Regional Employment Patterns in Northern Ireland. General Research Series Paper No. 73, January 1974

-~-~r TmL~ much regional de4¢elopment’ policy is still concerned with the ¯ ~ W promotion of’manufacturing:industry there ;has been an increasing ¯ ¯ awareness during the past decade of the contribution to employment Opportunities which can be made by the development of service industries. The importam role to be played’ by the grov~tli of service employment has been clearly recognised in the Northern Ireland Development Programmes: the programme for I964-69Vpredicted a growth of some 30,000 service jobs; the programme for 197o-75~ more conservatively suggested an expansion of the order of i5,ooo. Such eStimate~ as’ have been made of longer term employment growth in the province also emphasise the importance of services. Recent estimates Suggest that as much as 60 per cent’ bf the employment’ growth that could reasonably’ be expected during the n6kfft~Vo decades will probably be in the services sector

Second Order Perturbations in the Randall-Sundrum Infinite Brane-World Model

We discuss the non-linear gravitational interactions in the Randall-Sundrum single brane model. If we naively write down the 4-dimensional effective action integrating over the fifth dimension with the aid of the decomposition with respect to eigen modes of 4-dimensional d'Alembertian, the Kaluza-Klein mode coupling seems to be ill-defined. We carefully analyze second order perturbations of the gravitational field induced on the 3-brane under the assumption of the static and axial-symmetric 5-dimensional metric. It is shown that there remains no pathological feature in the Kaluza-Klein mode coupling after the summation over all different mass modes. Furthermore, the leading Kaluza-Klein corrections are shown to be sufficiently suppressed in comparison with the leading order term which is obtained by the zero mode truncation. We confirm that the 4-dimensional Einstein gravity is approximately recovered on the 3-brane up to second order perturbations.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, comment and reference added, typos correcte

Symposium on Econometric Modelling

Macroeconometric modelling of regional economies is in its infancy. While national models have been in widespread use in industrialised countries for many years, it is only comparatively recently that econometric models have been constructed for regions. National models with the national expenditure format have developed around a substantial body of economic theory together with the relevant national income statistics. The development of regional econometric models has been hindered by the relatively unsophisticated body of regional economic theory and the limited availability and quality of regional data. This paper outlines in general terms the structure of the Northern Ireland model. It follows the format of the more recent regional econometric models in the USA and is intended primarily for medium?term forecasting

Optimal Credit Rationing in Not-For-Profit Financial Institutions

We examine the dynamic optimization problem for not-for-profit financial institutions (NFPs) that maximize consumer surplus, not profits. We characterize the optimal dynamic policy and find that it involves credit rationing. Interest rates set by mature NFPs will typically be more favorable to customers than market rates, as any surplus is distributed in the form of interest rate subsidies, with credit rationing being required to prevent these subsidies from distorting loan volumes from their optimal levels. Rationing overcomes a fundamental problem in NFPs; it allows them to distribute the surplus without distorting the volume of activity from the efficient level. Copyright 2003 By The Economics Department Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Osaka University Institute Of Social And Economic Research Association

Time Reference in the Service of Social Action

The present study investigates the ways that members of society refer to time. Concrete methods for communicating about points in time and locating events in relation to them make relevant and thereby ground abstract time-reckoning in the lives of interactants. Through a taxonomy of references to time—termed absolute and event-relative, each with subcategories— we describe the intrinsic affordances that different designs provide coparticipants engaging in social interaction. In analyzing talk from both ordinary and institutional contexts, we demonstrate how these affordances can be mobilized in the co-construction and maintenance of intersubjectivity, in managing interpersonal relationships, and in conjunction with a variety of social actions. By describing how sociotemporal ordering is invoked, put into use, and contextually achieved in the immediacy of quotidian conduct, we posit that time-reckoning categories are social not only in their construction but also in their everyday use