Análisis de la mortalidad en pacientes con fracturas subcapitales de cadera

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un estudio analítico restrospectivo de la mortalidad de una serie de 528 fracturas subcapitales de cadera en 523 pacientes tratados en nuestro centro mediante prótesis cérvico-cefálica cementada durante el periodo de 1978-1986. De estos 523 pacientes, 190 (36%) habían fallecido en el momento de realizar el estudio. Hemos analizado la mortalidad hospitalaria, 47 casos (9%) y 6 meses después de la intervención, 104 (20%). Se han demostrado como factores de alto riesgo: edad superior a 85 años, presentar tres o más enfermedades asociadas, complicaciones generales en el postoperatorio (escaras, tromboembolismo pulmonar, infarto agudo de miocardio, neumonía, etc.) complicaciones locales como la luxación de la prótesis y finalmente, una demora en la intervención superior a 6 días.We report a retrospective study analyzing the mortality of 528 femoral neck fractures in 523 patients treated with Thompson or Cathcart prosthesis during the period 1978-1986. The hospital mortality was 9% (47 cases) and 20% (104 cases) the mortality and six-months after surgery. High risk factors, were found to be: age more than 85 years-old, three o more preoperative illness, postoperative general complications (Pulmonar tromboembolism, Acute myocardial infarction, sores, pneumonia), dislocation of the prosthesis and a more than 6 days delay surgery

MicroRNAs in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide, currently representing the most common gastrointestinal cancer with 13% of all malignant tumors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that repress the translation of target genes. Since their discovery, they have been shown to play an important role in the development of cancer, since they can act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. A literature review was performed in different databases such as Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, nature, Wolters Kluwer, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library. Studies were included from 2003 to 2018. Colorectal cancer presents genetic heterogeneity, because it can develop in different ways, the pathway through which cancer occurs depends on the gene initially altered. The aberrant expression of microRNAs is implicated in the development of colorectal cancer and its progression. Three existing steps in the maturation of the microRNAs have been identified: 1) transcription of the pri-miRNA, 2) cleavage in the nucleus to form the pre-miRNA and 3) a final excision in the cytoplasm to form the mature microRNA. It has been discovered that miRNAs have an impact on cell proliferation, apoptosis, stress response, maintenance of stem cell potency and metabolism, all important factors in the etiology of cancer. The data analyzed in this article highlights the importance of the study of microRNAs in colorectal cancer, however, for the carcinogenic process, progression, therapeutic management and prognosis, more multicenter randomized clinical trials are needed with a detailed analysis

Digital Implementation of FIR Filters for the Minimize of Optical and Optoelectronic Noise of an Optical Scanning System.

[EN] There are different devices capable of discriminating optical and optoelectronic noise, however, the cost of its implementation and maintenance is expensive. This paper examines the possibility of digitally integrating Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters into the transducer of an OSS systems to obtain better performance in a real operating environment. In this paper we propose the evaluation of the implementation of different FIR filters in different photo-sensors transducers, such as the Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR) and the Light Emitting Diode (LED).[ES] Existen distintos dispositivos capaces de discriminar el ruido óptico y optoelectrónico, sin embargo, el costo de su implementación y mantenimiento resulta costoso. Este trabajo examina la posibilidad de integrar digitalmente filtros de respuesta finita al impulso (en inglés, FIR; Finite Impulse Response) al transductor de un sistema OSS para obtener un mejor rendimiento en un ambiente real de operación. En este trabajo se propone la evaluación de la implementación de distintos filtros FIR en diferentes transductores fotosensores como lo son el resistor dependiente de luz (en inglés, LDR; Light-Dependent Resistor) y el diodo emisor de luz (en inglés, LED; Light-Emitting Diode).Miranda-Vega, JE.; Rivas-López, M.; Flores-Fuentes, W.; Sergiyenko, O.; Lindner, L.; Rodríguez-Quiñonez, JC. (2019). Implementación digital de filtros FIR para la minimización del ruido óptico y optoelectrónico de un sistema de barrido óptico. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática. 16(3):344-357. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2019.10210SWORD34435716

Abnormalities on 1q and 7q are associated with poor outcome in sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma. A cytogenetic and comparative genomic hybridization study

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) studies have demonstrated a high incidence of chromosomal imbalances in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. However, the information on the genomic imbalances in Burkitt's Lymphoma (BL) is scanty. Conventional cytogenetics was performed in 34 cases, and long-distance PCR for t(8;14) was performed in 18 cases. A total of 170 changes were present with a median of four changes per case (range 1-22). Gains of chromosomal material (143) were more frequent than amplifications (5) or losses (22). The most frequent aberrations were gains on chromosomes 12q (26%), Xq (22%), 22q (20%), 20q (17%) and 9q (15%). Losses predominantly involved chromosomes 13q (17%) and 4q (9%). High-level amplifications were present in the regions 1q23-31 (three cases), 6p12-p25 and 8p22-p23. Upon comparing BL vs Burkitt's cell leukemia (BCL), the latter had more changes (mean 4.3 +/- 2.2) than BL (mean 2.7 +/- 3.2). In addition, BCL cases showed more frequently gains on 8q, 9q, 14q, 20q, and 20q, 9q, 8q and 14q, as well as losses on 13q and 4q. Concerning outcome, the presence of abnormalities on 1q (ascertained either by cytogenetics or by CGH), and imbalances on 7q (P=0.01) were associated with a short survival

Synthesis and behavior of novel sulfonated water-soluble N-heterocyclic carbene (η4-diene) platinum(0) complexes

A series of water-soluble (NHC)Pt(0)(dvtms) and (NHC)Pt(0)(AE) complexes containing different sulfonated NHC ligands (dvtms = divinyltetramethyldisiloxane and AE = diallyl ether) are reported. The dvtms compounds have been found to be quite robust and to display some conformational rigidity, whereas their AE counterparts are less stable and more flexible. The catalytic evaluation of these complexes in the hydrosilylation of alkynes in water revealed no benefits in favor of the complexes containing the more labile spectator diene (AE), and a fairly regular catalytic behavior for all complexes that restricts the location of the sulfonate group to the proximity of the metal site.Fil: Ruiz Varilla, Andrea M.. Universidad de Alcala. Facultad de Ciencias; EspañaFil: Baquero, Edwin A.. Universidad de Alcala. Facultad de Ciencias; EspañaFil: Silbestri, Gustavo Fabián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Química del Sur; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez Arellano, Camino. Universidad de Alcala. Facultad de Ciencias; EspañaFil: de Jesús, Ernesto. Universidad de Alcala. Facultad de Ciencias; EspañaFil: Flores, Juan C.. Universidad de Alcala. Facultad de Ciencias; Españ

Planeación del riego en el cultivo de algodonero (Gossypium hirsutum L.), mediante un modelo de programación integral en el Distrito 075, Sinaloa, México

Cotton crops were one of the most important during the 50 and 80 decades in Northern Sinaloa, Mexico from the economical point of view. However, external factors such as monoculture and sanitary issues caused its disappearance. Due to the need of diversifying the actual pattern of crops grown in the zone, a great possibility of re-growing cotton crop exists. Actually, there is lack of updated information about irrigation and agronomic management practices of the crop. In order to contribute to a new crop planning, an integral programming model was used to estimate planting dates and windows as well as irrigation planning at different operation levels. Field experiments were conducted at different locations of northern Sinaloa during the growing season 2011-2012 in Ahome and Guasave counties. Each plot had a dimension of 2 hectares and five varieties grown with the purpose of calibrating the integral model to then realize a set of simulations with seven planting dates, estimate water requirements and length of growing season as well. At the end of the season (harvest) 2400 growing degree days were accumulated (100% open balls) for local conditions, water requirements were 500 mm for the month of July, 870 mm for October, after that it declined to a point of 690 mm for crops planted in January.El cultivo de algodonero en las décadas de los 50´s y 80´s fue uno de los más importantes en los valles agrícolas del norte de Sinaloa, México desde el punto de vista económico. Sin embargo, factores como su monocultivo y problemas fitosanitarios provocaron su desaparición. Ante la necesidad de diversificar el patrón actual de cultivos sembrados en la zona, existe la posibilidad de reintroducir el cultivo, sin embargo, se carece de información actualizada sobre riegos y manejo agronómico. Con el fin de contribuir a una nueva planeación del cultivo se utilizó un modelo integral de programación de riego con el cual se estimaron la ventana de siembras y la planeación del riego a diferentes niveles de operación hidráulica. Experimentos de campo se condujeron durante el ciclo agrícola otoño-invierno 2011-2012 en tres localidades del norte de Sinaloa en los municipios de Ahome y Guasave, en cada parcela se establecieron cinco variedades en una superficie de dos hectáreas con el propósito de calibrar el modelo para posteriormente realizar una serie de simulaciones en siete fechas de siembra y estimar los requerimientos hídricos y duración del ciclo. Al final del ciclo se obtuvo una acumulación de 2400 GDA (Grados de días acumulados) (100% de bellotas abiertas) para condiciones locales, un requerimiento hídrico de 500 mm para el mes de Julio y 870 mm para el mes de Octubre, después de este disminuyen nuevamente las necesidades hídricas llegando a 690 mm para siembras del mes de Enero

Common Variants of TLR1 Associate with Organ Dysfunction and Sustained Pro-Inflammatory Responses during Sepsis

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical components for host pathogen recognition and variants in genes participating in this response influence susceptibility to infections. Recently, TLR1 gene polymorphisms have been found correlated with whole blood hyper-inflammatory responses to pathogen-associated molecules and associated with sepsis-associated multiorgan dysfunction and acute lung injury (ALI). We examined the association of common variants of TLR1 gene with sepsis-derived complications in an independent study and with serum levels for four inflammatory biomarker among septic patients. Methodology/Principal Findings: Seven tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms of the TLR1 gene were genotyped in samples from a prospective multicenter case-only study of patients with severe sepsis admitted into a network of intensive care units followed for disease severity. Interleukin (IL)-1 b, IL-6, IL-10, and C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels were measured at study entry, at 48 h and at 7th day. Alleles -7202G and 248Ser, and the 248Ser-602Ile haplotype were associated with circulatory dysfunction among severe septic patients (0.001<=p <= 0.022), and with reduced IL-10 (0.012<= p <=0.047) and elevated CRP (0.011<= p <=0.036) serum levels during the first week of sepsis development. Additionally, the -7202GG genotype was found to be associated with hospital mortality (p =0.017) and ALI (p =0.050) in a combined analysis with European Americans, suggesting common risk effects among studies Conclusions/Significance: These results partially replicate and extend previous findings, supporting that variants of TLR1 gene are determinants of severe complications during sepsis