Clinical and radiographic evaluation of Bio-Gen with biocollagen compared with Bio-Gen with connective tissue in the treatment of class II furcation defects: a randomized clinical trial

OBJECTIVE: Treatment of furcation defects are thought to be challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic parameters of Bio-Gen with Biocollagen compared with Bio-Gen with connective tissue in the treatment of Class II furcation defects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this clinical trial, 24 patients with Class II furcation defect on a buccal or lingual mandibular molar were recruited. After oral hygiene instruction, scaling and root planing and achievement of acceptable plaque control, the patients were randomly chosen to receive either connective tissue and Bio-Gen (case group) or Biocollagen and Bio-Gen (control group). The following parameters were recorded before the first and re-entry surgery (six months later): vertical clinical attachment level (VCAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), horizontal probing depth (HPD), vertical probing depth (VPD), gingival recession (GR), furcation vertical component (FVC), furcation to alveolar crest (FAC), fornix to base of defect (FBD), and furcation horizontal component (FHC) were calculated at the time of first surgery and during re-entry. A digital periapical radiograph was taken in parallel before first surgery and re-entry. The radiographs were then analyzed by digital subtraction. The differences with p valu

Clinical Efficacy of Celecoxib with and without Caffeine versus Ibuprofen for Pain Control following Crown Lengthening Surgery

Objective: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most commonly prescribed pain control medications following periodontal surgery. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of three drug regimens namely celecoxib, celecoxib + caffeine and ibuprofen for pain relief following crown lengthening surgery.Methods: This randomized, double blind clinical trial was performed on 45 patients aged 20-60 years requiring crown lengthening of maxillary teeth. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups (n=15) receiving ibuprofen (400mg), celecoxib (200mg) and celecoxib (200mg) + caffeine (30mg). Each patient took one dose of the respective medications 30 minutes prior to surgery. Other doses were prescribed 1, 8, 16 and 24 hours after surgery. Pain scores were recorded using visual analog scale (VAS) at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 hours post operation.Results: The mean VAS scores were significantly lower in celecoxib + caffeine group than in celecoxib group at 1 and 2 hours after surgery (H1: 2.33 (1.95) vs. 4.47 (2.56), p=0.026) (H2: 2.47 (1.60) vs. 4.80 (2.40), p=0.009). The pain scores were significantly lower in celecoxib + caffeine group than ibuprofen group at 8, 16 and 24 hours after the procedure (H8: 1.80 (1.21) vs. 3.73(1.94), p=0.012) (H16: 1.07 (1.03) vs. 2.73 (1.87), p=0.012) (H24: 0.47 (0.64) vs. 1.87 (1.25),p=0.004). No significant difference was found in analgesic efficacy of celecoxib and ibuprofen. Conclusion: The combination of celecoxib + caffeine showed higher efficacy than other medications for pain control following crown lengthening surgery. Caffeine may enhance the analgesic effect of celecoxib

Comparison of the Efficacy of Short-Term and Long-Term Azithromycin Regimen with Metronidazole and Amoxicillin for Treatment of Moderate Chronic Periodontitis in Adults

Objective: Administration of amoxicillin and metronidazole along with scaling and root planning (SRP) is an effective adjunctive therapy for chronic periodontitis. Studies have shown that administration of azithromycin is also effective for treatment of chronic periodontitis. This study aimed to compare the effect of short-term and long-term azithromycin regimen with amoxicillin and metronidazole for treatment of moderate chronic periodontitis in adults.Methods: This experimental study was carried out on 75 patients with moderate chronic  periodontitis aged 35-50 yrs. with at least one pocket with a probing depth of 4-6 mm and  attachment loss of 3-4 mm in each quadrant. Loe and Silness Gingival Index (GI),  Modified Papillary Bleeding Index (MPBI) of Barnett, Loe and Silness Plaque Index (PLI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Attachment Loss (AL) were calculated at 0, 2 and 4 days, 6 weeks and 2 and 3 months after therapy. The patients underwent SRP and assigned to three groups. Group one received 250 mg metronidazole plus 250 mg amoxicillin 3 times a day for 7 days. Group 2 received 500 mg azithromycin twice daily for 7 days and group 3 received 250 mg azithromycin once a day for one month. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Repeated Measures ANOVA.Results: PLI, MPBI, GI, PPD and AL parameters showed a significant reduction in all groups at all understudy time points (p<0.05). The reduction in BI, GI and PLI parameters was greater in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2 (p <0.05); but, no significant difference was observed between groups 1 and 2 in this respect. A greater reduction in PPD was noted in groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1 (p<0.05). AL showed a significant reduction in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2 only in the final follow-up session (p =0.042).Conclusion: Antibiotic therapy regimens were all effective for treatment of chronic periodontitis but the magnitude of improvement was greater in long-term azithromycin group compared to others

Coronally advanced flap and connective tissue graft with or without plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) in treatment of gingival recession

Several researchers have tried to improve the results of gingival recession treatment techniques. One of the methods is to use growth factors The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of CAF (coronally advanced flap) + CTG (connective tissue graft) + PRGF (plasma rich in growth factors) in the treatment of Miller Class I buccal gingival recession. Twenty-two teeth with Miller Class I gingival recession in 6 patients 26 ? 47 years of age were included in a split-mouth designed randomized controlled trial (RCT). In each patient, one side was treated with CAF + CTG + PRGF (test) and the other side was treated with CAF + CTG (control). The following parameters were measured before surgery and up to 6 months after surgery on the mid-buccal surface of the tooth: keratinized tissue width (KTW), clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), vertical recession depth (VRD), recession depth (RD), gingival thickness (GT), root coverage in percentage (RC%) and the distance between the CEJ and mucogingival junction (MGJL). Data were analyzed with paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. After 6 months noticeable improvements were observed in both groups in all the variables measured except for PD; however, the differences between the two groups were not significant. RC% was 80 ± 25% and 67 ± 28% in the test and control groups, respectively, after 6 months. Both CAF + CTG + PRGF and CAF + CTG treatment modalities resulted in favorable root coverage; however, the addition of PRGF added no measurable significant effect

Pre-clinical development as microbicide of zinc tetra-ascorbo-camphorate, a novel terpenoid derivative: Potent in vitro inhibitory activity against both R5- and X4-tropic HIV-1 strains without significant in vivo mucosal toxicity

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Terpenoid derivatives originating from many plants species, are interesting compounds with numerous biological effects, such as anti-HIV-1 activity. The zinc tetra-ascorbo-camphorate complex (or "C14"), a new monoterpenoid derivative was evaluated in vitro for its anti-HIV-1 activity on both R5- and X4-HIV-1 infection of primary target cells (macrophages, dendritic cells and T cells) and on HIV-1 transfer from dendritic cells to T cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The toxicity study was carried out in vitro and also with the New Zealand White rabbit vaginal irritation model. C14 was found to be no cytotoxic at high concentrations (CC50 > 10 μM) and showed to be a potential HIV-1 inhibitor of infection of all the primary cells tested (EC50 = 1 μM). No significant changes could be observed in cervicovaginal tissue of rabbit exposed during 10 consecutive days to formulations containing up to 20 μM of C14.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Overall, these preclinical studies suggest that zinc tetra-ascorbo-camphorate derivative is suitable for further testing as a candidate microbicide to prevent male-to-female heterosexual acquisition of HIV-1.</p

Differential activity of candidate microbicides against early steps of HIV-1 infection upon complement virus opsonization

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: HIV-1 in genital secretions may be opsonized by several molecules including complement components. Opsonized HIV-1 by complement enhances the infection of various mucosal target cells, such as dendritic cells (DC) and epithelial cells. RESULTS: We herein evaluated the effect of HIV-1 complement opsonization on microbicide candidates activity, by using three in vitro mucosal models: CCR5-tropic HIV-1JR-CSF transcytosis through epithelial cells, HIV-1JR-CSF attachment on immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (iMDDC), and infectivity of iMDDC by CCR5-tropic HIV-1BaL and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1NDK. A panel of 10 microbicide candidates [T20, CADA, lectines HHA & GNA, PVAS, human lactoferrin, and monoclonal antibodies IgG1B12, 12G5, 2G12 and 2F5], were investigated using cell-free unopsonized or opsonized HIV-1 by complements. Only HHA and PVAS were able to inhibit HIV trancytosis. Upon opsonization, transcytosis was affected only by HHA, HIV-1 adsorption on iMDDC by four molecules (lactoferrin, IgG1B12, IgG2G5, IgG2G12), and replication in iMDDC of HIV-1BaL by five molecules (lactoferrin, CADA, T20, IgG1B12, IgG2F5) and of HIV-1NDK by two molecules (lactoferrin, IgG12G5). CONCLUSION: These observations demonstrate that HIV-1 opsonization by complements may modulate in vitro the efficiency of candidate microbicides to inhibit HIV-1 infection of mucosal target cells, as well as its crossing through mucos