Treatment of condylar fractures: : a retrospective cohort study

Objective: Evaluate routine alterations in patients submitted to treatment of unilateral fractures of the mandibular condyle. Patients and methods: The sample consisted of 30 patients of both sexes submitted to surgical and nonsurgical treatment. All patients answered an evaluation questionnaire on perception of the Oral Impact on Daily Performances (OIDP) and underwent physical and imaging examination. The following aspects were evaluated in temporo mandibular join (TMJ) physical examination: maximum mouth opening, left/right lateral movements and protrusive movements. Vertical height measurements of right and left mandibular branches were evaluated by means of orthopantomography. Lateromedial and anteroposterior displacements were measured using Hirtz?s axial radiography. Evaluation of diameter of the mandibular fossa and height of the glenoid fossa were measured by hypocycloidal tomography. Results: A minority (13.3%) answered the questions on OIDP positively, with a similar rate for both treatments. With regard to the vertical height variable, average vertical height was similar for both treatments. However, comparing fractured and nonfractured sides, the difference observed was statistically significant for both treatments. On the basis of the statistical results of this study, for both treatments there were no significant alterations in the maximum mouth opening variable, with an average of 43.35 mm for open treatment and 44 mm for closed treatment. Conclusion: In the present study there were no significant differences between open and closed treatment of unilateral fractures of the mandibular condyle

Relationship between mandibular fracture and impacted lower third molar

Many studies have shown that the greatest risk of fracture of the mandibular angle is related to the presence of an unerupted lower third molar, based on the hypothesis that there is a decrease in the area of bone and absorption of the impact in this area, leading some surgeons to indicate its prophylactic removal in patients most exposed to the risk factors of facial trauma. On the other hand, other authors have observed a greater frequency of condylar fractures in patients without an impacted lower third molar.Purpose: The aim of this study was to relate the condylar and angle fracture with an unerupted lower third molar, taking into account the position of the tooth.Material and Methods: Panoramic radiographs were used to determine if the presence or absence of the third molar is related to the occurrence of mandibular fractures, such as angle and condylar fractures.Results: In a total of 43 patients with angle fractures, the greatest percentage had erupted teeth, and 41.9% had impacted teeth; however there was no significant difference between the fractured side and the tooth condition (p=0.350). There were 91 condylar fractures and in 42.9% the third molar was absent and in 40.7% the tooth was erupted . There was no significant difference between the fractured side and the tooth condition (p=0.852).Conclusion: The absence of an impacted third molar may increase the risk of condylar fractures and decrease the prevalence of mandibular angle fractures

Occupational stress among Brazilian oral-maxillofacial surgeons

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to assess the stress level of oral-maxillofacial surgeons, based on the Demand-Control Model. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 128 oral-maxillofacial surgeons who participated in the Brazilian Congress of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery held in the city of Florianópolis, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Data was obtained using a questionnaire that incorporated the Demand-Control Model (Job Content Questionnaire), which evaluates psychosocial experiences at work. Information on age, gender and professional qualification was also collected. The data was displayed in contingency tables. The following statistical tests were used with a 5% level of significance: chi-square test and ?Fisher exact test?. Results: Oralmaxillofacial surgeons were classified according to the Demand-Control Model as follows: High Demand (28%), Low Demand (28%); Passive Work (27%), Active Work (16.4%). Conclusion: The majority of oral-maxillofacial surgeons exercise their profession in unsatisfactory working conditions, as less than 1/3 of the population studied worked under the ideal condition of low demand

Alcohol abusive use increases facial trauma?

Trauma is among the main death causes and morbidity in the world and is often related to the use of alcohol and its abuse has reached massive proportions, no matter if the country is developed or not, being considered as public health problem. Since there are very few randomized and prospective studies in literature about the association of facial trauma and the use of alcohol, this study aims to investigate the impact of alcohol use in facial trauma. This was a prospective and cross sectional study, involving facial trauma patients attended at Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Division of a State Hospital. Variables included patient´s profile, trauma etiology, facial region involved, type of injury and treatment and days of hospitalization. AUDIT test was applied to identify risks and damages of alcohol use and chemical dependence. Absolute distribution, uni and mutilvaried percentages were made for data evaluation. Pearson´s qui-squared and Fisher´s Exact tests were also used. One hundred patients were evaluated. The patient´s mean age was 33.50 years-old, 48% had between 17 and 29 years old, 28% had 30 to 39, and 24% 40 or more. Most of them were male (86%). The most frequent etiology was traffic accident (57%), the extraoral area was most committed (62%), the most frequent type of injury was fractures (78%) and the most affected bone was the mandible (36%). More than half of the patients (53%) had surgical treatment. 38% had their discharge from hospital right after the first attendance. The AUDIT most frequent answer was ?moderate use? (46%) and use at risk (39%). There was significant difference between the use of alcohol (AUDIT) and hematoma (0.003) and number of days of hospitalization (p=0.005). In this study it was not observed association between alcohol consumption using the AUDIT and trauma etiology, but patient victims of traffic accidents were classified as with risk in the scale. Most of the trauma were caused by traffic accidents using motorcycles and occurred in young aged men

Occurrence of Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus infection in endoscopic and gastric cancer patients from Northern Brazil

Background: Helicobacter pylori (HP) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have been associated with cancer development. We evaluated the prevalence of HP, HP CagA(+) and EBV infection in gastric cancer (GC) samples from adults and in gastric tissues from patients who underwent upper endoscopy (UE).Methods: Samples from UE and GC were collected to investigate the presence of HP infection and the HP virulence factor CagA by a urease test and PCR. the presence of EBV was detected by Eber-1 in situ hybridization.Results: in UE, 85.5% of juvenile patients showed some degree of gastritis (45.3% of patients with mild gastritis and 54.7% with moderate/severe gastritis) and patients with mild gastritis were younger than patients with moderate/severe gastritis. Among adults, 48.7% presented mild gastritis and 51.3% moderate/severe gastritis. HP infection was detected in 0% of normal mucosa, 58.5% of juvenile gastritis patients, 69.2% of adult gastritis patients and 88% of GC patients. in these same groups, HP CagA(+) was detected in 0%, 37.7%, 61.5% and 67.2% of tissue samples, respectively. in juvenile patients, HP infection was more common in those with gastritis than in normal samples (p = 0.004). the patients with either HP or HP CagA(+) were older than patients without these pathogens (p < 0.05). in juvenile patients, HP infection was more frequent in cases of moderate/severe gastritis than in cases of mild gastritis (p = 0.026). Moreover, in patients with GC, HP infection was more frequent in males than in females (p = 0.023). GC patients with HP CagA(+) were older than patients with HP CagA-(p = 0.027). HP CagA(+) was more common in intestinal-type than diffuse-type GC (p = 0.012). HP CagA(+) was also associated with lymph-node (p = 0.024) and distal (p = 0.005) metastasis. No association between EBV infection and HP infection or any clinicopathological variable was detected.Conclusions: Our results suggest that HP is involved in the pathophysiology of severe gastric lesions and in the development of GC, particularly when CagA(+) is present. EBV was not the primary pathogenic factor in our samples.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fed Univ Para, Inst Ciencias Biol, Lab Citogenet Humana, BR-66075110 Belem, PA, BrazilFed Univ Para, Inst Ciencias Saude, BR-66075110 Belem, PA, BrazilCtr Univ Para, Belem, PA, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ortopedia & Traumatol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol & Genet, Disciplina Genet, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Para, BR-66075110 Belem, PA, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fac Odontol, Dept Oral Pathol, Fortaleza, CE, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ortopedia & Traumatol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol & Genet, Disciplina Genet, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Tendências de novas tecnologias da energia solar

Diante de todas as adversidades e catástrofe ambiental, é notório a crescente preocupação com o meio ambiente, a energia solar ganha notabilidade, tendo em vista, que faz parte das energias limpas e renováveis. O aumento no consumo de energia elétrica devido a crescente exponencial da população, tem demandado uma considerável ampliação na capacidade de geração, melhoria e criação de novas tendencia para novas tecnologias energéticas, com a finalidade de atender a demanda. A indústria solar é reconhecida como das melhores opções para ultrapassar uma crise energética futura, uma vez que é vantajosa em termos de disponibilidade, custo-eficácia, acessibilidade, capacidade e eficiência em comparação com outras fontes de energia renováveis. Este trabalho tem como abjetivo apresentar novas tendências de tecnologias fotovoltaica, analisando suas vantagens, custo e aplicabilidade, assim possibilitar que haja uma redução significativa do uso de energia elétrica fornecida pelas concessionárias. Como resultado, foram encontradas um mercado inovador que busca novas tendências em energia solar, como os mais diversos usos que já temos no mercado e demanda tal como fotovoltaica orgânica (OPV); células solares de perovskita; células de filme fino feitas de silício microcristalino; telhas solares; Energia solar flutuante e Spin cells. Concluindo-se assim, que o cenário se mostra animador diante de tantas inovações que surgiram nas últimas décadas, que aumentam positivamente a probabilidade de um cenário energético cada vez mais limpo e consciente em escala global e que a tendência dos sistemas de geração de energia fotovoltaica é se difundir rapidamente, amplamente nacional e internacionalmente, a fim de serem utilizados em larga escala nas próximas décadas

Avaliação comparativa de agentes coagulantes químico e natural no processo de coagulação de águas de cisterna no município de Sumé-PB / Comparative evaluation of chemical and natural coagulant agents in the cisterna water coagulation process in the municipality of Sumé-PB

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar diferentes formas de aplicação da semente da Moringa oleifera na clarificação da água oriunda de cisternas, no município de Sumé, Paraíba. Objetiva-se também comparar a eficiência do coagulante natural em relação ao coagulante químico sulfato de alumínio. Alíquotas de 1,0 L de efluente foram utilizadas para realização dos testes de clarificação, sendo aplicados como coagulantes o sulfato de alumínio e sementes de Moringa oleifera pulverizadas, nas formas particulada e em solução. Aplicou-se o planejamento fatorial 22 com três repetições no ponto central, para verificar a influência do tempo de tratamento e da quantidade dos coagulantes sobre a turbidez, o pH e a condutividade elétrica das amostras. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar uma redução na turbidez de até 70%, ao aplicar o coagulante natural em pó, e de 86% para o coagulante químico em pó. Para as condições estudadas, é possível afirmar que as sementes de moringa podem ser aplicadas como coagulante no tratamento de águas de cisternas, reduzindo os teores de turbidez, com a vantagem de ser um produto natural de baixo custo e sem promover alterações significativas no pH e na condutividade elétrica das amostras

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio