo comunica um percurso de problematização indisciplinar de práticas socioculturais por/com crianças de uma turma de 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental I, no ano de 2010, na Rede Municipal de Vinhedo (SP). As orientações dos caminhos trilhados e da forma de ver, compreender e empreender a educação em contexto escolar tiveram forte inspiração na filosofia de Ludwig Wittgenstein, bem como em outros autores filiados a correntes de práticas pós-modernas. O citado percurso é visto como possibilidade de problematização das relações estabelecidas entre matemática e arte em contexto escolar e como modo de transgressão da condição disciplinar desses campos de conhecimento.

Nanocarrier lipid composition modulates the impact of pulmonary surfactant protein B (SP-B) on cellular delivery of siRNA

Two decades since the discovery of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, we are now witnessing the approval of the first RNAi-based treatments with small interfering RNA (siRNA) drugs. Nevertheless, the widespread use of siRNA is limited by various extra- and intracellular barriers, requiring its encapsulation in a suitable (nanosized) delivery system. On the intracellular level, the endosomal membrane is a major barrier following endocytosis of siRNA-loaded nanoparticles in target cells and innovative materials to promote cytosolic siRNA delivery are highly sought after. We previously identified the endogenous lung surfactant protein B (SP-B) as siRNA delivery enhancer when reconstituted in (proteo) lipid-coated nanogels. It is known that the surface-active function of SP-B in the lung is influenced by the lipid composition of the lung surfactant. Here, we investigated the role of the lipid component on the siRNA delivery-promoting activity of SP-B proteolipid-coated nanogels in more detail. Our results clearly indicate that SP-B prefers fluid membranes with cholesterol not exceeding physiological levels. In addition, SP-B retains its activity in the presence of different classes of anionic lipids. In contrast, comparable fractions of SP-B did not promote the siRNA delivery potential of DOTAP:DOPE cationic liposomes. Finally, we demonstrate that the beneficial effect of lung surfactant on siRNA delivery is not limited to lung-related cell types, providing broader therapeutic opportunities in other tissues as well

Effects of Habitat Conversion on Ant Functional Groups: A Global Review

Conversion of natural to anthropogenic environments affects biodiversity, and the understanding of these impacts may be improved by assessing how different functional groups respond to such land conversion. We studied land conversion impacts on ant functional groups, as ants are ecologically important and respond well to various environmental changes. We hypothesized that conversion of natural to anthropogenic environments modifies the composition of functional groups, fostering generalist and opportunistic groups over specialist ones, with more responses of this type in tropical than in temperate regions. We recovered 412 papers from ISI Web of Science, of which we selected 17 studies, published between 1993 and 2018, that addressed our study’s question. We assessed whether each functional group responded positively or negatively to conversion of natural habitat into anthropogenic land uses and used Monte Carlo tests to assess significance. Ants were affected by natural habitat conversion into monoculture and polyculture and by the conversion of savannas and of tropical and subtropical forests. Land conversion affected six of the 13 functional groups assessed here. In the temperate zone, cryptic species, predators, subordinate Camponotini, cold-climate specialists and tropical-climate specialists were impaired, whereas hot-climate specialists were favored. In the tropics, land conversion negatively impacted fungus-growers and predators. In both climatic zones, several functional groups, mainly those with broad ecological niches, did not respond to land conversion. Our results corroborate that land conversion effects vary among ant functional groups and indicate that the ant fauna of temperate ecosystems may be more susceptible than that of tropical regions

Envelhecimento da população brasileira: Conceito, Legislação e Políticas Públicas em destaque o programa Cidade Madura do Governo Estadual da Paraíba

This article describes the problem of population aging characterized as a worldwide phenomenon. In this context, it was sought to identify the governmental efforts, in the scope of the State of Paraíba, that prioritize public policies for the elderly - people over 60 years old - according to IBGE, Census, 2010, is a growing population whose tendency is to increase even more in the coming decades. The fundamental rights inherent to the elderly, health, education, citizenship, leisure and housing have been verified, if they are being offered by the State and if they comply with the legislation applied to the elderly, such as the Constitution of 1988, National Policy of the Elderly and the Statute of the Elderly, which deal with the National Policies of care for the elderly in Brazil. It was identified the institutionalization of the Madura City Program, by the Government of the State of Paraíba, implemented in 2014, whose purpose is to build condominiums equipped with basic infrastructure and adapted to house elderly people. It was concluded that there are efforts at the Federal, State and Municipal levels, but the difficulties faced by the government in putting public policies in practice to promote the well-being and dignity of the elderly have been verified. Paraíba State Government built and delivered several condominiums to house elderly people.Esse artigo descreve a problemática do envelhecimento da população, caracterizado como um fenômeno mundial. Nesse contexto buscou-se identificar os esforços governamentais, no âmbito do Estado da Paraíba, que priorizem as políticas públicas para idosos – pessoas com mais de 60 anos – conforme dados do IBGE, Censo, 2010, é uma população crescente e cuja tendência é aumentar ainda mais nas próximas décadas. Verificou-se os direitos fundamentais inerentes à pessoa idosa, saúde, educação, cidadania, lazer e habitação, se estão sendo oferecidos pelo Estado e se atendem as legislações aplicadas aos idosos, como a Constituição de 1988, Política Nacional do Idoso e o Estatuto do Idoso, os quais tratam das Políticas Nacionais de assistência aos idosos no Brasil. Identificou-se a institucionalização do Programa Cidade Madura, pelo Governo do Estado da Paraíba, implantado em 2014, cuja finalidade é construir condomínios dotados de infraestrutura básica e adaptados para abrigar pessoas idosas. Concluiu-se que há esforços nos âmbitos dos governos Federal, Estaduais e Municipais, no entanto verificou-se as dificuldades dos governantes em colocar, na prática, as políticas públicas para promover o bem estar e dignidade das pessoas idosas e apesar de recentes, o Governo do Estado da Paraíba construiu e entregou vários condomínios para abrigar pessoas idosas

UMA ANÁLISE DO DRC-MT E DAS ATIVIDADES DA PLATAFORMA APRENDIZAGEM CONECTADA À LUZ DA LEI 11.645/08: REFLEXÕES EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA

This text aims to investigate whether Law 11.645 / 08 is being addressed and implemented in official documents of the state of Mato Grosso and in the practice of teachers. Law 11,645 / 2008 alters Law 9,394 / 1996, modified by Law 10,639 / 2003, which establishes the guidelines and bases of national education to include in the official curriculum of the education network the mandatory theme “African-Brazilian history and culture and indigenous". Our corpus of analysis consists of the Conceptions for Basic Education, the section on Humanities in Elementary Education / final years of the DRC-MT and the Connected Learning Platform. Throughout this work, we studied the empirical materials from a qualitative perspective of studies on the curriculum (FONSECA, 1993), on competence and skills (VICKERY, 2016) and on law 11.645 / 05 (GOMES, 2012; MACHADO E OLIVEIRA, 2018). In this sense, we check if there are the presence of skills and knowledge objects when analyzing the Conceptions for Basic Education and if there is the presence of texts whose theme determined by the Law is included in the curriculum document. We also seek to analyze whether these skills are being proposed in the activities of the Connected Learning Platform. It was noticed that, even in the midst of the suspension of classes, due to the pandemic caused by the Coronavirus - COVID 19 and in the face of so many difficulties in accessing the internet, teachers did not fail to perform their functions effectively. The analysis developed points out that Law 11.645 / 08 is implemented in official documents, as well as in thematic units, skills and objects of knowledge, but it is still worked in a limited and superficial way.O presente texto tem como objetivo investigar se a Lei 11.645/08 está sendo abordada e implementada nos documentos oficiais do estado de Mato Grosso e na prática dos professores. A Lei 11.645/2008 altera a Lei 9.394/1996, modificada pela Lei 10.639/2003, a qual estabelece as diretrizes e bases da educação nacional para incluir no currículo oficial da rede de ensino a obrigatoriedade da temática “História e cultura afro-brasileira e indígena”. Nosso corpus de análise é constituído pelo caderno de Concepções para Educação Básica, pelo caderno da Área de Ciências Humanas do Ensino Fundamental/anos finais do DRC-MT e pela Plataforma Aprendizagem Conectada. Ao longo deste trabalho, estudamos os materiais empíricos sob uma ótica qualitativa dos estudos sobre o currículo (FONSECA, 1993), sobre a competência e as habilidades (VICKERY, 2016) e sobre a Lei 11.645/05 (GOMES, 2012; MACHADO E OLIVEIRA, 2018). Nesse sentido, verificamos se há a presença de habilidades e objetos de conhecimento ao analisarmos o caderno de Concepções para Educação Básica e se há a presença de textos cuja temática determinada pela Lei seja contemplada no documento curricular. Também procuramos analisar se essas habilidades estão sendo propostas nas atividades da Plataforma Aprendizagem Conectada. Percebeu-se que, mesmo em meio à suspensão das aulas, em decorrência da pandemia provocada pelo Coronavírus – COVID-19 – e diante de tantas dificuldades de acesso à internet, os professores não deixaram de desempenhar suas funções com efetividade. A análise desenvolvida aponta que a Lei 11.645/08 é implementada nos documentos oficiais, assim como, nas unidades temáticas, habilidades e objetos de conhecimento, mas ainda é trabalhada de maneira limitada e superficialmente

Functional capacity and associated factors among longevous senior individuals living in community: a population study in Northeastern Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência do comprometimento da capacidade funcional e os fatores associados em idosos longevos de um município do interior do Nordeste brasileiro. Trata-se de um estudo com delineamento transversal, de base populacional e comunitária. A opulação foi composta por idosos com idades ≥80 anos, moradores da zona urbana de Lafaiete Coutinho, na Bahia. A coleta de dados foi domiciliar por meio de questionário com informações da capacidade funcional, socioeconômicas e demográficas e condições de saúde/fatores comportamentais. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir da regressão logística multinomial, adotando-se nível de significância de 5%. Foram entrevistados 94 idosos com média de 86,1 anos (±6,39), sendo 59,6% do sexo feminino. Dos idosos longevos, 19,1% foram considerados independentes para atividades instrumentais e básicas da vida diária, 56,2% dependentes apenas nas atividades instrumentais da vida diária e 24,7% dependentes em atividades básicas e instrumentais da vida diária. Verificou-se associação entre comprometimento da capacidade funcional, tanto para atividades básicas da vida diária quanto para as instrumentais, e as variáveis sexo e uso de medicamentos; e entre a variável raça/cor e dependência para atividades instrumentais da vida diária. Foi possível concluir que houve alta prevalência (80,9%) de idosos longevos dependentes para as atividades instrumentais e/ou básicas da vida diária, e que o comprometimento da capacidade funcional em idosos longevos associou-se ao sexo feminino, à raça/cor não branca e ao uso de um ou mais medicamentos.The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of impaired functional capacity and the associated factors in longevous elderly individuals from a city in the countryside of Northeastern Brazil. This is a cross-sectional, population- and community-based study. The research population consisted of senior citizens aged ≥80 years old, residents of the urban area of ​​Lafaiete Coutinho, Bahia, Brazil. Data were collected in the households through a questionnaire with information on functional, socioeconomic, and demographic aspects and health/behavioral factors. Data analysis was performed using multinomial logistic regression at a significance level of 5%. A total of 94 senior citizens, whose average age was 86.1 years old (±6.39), whereof 59.6% were female, were interviewed. Among the longevous senior individuals, 19.1% were considered independent to instrumental and basic activities of daily living, whereas 56.2% were considered as dependent to instrumental activities of daily living, and 24.7% to both basic and instrumental activities of daily living. There has been an association between impaired functional capacity, both for basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and the variables referring to sex and drug use; another one was between race/color and instrumental activities of daily living dependence. We got to the conclusion that there was high prevalence (80.9%) of longevous senior citizens who depend on instrumental and basic activities of daily living. Also, the impairment of functional capacity on longevous senior citizens was associated with female sex, non-white race/color, and use of one or more drugs.El objetivo de eso estudio fue determinar la prevalencia del comprometimiento de la capacidad funcional y los factores asociados en ancianos longevos de una municipalidad del interior del Noreste brasileño. Es un estudio con diseño trasversal, de base poblacional y comunitaria. La populación incluyó ancianos con edades ≥80 años, los cuales viven en la región urbana de Lafaiete Coutinho, Bahia, Brasil. La recolección de datos fue domiciliar por medio de cuestionario con informaciones cuanto al capacidad funcional o socioeconómica y demográfica y las condiciones de salud o factores comportamentales. El análisis de datos fue realizado desde la regresión logística multinomial, con un nivel de significancia del 5%. Se entrevistaron 94 ancianos con media de 86,1 años (±6,39), un 56,9% como género femenino. De los ancianos longevos, el 19,1% fueron considerados independientes para actividades instrumentales y básicas de vida cotidiana, un 56,2% eran dependientes solo en las actividades instrumentales de vida cotidiana y el 24,7% eran dependientes en actividades básicas e instrumentales de vida cotidiana. Se verificó una asociación entre comprometimiento de la capacidad funcional para las actividades básicas de vida cotidiana y para las instrumentales, y las variables género y uso de medicamentos; y entre la variable raza/color y dependencia para actividades instrumentales de vida cotidiana. Por lo tanto, se concluso que hubo alta prevalencia (un 80,9%) de ancianos longevos dependientes para las actividades instrumentales y/o básicas de vida cotidiana y que el comprometimiento de la capacidad funcional en ancianos longevos se asoció al género femenino, a la raza/color no blanca y al uso de uno o más medicamentos

Sex workers' peer support during the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned from a study of a portuguese community-led response

To respond to the consequences felt by the COVID-19 pandemic, a community-led intervention was developed by the Portuguese national Movement of Sex Workers. With this exploratory study, we aimed to document their work and analyze their perceptions of this impact. To do so, we interviewed them individually, between May and August of 2020. Additionally, we analysed an Excel Sheet that contained the needs assessment and the support provided by the Movement. The content analysis of both suggests that the impact of the pandemic might have been exacerbated by the social inequalities caused by the prostitution stigma and characteristics such as gender, migration status, race, and socioeconomic status. This study calls for the inclusion of sex workers’ voices in the design of policies and responses related to the commerce of sex. The consolidation of a Portuguese Movement of Sex Workers is also noted

Student training policy in ideal time in the degree courses of UFT: theoretical-practical aspects

The present study aimed to map the student training in ideal time in the Degree Courses of UFT. The research involved the bibliographic and documentary study and allowed us to observe that in the logic of economic-mercantilist nature, the teacher training courses of Brazilian public universities also have been impacting to a large extent the teaching training process within the scope of UFT. The data collected revealed that most of the students of UFT Degrees do not graduate in ideal time, not even in the maximum time allowed, since in large part they drop out of the courses before their completion. These data seem to suggest the need to restructure the process of teacher training in UFT, to ensure material conditions of access and permanence for students and to improve the conditions for carrying out the pedagogical work, in addition to valuing the teaching work in the process of education, research, extension and management

Stress during the covid-19 pandemic: unusual challenges for university professors

Objetivo: Investigar os fatores relacionados aos níveis de estresse desencadeados durante a pandemia de COVID-19 e à qualidade de vida (QV) em professores universitários. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 318 docentes de instituições de ensino superior públicas e privadas do Maranhão, Brasil. A coleta de dados incluiu um questionário sociodemográfico, as versões brasileiras da Escala de Estresse Percebido (PSS) e o Instrumento Abreviado de Avaliação da QV da Organização Mundial da Saúde (WHOQOL-bref). As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com testes T de Student e Análise de Variância com post-hoc de Duncan. Resultados: de acordo com os resultados da avaliação da pontuação dos professores, os níveis de estresse percebido foram classificados como normal (n = 166, 52,2%), moderado (n = 126, 39,6%) e alto (n = 26, 8, 2%), com uma média de 26,6 (± 10,5). A QV teve uma média geral de 56,4 (± 13,0). Entre os domínios da QV, o físico apresentou a maior média com 66,1 (± 17,7), enquanto a menor média foi no domínio social com 55,8 (± 14,8). Conclusão: Os fatores que influenciaram os níveis de estresse no grupo participante foram o sexo feminino com idade entre 31 e 40 anos, ter filho e não exercer prática religiosa frequente.Objective: Investigate the factors related to the stress levels triggered during the COVID-19 pandemic and the quality of life (QOL) of university professors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 318 professors from private and public higher education institutions in Maranhão, Brazil. Data collection included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian versions of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Abbreviated World Health OrganizationQOL Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-bref). Statistical analyses were performed with Student’s T-test and Analysis of Variance with Duncan’s post-hoc. Results: according to the results of the professor score assessment, perceived stress levels were classified as normal (n = 166, 52.2%), moderate (n = 126, 39.6%), and high (n = 26, 8, 2%), with an average of 26.6 (± 10.5). QOL had an overall average of 56.4 (± 13.0). Among the QOL domains, the physical had the highest mean with 66.1 (± 17.7), while the lowest mean was in the social domain with 55.8 (± 14.8). Conclusion: The factors that influenced the stress levels were being female with age between 31 and 40years old, those who had a child, and those who did not perform a frequent religious practice

17b-Estradiol, a potential ally to alleviate SARS-CoV- 2 infection

Considering that female sexual hormones may modulate the inflammatory response and also exhibit direct effects on the cells of the immune system, herein, we intend to discuss the sex differences and the role of estradiol in modulating the lung and systemic inflammatory response, focusing on its possible application as a treatment modality for SARS-CoV-2 patients. COVID-19 patients develop severe hypoxemia early in the course of the disease, which is silent most of the time. Small fibrinous thrombi in pulmonary arterioles and a tumefaction of endothelial were observed in the autopsies of fatal COVID-19 cases. Studies showed that the viral infection induces a vascular process in the lung, which included vasodilation and endothelial dysfunction. Further, the proportions of CD4 + T and CD8 + T lymphocytes were strongly reduced in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Estradiol is connected with CD4 + T cell numbers and increases T-reg cell populations, affecting immune responses to infection. It is known that estradiol exerts a protective effect on endothelial function, activating the generation of nitric oxide (NO) via endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Estrogen attenuates the vasoconstrictor response to various stimuli and induces vasodilation in the pulmonary vasculature during stress situations like hypoxia. It exerts a variety of rapid actions, which are initiated after its coupling with membrane receptors, which in turn, may positively modulate vascular responses in pulmonary disease and help to maintain microvascular flow. Direct and indirect mechanisms underlying the effects of estradiol were investigated, and the results point to a possible protective effect of estradiol against COVID-19, indicating that it may be considered as an adjuvant therapeutic element for the treatment of patients affected by the novel coronavi