BRIDGING THE GAP - EXPLORING ELDERLY CITIZENS\u27 PERCEPTIONS OF DIGITAL EXCLUSION

Digital exclusion of elderly citizens is a main contributor for poor uptake of public e-service. The situa-tion is alarming since elderly citizens are a major target for many upcoming services provided by gov-ernments, such as online health care services. Playing an important role in a sustainable society, gov-ernments should always strive towards increased efficiency and effectivity in order for publicly founded resources to be better used. However, sustainable development of public e-services is problematic if the intended receivers of such services are excluded from, or do not want to use them. In order to address this problematic situation we need to know more about elderly citizens’ perceptions of why they are digitally excluded. We add to existing research by providing a large sample of empirical data explain-ing elderly citizens’ own perceptions about why they are digitally excluded. Furthermore, we present how these perceptions can be categorised and also how they relate in between. Such findings may serve as a basis for how to deal with these problems in order to enhance digital inclusion of elderly citizens, which in the long run may enhance their uptake of public e-service

UNDERSTANDING BUSINESS EMPLOYEES\u27 CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATING IN PUBLIC E-SERVICE DEVELOPMENT

Today there is an increased interest in user participation in development of public e-services, since it is expected to bring similar value as it has done in other types of systems development. Existing research, however, has shown that introducing user participation to public e-service development is associated with a number of challenges. In this paper we have explored three user participation schools, Participatory Design, User Centered Design and User Innovation, with regard to two challenges: a) businesses employees current mandate and willingness to participate in public e-service development and b) business employees ability to participate in public e-service development. Our interview results show that businesses employees do have mandate to participate and also want to do so. Moreover, business employees ability to participate is high with respect to ICT knowledge but rather low with respect to knowledge regarding public authorities business processes. In addition, their knowledge about laws and regulations that affect public authorities is limited. Altogether, this limits the possibilities to apply user participation schools, such as User Innovation, which rely on a high degree of user-responsibility in identifying problems and solutions

NOT ANOTHER NEW WINE IN THE SAME OLD BOTTLES – MOTIVATORS AND INNOVATION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT E-SERVICE DEVELOPMENT

E-services hold the potential to innovate how the public sector operates, and to increase the transparency of public services. Numerous research initiatives have illustrated the innovation power of e-services; with new technology and new solutions to existing problems. Research on this topic also emphasizes that in order for public e-services to reach their full potential, they need to be designed in a way that users find useful and beneficiary. Interestingly, in practice, only fragments of this claimed innovation seem to take place. Today, most public e-services launched are merely electronic versions of existing services with no, or very low, degree of innovation. In this paper, we analyse empirical data from local government e-service providers. The aim is to explore the current practices in local government e-service development with respect to how aspects related to innovative and high quality service provisioning are handled. In doing so, we analyse what basic motivators there are for local governments to offer e-services in the first place, and how such motivators influence innovation in local government e-service development. The analysis concludes that local governments are facing a challenging situation in terms of a general lack of resources regarding time, competence, and skills, as well as a dispersed user segment where needs and wills often are hard to grasp. Furthermore, local governments are facing conflicting interests and agendas. At the end of the day, the heights of innovation are then hard to achieve. We call for further research on the applicability of previous research findings in other research areas in order to promote more innovative e-service provisioning

Data warehouse development : An opportunity for business process improvement

Many of today’s organizations are striving to find ways to make faster and better decisions about their business. One way to achieve this is to develop a data warehouse, offering novel features such as data mining and ad hoc querying on data collected and integrated from many of the computerized systems used in the organization. A data warehouse is of vital interest for decision makers and may reduce uncertainty in decision making. The relationship between data warehousing and business processes may be used at the pre-deployment stage of a data warehouse project, i.e. during the actual development of the data warehouse, as an opportunity to change business processes in an organization. This may then result in improved business processes that in turn may result in a better performing data warehouse. By focusing on the pre-deployment stage instead of the post-deployment stage, we believe that the costs for development will decrease, since needs for changes detected early in a development project probably will be detected anyway, but in a later stage where changes in the business processes may cause a need to restructure the finished data warehouse. We are therefore interested in which factors that may cause a need for changes in the business processes during the pre-deployment stage of a data warehouse project, the types of business processes affected, and also if there is any correspondence between factors that trigger changes and business processes affected. Based on a literature survey and an interview study, general triggering factors to change business processes have been identified, such as needs for new organizational knowledge and for prioritization of goals etc. We have also found that needs for changes more often concern supporting processes than other types of business processes. We have also found a general correspondence at a type level between triggering factors and affected business processes. In combination with the results and conclusions presented, we have also identified propositions for future work, which will refine and confirm the ideas presented here

OMT-A : Praktisk utvärdering m.a.p verksamhetsregler

En aktiv databas har förmåga att reagera på tillstånd och händelser i databasen. Hur databasen reagerar beror på hur dess ECA-regler är utformade. ECA-regler kan framställas genom att analysera verksamhetsregler, som beskriver riktlinjer och restriktioner för processer i verksamheten. Dock saknas ett enkelt sätt att modellera verksamhetsregler för att framställa ECA-regler. Ett möjligt sätt att skapa modeller är att använda OMT-A och UML-notationen. Rapporten beskriver en praktisk utvärdering av OMT-A och UML-notationen med avseende på att skapa modeller av verksamhetsregler som kan implementeras som ECA-regler. Styrkan i OMT-A kombinerat med UML är att modellerna blir enkla, lätta att spåra, samt uttrycker regler fullständigt. Svagheter är modeller av sammansatta händelser som tenderar att bli onödigt komplexa. En jämförelse görs med andra sätt att skapa modeller av verksamhetsregler. Resultatet är att OMT-A och UML mycket väl kan ersätta andra befintliga metoder

Public e-service development : Understanding citizens' conditions for participation

For decades, user participation has brought value to various systems development projects. Today, there are expectations that public e-service development will experience the same benefits. However, existing research has shown that introducing user participation into public e-service development can be challenging. In this study, we interviewed citizens in order to explore their willingness and ability to participate in public e-service development according to three user participation schools: User-Centred Design, Participatory Design and User Innovation. Our findings show that citizens in general are willing to participate, but their ability to do so is limited. Based on our findings, we developed nine propositions to explain citizens' willingness and ability to participate in public e-service development. The propositions contribute to practice by acting as a tentative guide for systems developers when they use user participation schools as inspiration in public e-service projects. They also act as a starting point for future research into conditions for user participation in public e-service development

Ökat digitalt innanförskap för äldre : Trelleborg

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