Influencia de la tasa de dosis absorbida en el tratamiento del melanoma de uvea posterior con braquiterapia epiescleral

Objetivo: Estudiar los resultados del tratamiento de la braquiterapia epiescleral en pacientes con melanoma uveal según la tasa de dosis empleada. Metodología. Se incluyen 239 pacientes tratados con braquiterapia con 125I, separados en dos grupos según la mediana de tasa de dosis. Se modelan mediante mínimos cuadrados la regresión visual y la altura del tumor. Se estudia mediante el método de Kaplan-Meier y la regresión de Cox, la preservación de la visión, el globo ocular y la supervivencia y el control local y sistémico. Resultados. Los pacientes tratados con tasas de dosis altas tienen mejores resultados en cuanto a la regresión de la función visual, la regresión tumoral y la conservación del globo ocular. Conclusiones. Las tasas de dosis altas tienen efectos beneficiosos para el paciente sobre las bajas. Si es necesario, el tratamiento con tasas de dosis más bajas puede realizarse sin comprometer el control local ni la supervivenciaInstituto Universitario de Oftalmobiología Aplicad

Experimental study of speciation and mechanistic implications when using chelating ligands in aryl-alkynyl Stille coupling

Producción CientíficaNeutral palladium(II) complexes [Pd(Rf)X(P–L)] (Rf = 3,5-C6Cl2F3, X = Cl, I, OTf) with P–P (dppe and dppf) and P–N (PPh2(bzN)) ligands have chelated structures in the solid-state, except for P–L = dppf and X = Cl, were chelated and dimeric bridged structures are found. The species present in solution in different solvents (CDCl3, THF, NMP and HMPA) have been characterised by 19F and 31P{1H} NMR and conductivity studies. Some [Pd(Rf)X(P–L)] complexes are involved in equilibria with [Pd(Rf)(solv)(P–L)]X, depending on the solvent and X. The ΔH° and ΔS° values of these equilibria explain the variations of ionic vs. neutral complexes in the range 183–293 K. Overall the order of coordination strength of solvents and anionic ligands is: HMPA ≫ NMP > THF and I−, Cl− > TfO−. This coordination preference is determining the complexes participating in the alkynyl transmetalation from PhC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CSnBu3 to [Pd(Rf)X(P–L)] (X = OTf, I) in THF and subsequent coupling. Very different reaction rates and stability of intermediates are observed for similar complexes, revealing neglected complexities that catalytic cycles have to deal with. Rich information on the evolution of these Stille systems after transmetalation has been obtained that leads to proposal of a common behaviour for complexes with dppe and PPh2(bzN), but a different evolution for the complexes with dppf: this difference leads the latter to produce PhC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CRf and black Pd, whereas the two former yield PhC[triple bond, length as m-dash]CRf and [Pd(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CPh)(SnBu3)(dppe)] or [Pd(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CPh)(SnBu3){PPh2(bzN)}].Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (projects CTQ2016-80913-P and CTQ2017-89217-P)Junta de Castilla y León (project VA062G18, UIC 176

Simultaneous infections by different Salmonella strains in mesenteric lymph nodes of finishing pigs

Background: Salmonellosis is a major worldwide zoonosis, and Salmonella-infected finishing pigs are considered one of the major sources of human infections in developed countries. Baseline studies on salmonellosis prevalence in fattening pigs in Europe are based on direct pathogen isolation from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). This procedure is considered the most reliable for diagnosing salmonellosis in apparently healthy pigs. The presence of simultaneous infections by different Salmonella strains in the same animal has never been reported and could have important epidemiological implications. Results: Fourteen finishing pigs belonging to 14 farms that showed high salmonellosis prevalence and a variety of circulating Salmonella strains, were found infected by Salmonella spp, and 7 of them were simultaneously infected with strains of 2 or 3 different serotypes. Typhimurium isolates showing resistance to several antimicrobials and carrying mobile integrons were the most frequently identified in the colonized MLN. Four animals were found infected by Salmonella spp. of a single serotype (Rissen or Derby) but showing 2 or 3 different antimicrobial resistance profiles, without evidence of mobile genetic element exchange in vivo. Conclusion: This is the first report clearly demonstrating that pigs naturally infected by Salmonella may harbour different Salmonella strains simultaneously. This may have implications in the interpretation of results from baseline studies, and also help to better understand human salmonellosis outbreaks and the horizontal transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes.The work was financed by Gobierno de Navarra (project reference IIQ14064.RI1) and INIA (project reference RTA2007-65). Contracts were funded by UPNA (VG postdoctoral contract, and AZB predoctoral fellowship), EMUNDUS18 program (SS) and CSIC in collaboration with the European Social Fund (BSR “Programa JAE-Doc” contract)

H- ras deletion protects against angiotensin II-induced arterial hypertension and cardiac remodeling through protein kinase G-Ibeta pathway activation

15 p.Ras proteins regulate cell survival, growth, differentiation, blood pressure, and fibrosis in some organs.We have demonstrated that H-rasgene deletion produces mice hypotensionviaa soluble guanylate cyclase-proteinkinase G (PKG)–dependent mechanism. In this study, we analyzed the consequences of H-rasdeletiononcardiacremodeling induced by continuous angiotensin II (AngII) infusion and the molecular mechanisms implied. Leftventricular posterior wall thickness and mass and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area were similar between AngII-treated H-Ras knockout (H-ras2/2) and control wild-type (H-ras+/+) mice, as were extracellular matrix proteinexpression. Increased cardiac PKG-Ibprotein expression in H-ras2/2mice suggests the involvement of this proteinin heart protection.Ex vivoexperiments on cardiac explants could support this mechanism, as PKG blockadeblunted protection against AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis markers in H-ras2/2mice. Geneticmodulation studies in cardiomyocytes and cardiac and embryonic fibroblasts revealed that the lack of H-Ras down-regulates the B-RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, which induces the glycogen synthase kinase-3b-dependent activation ofthe transcription factor, cAMP response element-binding protein, which is responsible for PKG-Iboverexpressionin H-ras2/2mouse embryonic fibroblasts. This study demonstrates that H-rasdeletion protects against AngII-induced cardiac remodeling, possiblyviaa mechanism in which PKG-Iboverexpression could play a partial role, andpoints to H-Ras and/or downstream proteins as potential therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease.Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIUniversidad de AlcaláFundación SenefroFEDE

Vocational education student’s and teacher’s perceptions about responsibility through adventure program and responsibility Hellison’s mode

El desarrollo de competencias personales y socialesen el alumnado del ciclo formativo de Conducción de Actividades Físico-Deportivas en el Medio Natu-ral (CAFD), es un objetivo del currículo que es nece-sario promover de forma sistemática. En el presenteestudio, se ha implementado un programabasado en el modelo de responsabilidad personal y social de Hellison (2011), junto con la pedagogía de la aven-tura (Parra, Caballero y Domínguez, 2009), para promover el desarrollo de la responsabilidad (defi-nida según el programa en 5 niveles de responsabi-lidad, asociada a diferentes habilidades personales y sociales) a través de las actividades físicas en elmedio natural. El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer la percepción del alumnado y del profeso-rado de CAFD, sobre el desarrollo de la responsabili-dad. El programa se implementó durante 5 meses, 15 horas a la semana, por tres profesores, en tres módulos profesionales diferentes. El instrumento empleado fue el cuestionario de evaluación del aprendizaje del alumno (ad hoc), en la versión del alumnado y en la del profesorado, que se empleó aplicó tras la intervención (Caballero, 2012; Caballe-ro-Blanco y Delgado-Noguera, 2014). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que tanto el alumnado como el profesorado han percibido una evolución positiva encuanto al desarrollo de la responsabilidad (asociada a los 5 niveles de responsabilidad). Por tanto, es posible concluir que el programa ha generado una percepción positiva sobre el desarrollo de la respon-sabilidad en alumnos del ciclo formativo de CAFD.To develop students’s personal and social skills about the vocational education qualifications on outdoor activities (CAFD) is the principal aim of the curricular programme. In this study, we were im-plemented a program based on personal and social responsibility Hellison’ model (2011), complementedwith an adventure pedagogy (Parra, Caballero y Domínguez, 2009), to promote the responsibility (defined in 5 responsibility levels), associate to dif-ferences personal and social skills). The purpose of this study was to assess the vocational education outdoor activities student’s and teacher’s CAFD perceptions about to responsibility development. The program was implemented a long five months, which meant 15 hours per week, by three teachers in three different professional modules. The instru-ment used was the questionnaire to assess the learning perceptions (ad hoc), by student’s versionand teacher’s version, applied after the program (Caballero, 2012; Caballero-Blanco y Delgado-Noguera, 2014). The results obtained show that students and teachers has perceived a positive trend about responsibility development (associate to 5 responsibility levels). Therefore, it is possible con-cluded that the program has developed positive effects on CAFD’s student

HGF, IL-1α, and IL-27 Are Robust Biomarkers in Early Severity Stratification of COVID-19 Patients

Producción CientíficaPneumonia is the leading cause of hospital admission and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to identify the cytokines responsible for lung damage and mortality. We prospectively recruited 108 COVID-19 patients between March and April 2020 and divided them into four groups according to the severity of respiratory symptoms. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers were used for normalization of the results. Multiple cytokines showed statistically significant differences between mild and critical patients. High HGF levels were associated with the critical group (OR = 3.51; p < 0.001; 95%CI = 1.95–6.33). Moreover, high IL-1α (OR = 1.36; p = 0.01; 95%CI = 1.07–1.73) and low IL-27 (OR = 0.58; p < 0.005; 95%CI = 0.39–0.85) greatly increased the risk of ending up in the severe group. This model was especially sensitive in order to predict critical status (AUC = 0.794; specificity = 69.74%; sensitivity = 81.25%). Furthermore, high levels of HGF and IL-1α showed significant results in the survival analysis (p = 0.033 and p = 0.011, respectively). HGF, IL-1α, and IL 27 at hospital admission were strongly associated with severe/critical COVID-19 patients and therefore are excellent predictors of bad prognosis. HGF and IL-1α were also mortality biomarkers.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant COV20/00491

Intensive care unit discharge to the ward with a tracheostomy cannula as a risk factor for mortality: A prospective, multicenter propensity analysis

To analyze the impact of decannulation before intensive care unit discharge on ward survival in nonexperimental conditions. DESIGN: Prospective, observational survey. SETTING: Thirty-one intensive care units throughout Spain. PATIENTS: All patients admitted from March 1, 2008 to May 31, 2008. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At intensive care unit discharge, we recorded demographic variables, severity score, and intensive care unit treatments, with special attention to tracheostomy. After intensive care unit discharge, we recorded intensive care unit readmission and hospital survival. STATISTICS: Multivariate analyses for ward mortality, with Cox proportional hazard ratio adjusted for propensity score for intensive care unit decannulation. We included 4,132 patients, 1,996 of whom needed mechanical ventilation. Of these, 260 (13%) were tracheostomized and 59 (23%) died in the intensive care unit. Of the 201 intensive care unit tracheostomized survivors, 60 were decannulated in the intensive care unit and 141 were discharged to the ward with cannulae in place. Variables associated with intensive care unit decannulation (non-neurologic disease [85% vs. 64%], vasoactive drugs [90% vs. 76%], parenteral nutrition [55% vs. 33%], acute renal failure [37% vs. 23%], and good prognosis at intensive care unit discharge [40% vs. 18%]) were included in a propensity score model for decannulation. Crude ward mortality was similar in decannulated and nondecannulated patients (22% vs. 23%); however, after adjustment for the propensity score and Sabadell Score, the presence of a tracheostomy cannula was not associated with any survival disadvantage with an odds ratio of 0.6 [0.3-1.2] (p=.1). CONCLUSION: In our multicenter setting, intensive care unit discharge before decannulation is not a risk factor

Revealing prevalent cancers by interrogating glycoproteins with sustainable immunoelectrochemical tools

Trabajo presentado en el 4th European Biosensor Symposium, celebrado en Aquisgrán (Alemania), del 27 al 30 de agosto de 2023Introduction. The worldwide incidence and death toll of colorectal and pancreatic cancers (CRC and PDAC) have increased considerably since 1990. For this reason, both early detection and regular follow-up are considered key factors in improving patient prognosis. In this sense, the determination of the total content of specific proteins and their aberrantly glycosylated fraction in oncologic processes could help to achieve the proposed goals. Results and Discussion. In this work, two simple but highly competitive electrochemical immunoplatforms for the determination of total and glycosylated post-translational modified haptoglobin (Hp) [1], and CA19-9 [2] (candidate biomarkers associated with colorectal and pancreatic cancer, respectively) are presented. As seen in Figure 1, these biotools are uplifted in the use of magnetic immunocaptors and another antibody or a lectin as detector elements lastly labeled with HRP, which enables subsequent amperometric detection. The presented bioplatforms exhibit attractive characteristics in terms of simplicity, affordability, and point-of-care application compared to the conventional available methodologies, highlighting low detection limits (0.07 and 0.46 ng mL¿1 for total and glycosylated Hp, respectively, and 1.5 U mL¿1 for CA19-9), and short assay times (< 2 h). The workability of these quantitative bioplatforms for the analysis of secretomes from cultured CRC cells with the distinct potential to metastasize (Hp) or serum samples from healthy and PDAC-diagnosed subjects (CA19-9) was assessed to definitely confirm full exploitation of all the above exposed enticing attributes. Conclusions. Our findings clearly revealed the unquestionable ability of these modern electrochemical immunoplatforms to discriminate between healthy and cancer-diagnosed subjects, as well as to assess disease progression, positioning these simple but effective methodologies as advanced electroanalytical tools with proven real biomedical applications, and the hope of aiding in the accurate diagnosis of prevalent and high mortality cancers

Metodología de la ecoinnovación PDCA, aplicada al prototipo de fachada vegetal aljibe Naturpanel en el Proyecto SOS-Natura

Este artículo expone la metodología de trabajo desarrollada en las investigaciones del Departamento de Construcción y Tecnología Arquitectónicas de la UPM, basada en el concepto de ecoinnovación, y en la normativa AENOR de Ecodiseño (UNE-EN ISO 14006), en normativas relacionadas como la UNE-EN ISO 9001 y 14001, entre otras. Dicha metodología considera los aspectos medioambientales desde las primeras fases de la investigación, para aumentar la ecoeficiencia de las propuestas producidas, de manera que satisfagan las necesidades humanas y proporcionen una mejor calidad de vida, a la vez que reduzcan progresivamente los impactos ambientales y la intensidad de consumo de recursos a lo largo de su ciclo de vida, hasta un nivel, al menos, en línea con la capacidad de asimilación de la Tierra. El objetivo de esta comunicación es explicar y dar a conocer, mediante ejemplos concretos, dicha metodología; los beneficios de la misma y cómo influye su utilización en el diseño arquitectónico de fachadas vegetales