High Dimensional Atomic States of Hydrogenic Type: Heisenberg-like and Entropic Uncertainty Measures

This work has been partially supported by the Grant PID2020-113390GB-I00 of the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (Spain)) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), and the Grant FQM-207 of the Agencia de Innovacion y Desarrollo de Andalucia.High dimensional atomic states play a relevant role in a broad range of quantum fields, ranging from atomic and molecular physics to quantum technologies. The D-dimensional hydrogenic system (i.e., a negatively-charged particle moving around a positively charged core under a Coulomblike potential) is the main prototype of the physics of multidimensional quantum systems. In this work, we review the leading terms of the Heisenberg-like (radial expectation values) and entropy-like (Rényi, Shannon) uncertainty measures of this system at the limit of high D. They are given in a simple compact way in terms of the space dimensionality, the Coulomb strength and the state’s hyperquantum numbers. The associated multidimensional position–momentum uncertainty relations are also revised and compared with those of other relevant systems.Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (Spain)) PID2020-113390GB-I00European Commission FQM-207Agencia de Innovacion y Desarrollo de Andalucia FQM-20

Rényi Entropies of Multidimensional Oscillator and Hydrogenic Systems with Applications to Highly Excited Rydberg States

Funding: Research partially supported by the grants P20-00082 (Junta de Andalucía), PID2020- 113390GB-I00 (Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain), the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)), and the Grant FQM-207 of the Agencia de Innovación y Desarrollo de Andalucía.The various facets of the internal disorder of quantum systems can be described by means of the Rényi entropies of their single-particle probability density according to modern density functional theory and quantum information techniques. In this work, we first show the lower and upper bounds for the Rényi entropies of general and central-potential quantum systems, as well as the associated entropic uncertainty relations. Then, the Rényi entropies of multidimensional oscillator and hydrogenic-like systems are reviewed and explicitly determined for all bound stationary position and momentum states from first principles (i.e., in terms of the potential strength, the space dimensionality and the states’s hyperquantum numbers). This is possible because the associated wavefunctions can be expressed by means of hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials. Emphasis is placed on the most extreme, non-trivial cases corresponding to the highly excited Rydberg states, where the Rényi entropies can be amazingly obtained in a simple, compact, and transparent form. Powerful asymptotic approaches of approximation theory have been used when the polynomial’s degree or the weight-function parameter(s) of the Hermite, Laguerre, and Gegenbauer polynomials have large values. At present, these special states are being shown of increasing potential interest in quantum information and the associated quantum technologies, such as e.g., quantum key distribution, quantum computation, and quantum metrology.Grant P20-00082 (Junta de Andalucía)PID2020- 113390GB-I00 (Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain)European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)Grant FQM-207 of the Agencia de Innovación y Desarrollo de Andalucí

Parameter and q asymptotics of Lq-norms of hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials

The three canonical families of the hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials in a continuous real variable (Hermite, Laguerre, and Jacobi) control the physical wavefunctions of the bound stationary states of a great number of quantum systems [Correction added after first online publication on 21 December, 2022. The sentence has been modified.]. The algebraic Lq-norms of these polynomials describe many chemical, physical, and information theoretical properties of these systems, such as, for example, the kinetic and Weizsäcker energies, the position and momentum expectation values, the Rényi and Shannon entropies and the Cramér-Rao, the Fisher-Shannon and LMC measures of complexity. In this work, we examine review and solve the q-asymptotics and the parameter asymptotics (i.e., when the weight function's parameter tends towards infinity) of the unweighted and weighted Lq-norms for these orthogonal polynomials. This study has been motivated by the application of these algebraic norms to the energetic, entropic, and complexity-like properties of the highly excited Rydberg and high-dimensional pseudo-classical states of harmonic (oscillator-like) and Coulomb (hydrogenic) systems, and other quantum systems subject to central potentials of anharmonic type (such as, e.g., some molecu- lar systems) [Correction added after first online publication on 21 December, 2022. Oscillatorlike has been changed to oscillator-like.].The work of J.S. Dehesa has been partially supported by the grant I+D+i of Junta de Andalucia with ref. P20-00082, and the grant PID2020-113390GB-I00 of the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Spain) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). The work of N. Sobrino has been partially supported by the grant IT1249-19 of Basque Government and UPV/EHU

Expansions in series of varying Laguerre polynomials and some applications to molecular potentials

11 pages, no figures.-- MSC2000 codes: 81V55, 33C45, 81Q10.-- Issue title: "Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Orthogonal Polynomials, Special Functions and their Applications" (OPSFA-VI, Rome, Italy, 18-22 June 2001).MR#: MR1985711 (2004f:33026)Zbl#: Zbl 1017.81048The expansion of a large class of functions in series of linearly varying Laguerre polynomials, i.e., Laguerre polynomials whose parameters are linear functions of the degree, is found by means of the hypergeometric functions approach. This expansion formula is then used to obtain the Brown–Carlitz generating function (which gives a characterization of the exponential function) and the connection formula for these polynomials. Finally, these results are employed to connect the bound states of the quantum–mechanical potentials of Morse and Pöschl–Teller, which are frequently used to describe molecular systems.This work has been partially supported by the Junta de Andalucía, under the research Grants FQM0207 (J.S.D. and J.S.R.) and FQM0229 (P.L.A.); the Spanish MCyT projects BFM2001-3878-C02 (J.S.R., J.S.D. and P.L.A.) and BFM2000-0206-C04-01 (J.S.R.); and the European Union project INTAS 2000-272 (J.S.D. and J.S.R.).Publicad

Modified Clebsch-Gordan-type expansions for products of discrete hypergeometric polynomials

Starting from the second-order difference hypergeometric equation satisfied by the set of discrete orthogonal polynomials ∗pn∗, we find the analytical expressions of the expansion coefficients of any polynomial rm(x) and of the product rm(x)qj(x) in series of the set ∗pn∗. These coefficients are given in terms of the polynomial coefficients of the second-order difference equations satisfied by the involved discrete hypergeometric polynomials. Here qj(x) denotes an arbitrary discrete hypergeometric polynomial of degree j. The particular cases in which ∗rm∗ corresponds to the non-orthogonal families ∗xm∗, the rising factorials or Pochhammer polynomials ∗(x)m∗ and the falling factorial or Stirling polynomials ∗x[m]∗ are considered in detail. The connection problem between discrete hypergeometric polynomials, which here corresponds to the product case with m = 0, is also studied and its complete solution for all the classical discrete orthogonal hypergeometric (CDOH) polynomials is given. Also, the inversion problems of CDOH polynomials associated to the three aforementioned nonorthogonal families are solved.Dirección General de Enseñanza SuperiorJunta de Andalucí

Fisher information of special functions and second-order differential equations

We investigate a basic question of information theory, namely the evaluation of the Fisher information and the relative Fisher information with respect to a nonnegative function, for the probability distributions obtained by squaring the special functions of mathematical physics which are solutions of second-order differential equations. Emphasis is made in the Nikiforov-Uvarov hypergeometric-type functions. We obtain explicit expressions for these information-theoretic properties via the expectation values of the coefficients of the differential equation. We illustrate our approach for various special functions of physico-mathematical interest

Numerical study of higher order analogues of the Tracy-Widom distribution

We study a family of distributions that arise in critical unitary random matrix ensembles. They are expressed as Fredholm determinants and describe the limiting distribution of the largest eigenvalue when the dimension of the random matrices tends to infinity. The family contains the Tracy-Widom distribution and higher order analogues of it. We compute the distributions numerically by solving a Riemann-Hilbert problem numerically, plot the distributions, and discuss several properties that they appear to exhibit.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure

Position-momentum uncertainty relations based on moments of arbitrary order

The position-momentum uncertainty-like inequality based on moments of arbitrary order for d-dimensional quantum systems, which is a generalization of the celebrated Heisenberg formulation of the uncertainty principle, is improved here by use of the Renyi-entropy-based uncertainty relation. The accuracy of the resulting lower bound is physico-computationally analyzed for the two main prototypes in d-dimensional physics: the hydrogenic and oscillator-like systems.Instituto de Física La Plat

Quantum entanglement in exactly soluble atomic models: the Moshinsky model with three electrons, and with two electrons in a uniform magnetic field

We investigate the entanglement-related features of the eigenstates of two exactly soluble atomic models: a one-dimensional three-electron Moshinsky model, and a three-dimensional two-electron Moshinsky system in an external uniform magnetic field. We analytically compute the amount of entanglement exhibited by the wavefunctions corresponding to the ground, first and second excited states of the three-electron model. We found that the amount of entanglement of the system tends to increase with energy, and in the case of excited states we found a finite amount of entanglement in the limit of vanishing interaction. We also analyze the entanglement properties of the ground and first few excited states of the two-electron Moshinsky model in the presence of a magnetic field. The dependence of the eigenstates’ entanglement on the energy, as well as its behaviour in the regime of vanishing interaction, are similar to those observed in the three-electron system. On the other hand, the entanglement exhibits a monotonically decreasing behavior with the strength of the external magnetic field. For strong magnetic fields the entanglement approaches a finite asymptotic value that depends on the interaction strength. For both systems studied here we consider a perturbative approach in order to shed some light on the entanglement’s dependence on energy and also to clarify the finite entanglement exhibited by excited states in the limit of weak interactions. As far as we know, this is the first work that provides analytical and exact results for the entanglement properties of a three-electron model.Facultad de Ciencias ExactasCentro Regional de Estudios Genómico

Computation of the entropy of polynomials orthogonal on an interval.

We give an effective method to compute the entropy for polynomials orthogonal on a segment of the real axis that uses as input data only the coefficients of the recurrence relation satisfied by these polynomials. This algorithm is based on a series expression for the mutual energy of two probability measures naturally connected with the polynomials. The particular case of Gegenbauer polynomials is analyzed in detail. These results are applied also to the computation of the entropy of spherical harmonics, important for the study of the entropic uncertainty relations as well as the spatial complexity of physical systems in central potentials