MEKANISME SURVIVAL STRATEGY: ANTARA TEKANAN DAN FLEKSIBILITAS

ABSTRACT State-owned plantation company x (PTPN X) describes modem (rational) way in managing Vorstenlands tobacco sector in Indonesia. When bureaucracy becomes a part of international market, consequently, there is change of decision making locus, from family institution to bureaucracy. It means that bureaucracy intervenes in family institution. There are economic and technical interventions. The economic intervention is concern with marginalization of income, while technical intervention is concern with marginalization in understanding the quality of tobacco plantation. Consequently, the sense of spirit of farmers in planting tobacco disappeared. Beside that, the farmers to be outsider in their land. Because of pressure and insecurity, the farmers try to respond by using social security mechanism through family institution, both temporary and continually. The social mechanism that is developed is well growth in the linkage with market. It means that the traditional social security is not continually dichotomy with the modem social security. Key words: economic and technical interventions- insecurity- social security

PERTUMBUHAN INDU8TRI A8URAN81 JIWA DIINDONE8IA: 8UATU KAJIAN DARI 8181PENAWARAN

Life insurance hasbecomethe needin today modern community\u27s life. In Indonesia, the demand on life insurance grew continuously in line with theincreaseof people\u27s incomeand awarenesson the importance of risk anticipation. Tofulfill this demand,the number of life insurance companiesalways increasedaswell asvarious products supplied in the market. However, the contribution of insurance industry, especially life insurance, on Indonesia\u27s economy was relatively low. This research is aimed to analyze factors affecting the life insurance industry growth from supply side. The secondary data was collectedfrom 15 biggest life insurance companiesin Indonesia. Meanwhile, the main tools of analysis used were including descriptive statistic and dynamic panel regression. TfJeanalysis result shows that the product variety has no impact on the gross premium of life insurance growth, number of policies, and insurance funds. On the reverse,supporting infrastructures and government policy have significant and positive impacts. Keywords: life insurance industry, supply side. Asuransi jiwa telah menjadi kebutuhan dalam kehidupan masyarakat moderen saat ini. Di Indonesia, permintaan asuransi jiwa terus bertumbuh sejalan dengan peningkatan pendapatan dan kepedulian masyarakat terhadap pentingnya antisipasi risiko. Untuk memenuhi permintaan ini, jumlah perusahaan asuransi jiwa senantiasa meningkat dan demikian pula dengan beragam produknya yang yang ditawarkan di pasar. Namun demikian, kontribusi industri asuransi, khususnya asuransi jiwa, terhadap perekonomian Indonesia masih relatif rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan industri asuransi jiwa dari sisi penawaran. Data sekunder dikumpulkan dari 15 perusahaan asuransi jiwa terbesar di Indonesia. Sementara itu, alat analisis utama yang digunakan meliputi statistik deskriptif dan regresi panel dinamik. HasH analisis menunjukkan bahwa keragaman produk tidak berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan premi bruto dari asuransi jiwa, jumlah polis, dan uang pertanggungan. Sebaliknya, lnfrastruktur pendukung dan kebijakan pemerintah memberikan dampak signifikan dan positif. Kata kuna: industri asuransi jiwa, sisi penawara

Exclusive breastfeeding and its effect on growth of Malawian infants: results from a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: For the optimal nutrition of children under 2 years of age, it is considered important that they be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months before being given complementary food. Aims and Objectives: A cross-sectional nutritional baseline survey was undertaken in 2011 in the Kasungu and Mzimba Districts of Malawi to assess the nutritional status of children under 2 years of age and its determinants in order to prepare a nutrition education intervention programme. The intention of this study was to assess the nutritional status of infants aged 0–<6 months with regard to food intake. Methods: Interviews were conducted on randomly selected families with children under 2 years; anthropometric measurements were obtained from mothers and their children. Only infants between 0 and <6 months were selected for analysis (n  =  196). An ANCOVA test was performed on age of the infant with mothers’ height and weight as covariates. Results: Prevalence of stunting (infants’ length-for-age Z-score (LAZ) <−2SD) was 39%, wasting (WLZ <−2SD) 2%, and underweight (WAZ <−2SD) 13%. Of the infants under 6 months, 43% were exclusively breastfed. Predominant breastfeeding and mixed breastfeeding were less common (21% and 36%, respectively). The ANCOVA confirmed the association between exclusive breastfeeding and LAZ and WAZ: exclusively breastfed infants had a higher mean (SE) LAZ (−1·13, 0·12) and WAZ (−0·41, 0·13) than infants not being exclusively breastfed (−1·59, 0·11, and −0·97, 0·11, respectively). There was no overall significant association between breastfeeding practice and WLZ. Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding of infants under 6 months is associated with higher mean LAZ and WAZ. Promotion of exclusive breastfeeding in low-income countries is important in preventing growth retardation

Effect of SO2 and steam on CO2 capture performance of biomass-templated calcium aluminate pellets

Four types of synthetic sorbents were developed for high-temperature post-combustion calcium looping CO2 capture using Longcal limestone. Pellets were prepared with: lime and cement (LC); lime and flour (LF); lime, cement and flour (LCF); and lime, cement and flour, doped with seawater (LCFSW). Flour was used as a templating material. All samples underwent 20 cycles in a TGA under two different calcination conditions. Moreover, the prepared sorbents were tested for 10 carbonation/calcination cycles in a 68-mm-internal-diameter bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) under three environments: with no sulphur and no steam; in the presence of sulfur; and with steam. When compared to limestone, all the synthetic sorbents exhibited enhanced CO2 capture performance in both a TGA and BFB, with the exception of the sample doped with seawater. In the BFB tests, the addition of cement binder during the pelletisation process resulted in the increase of CO2 capture capacity from 0.08 gCO2/gsorbent (LF) to 0.15 gCO2/gsorbent (LCF) by the 10th cycle. The CO2 uptake in the presence of SO2 dramatically declined by the 10th cycle; for example, from 0.22 gCO2/gsorbent to 0.05 gCO2/gsorbent in the case of the untemplated material (LC). However, as expected all samples showed improved performance in the presence of steam and the decay of reactivity during the cycles was less pronounced. Nevertheless, in the BFB environment, the templated pellets showed poorer CO2 capture performance. This is presumably because of material loss due to attrition under the FB conditions. Namely, by contrast, the templated materials performed better than untemplated materials under TGA conditions. This indicates that reduction in attrition is critical in the case of employment of templated materials in realistic systems with FB reactors

Aulas virtuales paralelas: un espacio para la flexibilización, una experiencia de virtualización

El presente artículo recoge la experiencia que sobre los procesos devirtualización viene desarrollando la Universidad La Gran Colombia SeccionalArmenia. Se presenta una metodología denominada Aulas Virtuales paralelasAVP, encaminada a implementar procesos educativos virtuales articulados anuevas formas de flexibilización curricular y el desarrollo del sistema de créditosacadémicos en la educación superior, partiendo de un proceso reflexivo quelleva al docente a repensar sus prácticas desde los escenarios del trabajopresencial y el trabajo independiente articulados al Modelo Educativo Virtualuniversitario llamado SEA-Virtual

PaaSword: A Data Privacy and Context-aware Security Framework for Developing Secure Cloud Applications - Technical and Scientific Contributions

Most industries worldwide have entered a period of reaping the benefits and opportunities cloud offers. At the same time, many efforts are made to address engineering challenges for the secure development of cloud systems and software.With the majority of software engineering projects today relying on the cloud, the task to structure end-to-end secure-by-design cloud systems becomes challenging but at the same time mandatory. The PaaSword project has been commissioned to address security and data privacy in a holistic way by proposing a context-aware security-by-design framework to support software developers in constructing secure applications for the cloud. This chapter presents an overview of the PaaSword project results, including the scientific achievements as well as the description of the technical solution. The benefits offered by the framework are validated through two pilot implementations and conclusions are drawn based on the future research challenges which are discussed in a research agenda

Implementasi Sensor Fusion untuk Peningkatan Akurasi Sensor GPS

Pada sektor transportasi dan stasiun pemantau cuaca, GPS (Global Positioning System) memegang peranan penting dalam perkembangannya. GPS seringkali mengalami kendala hilangnya sinyal atau gangguan luar lainnya, seperti cuaca buruk atau sinyal GPS yang tertahan pada lapisan atmosfer. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu perangkat lain atau sensor untuk mendukung kinerja GPS. Dengan adanya sensor gyroscope dan accelerometer diharapkan dapat memperbaiki kinerja GPS dan dapat menggantikan GPS sementara apabila GPS mengalami gangguan. Pemodelan dan perancangan sebuah sensor fusion diperlukan untuk membantu kinerja dan meningkatkan akurasi GPS dalam membaca suatu posisi dan kecepatan. Implementasi sensor fusion tersebut akan memudahkan para pengguna GPS, terutama untuk navigasi agar lokasi dan kecepatan yang didapatkan lebih akura

Influence of Lung Reconstruction Algorithms on Interstitial Lung Pattern Recognition on CT.

BACKGROUND  Despite current recommendations, there is no recent scientific study comparing the influence of CT reconstruction kernels on lung pattern recognition in interstitial lung disease (ILD). PURPOSE  To evaluate the sensitivity of lung (i70) and soft (i30) CT kernel algorithms for the diagnosis of ILD patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS  We retrospectively extracted between 15-25 pattern annotations per case (1 annotation = 15 slices of 1 mm) from 23 subjects resulting in 408 annotation stacks per lung kernel and soft kernel reconstructions. Two subspecialized chest radiologists defined the ground truth in consensus. 4 residents, 2 fellows, and 2 general consultants in radiology with 3 to 13 years of experience in chest imaging performed a blinded readout. In order to account for data clustering, a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) with random intercept for reader and nested for patient and image and a kernel/experience interaction term was used to analyze the results. RESULTS  The results of the GLMM indicated, that the odds of correct pattern recognition is 12 % lower with lung kernel compared to soft kernel; however, this was not statistically significant (OR 0.88; 95%-CI, 0.73-1.06; p = 0.187). Furthermore, the consultants' odds of correct pattern recognition was 78 % higher than the residents' odds, although this finding did not reach statistical significance either (OR 1.78; 95%-CI, 0.62-5.06; p = 0.283). There was no significant interaction between the two fixed terms kernel and experience. Intra-rater agreement between lung and soft kernel was substantial (κ = 0.63 ± 0.19). The mean inter-rater agreement for lung/soft kernel was κ = 0.37 ± 0.17/κ = 0.38 ± 0.17. CONCLUSION  There is no significant difference between lung and soft kernel reconstructed CT images for the correct pattern recognition in ILD. There are non-significant trends indicating that the use of soft kernels and a higher level of experience lead to a higher probability of correct pattern identification. KEY POINTS   · There is no significant difference between lung and soft kernel reconstructed CT images for the correct pattern recognition in interstitial lung disease.. · There are even non-significant tendencies that the use of soft kernels lead to a higher probability of correct pattern identification.. · These results challenge the current recommendations and the routinely performed separate lung kernel reconstructions for lung parenchyma analysis.. CITATION FORMAT · Klaus JB, Christodoulidis S, Peters AA et al. Influence of Lung Reconstruction Algorithms on Interstitial Lung Pattern Recognition on CT. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2022; DOI: 10.1055/a-1901-7814

Exclusive breastfeeding and its effect on growth of Malawian infants: results from a cross-sectional study

Background: For the optimal nutrition of children under 2 years of age, it is considered important that they be exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months before being given complementary food. Aims and Objectives: A cross-sectional nutritional baseline survey was undertaken in 2011 in the Kasungu and Mzimba Districts of Malawi to assess the nutritional status of children under 2 years of age and its determinants in order to prepare a nutrition education intervention programme. The intention of this study was to assess the nutritional status of infants aged 0-,6 months with regard to food intake. Methods: Interviews were conducted on randomly selected families with children under 2 years; anthropometric measurements were obtained from mothers and their children. Only infants between 0 and ,6 months were selected for analysis (n 5 196). An ANCOVA test was performed on age of the infant with mothers&apos; height and weight as covariates. Results: Prevalence of stunting (infants&apos; length-for-age Z-score (LAZ) ,22SD) was 39%, wasting (WLZ ,22SD) 2%, and underweight (WAZ ,22SD) 13%. Of the infants under 6 months, 43% were exclusively breastfed. Predominant breastfeeding and mixed breastfeeding were less common (21% and 36%, respectively). The ANCOVA confirmed the association between exclusive breastfeeding and LAZ and WAZ: exclusively breastfed infants had a higher mean (SE) LAZ (21.13, 0.12) and WAZ (20.41, 0.13) than infants not being exclusively breastfed (21.59, 0.11, and 20.97, 0.11, respectively). There was no overall significant association between breastfeeding practice and WLZ. Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding of infants under 6 months is associated with higher mean LAZ and WAZ. Promotion of exclusive breastfeeding in low-income countries is important in preventing growth retardation