Complex system theory in team sports : example in 5 on 5 basketball contest

The purpose of the study was to analyze basketball contest under complex systems framework. Control and order parameters were defined as time and offensive rating. The data was composed by 73 games from the ACB league during the 2007-08 season. Relative phase of confronting teams was calculated through Hilbert Transform. Results show stability, instability and transition periods, with coordination in-phase and anti-phase. Perturbations were found in the development of the game. These perturbations move the systems from stable to instable states. Findings of the study guarantee the dynamics analysis of basketball contest. Coaches should prepare their teams to be able of analyze environmental information and find new solutions for game constraints

Basketball as part of the curriculum in secondary education. Motion for education: a comprehensive model

Resumen basado en el de la publicaciónSe muestra una forma de entender la enseñanza del baloncesto. Partiendo de los objetivos de la Educación Física en secundaria y de la estructura de un deporte colectivo como lo es el baloncesto, se propone su enseñanza basada en la comprensión del propio juego, con el objeto de conseguir alumnos activos, que se impliquen cognitivamente durante las sesiones. Dejando a un lado las propuestas que desde una perspectiva teórica a menudo resultan poco prácticas para los profesores, se proporcionan ideas y principios útiles a tener en cuenta a la hora del diseño de las actividades de cada una de las sesiones que conformaran la unidad didáctica para la enseñanza de este deporte.AndalucíaES

Home advantage analysis in ACB league in season 2007-2008

Home advantage was defined as the fact that home teams win more than the 50% of their matches (Courneya & Carron, 1992). The aim of this work was to investigate the home advantage in the ACB league and identify the game-related statistics which best discriminate home and away teams. The data were obtained from the Spanish Basketball Association for the period 2007-2008 ACB league (n= 306). Game related statistics were normalized to 100 ball possessions. In order to compare game related statistics in home and away teams, a discriminative analysis was employed. This analysis identifies the game related statistics that best discriminate between home and away teams. The function obtained was interpreted with the structural canonical coefficients (SC), with values higher than |.30|. In the 2007-2008 ACB league, the home teams won the 55.22% (n=169) of the games. The analysis identifying the two-point field goals made, blocks made, dunks, the defensive rebounds and the assists as common to the mean vectors that discriminate home teams in all games. Blocks received contribute to discriminate away teams in ACB league. These results could be used by the psychologist who works with the team. They must design specific programs to decrease anxiety levels, and to improve motivation and concentration levels in basketball players before a competition

Educational strategies for the acquisition of professional knowledge by youth basketball coaches

The purpose of this study was to identify the educational means that coaches of school-aged children utilize to acquire their professional knowledge. Youth basketball coaches (n=118) with a heterogeneous education coming from different educational means participated in the study. Of them, 81.7% were previously basketball players. As a measurement instrument, a modified version of the scale by Feu (2006) was utilized to determine the coach's professional knowledge. The new scale had 21 items distributed in seven dimensions that corresponded to three theoretical factors. The items were answered with a 5-point Likert scale. The statistical analysis consisted of an exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation and self-values >1 in order to determine the latent structure of the relationships between the scale's items. Previously, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index and Bartlett's sphere test were analyzed. The reliability of the scale and the sub-scales was studied through the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. The means, standard deviations, and correlations between item and scale as well as item and sub-scale were analyzed. The exploratory factor analysis, after the elimination of five items, and the Cronbach's Alpha coefficients demonstrated that the scale and sub-scales had some adequate psychometric properties (α>.70). All the items obtained item and sub-scale correlations greater than .40. Formal education was the factor that had the greatest acceptance among the coaches (M=21.71±4.63) followed by acquired experiences as a player (M=16.70±5.64), and then the acquired experiences and innovations as a coach (M=13.45±2.97). The scale that was utilized has adequate validity and reliability to determine how the coach constructs his/her professional knowledge

Relationship between the pedagogical variables of coaching a mini-basketball team

This study arises from the importance of analyzing the coaching process and knowing how to coach in the first stages of sports initiation. The purpose of this study was to analyze how a basketball coach establishes teaching the game phases in youth categories, through the relationship between the pedagogical variables that define each of the coaching tasks. A total of 452 tasks, organized in 80 training sessions that were planned by a coach of mini-basketball (10-11 yearolds) from the 2004-2005 season were analyzed. After a descriptive analysis of the game phase variable, a non-parametric inferential analysis (chi-square and contingency coefficient) was carried out to study the relationships between the variables of the study (game phase, game situation, type of content, and content). The results make clear that for the coach that was analyzed, there is a disproportionate amount of work done on phases of offense to the detriment of defensive work. The aspects of the attack that are developed most are those without opposition, 1-on-0 (RAS=9.7) and to a lesser degree 1-on-1 (RAS=-10.7), although the opposite happens in the case of defensive fundamentals, 1-on-0 (RAS=-5.4) and 1-on-1 (RAS=12.3). A higher proportion of tasks without opposition, 1- on-0, were planned to work on individual offense technique (RAS=15.7), such as shooting. The analysis of the coaching process provides much information when generating sport teaching principles. The results have an important practical application, and they facilitate the process of continuing education and reflection on coaches' actions

Relathionship between pedagogical content knowledge and coaching methods

The aim of this study was to know the relationship between the Pedagogical Content Knowledge and the planned Coaching Methods in early phases of basketball learning. The participants were three coaches. Each coaches' task was analyzed: U'12 male team (n = 394), U'12 female team (n = 427), U'14 female team (n = 459), as well as their own view. The variables studied were PCK's dimensions and coaching methods. A descriptive and inferential analysis were carried out for the planned tasks (Chi-square, Contingency coefficient y Residuals adjusted standardized) and another one for content of interviews. The outcomes showed the predominance of plays over exercises. There are close ties among the knowledge of the content, curricular pedagogy, goals, players, strategies and contexts that explain the sort of coaching method chosen

Análisis de los medios de entrenamiento de un equipo de Minibásket y la influencia de un programa formativo para el entrenado: un estudio de caso

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of a training program, orientated by understanding methodology, on a novice basketball coach, measured throughout the coaching tasks. To do so, we have analyzed the pedagogical variables of the coaching tasks, in particular the means of training and its relationship with the other educational variables. We analyzed all the training tasks performed by a novice basketball team during two seasons (n=846). Training sessions were categorized in the PYC-Basket program 2.0. An initial descriptive analysis of the results and an inferential analysis to know the coaching differences between the two seasons were carried out. Results show a change in the choice of coaching methods employed during the two seasons, and the increasing use of play as a main coaching method. There is a progressively increase the complexity of the proposals in order to promote learning. Evidence show an evolution towards a learning for understanding model based on a constructivist methodology for basketball teaching according to the characteristics of the players of these stages.El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar la influencia que un programa formativo orientado a la metodología comprensiva tiene sobre un entrenador novel de baloncesto, medido a través de las tareas de entrenamiento. Para ello se han analizado las variables pedagógicas del entrenamiento. De forma específica los medios de entrenamiento y su relación con el resto de variables pedagógicas. Se analizaron todas las tareas de entrenamiento realizadas por un equipo de iniciación al baloncesto durante dos temporadas (n=846). Las sesiones de entrenamiento fueron categorizadas en el programa PYC-Basket 2.0. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los resultados, así como un análisis inferencial para conocer las diferencias en el entrenamiento entre las dos temporadas. Los resultados muestran un cambio en la elección de los medios de entrenamiento empleados en las dos temporadas, aumentando el empleo del juego como medio de entrenamiento prioritario. Aumento progresivo de la complejidad de las propuestas con el objeto de favorecer el aprendizaje. Las evidencias manifiestan una evolución hacia un modelo comprensivo basado en una metodología constructivista para la enseñanza del baloncesto acorde a las características de los jugadores de estas etapas

Estudio por espectroscopía Raman de vidrios silicobóricos separados en fases y lixiviados

Trabajo presentado en el LII Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio en Burgos del 3 al 6 Octubre de 2012. Más información en http://www.secv.es/es/generic/lii-congreso-anual-de-la-secv/.Los vidrios de porosidad controlada presentan un gran interés en diversas áreas industriales: bioquímica, sensores químico-ópticos, membranas, composites, etc. Desde el proceso Vycor, el sistema Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios para obtener vidrios porosos. Mediante un tratamiento térmico se induce una separación de fases, una rica en sílice y otra en borato sódico, que es extraída en medio ácido quedando un esqueleto poroso de sílice. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la evolución de la separación de fases y posterior lixiviación en función de su composición. Estas matrices porosas se utilizarán para obtener materiales con nuevas aplicaciones tecnológicas.Peer Reviewe

Shot differences between professional (ACB) and amateur (EBA) basketball teams : multifactorial study

The shot is the game action in which the rest of the players' actions culminate, allowing them to achieve the goal of the game, to score. In this action several factors intervene which condition its execution. The goal of this study was to analyze the shot, by executing a multifactorial study of the differences in this technical action between two competition levels, professional teams (experts) and amateur teams (inexperienced players). The shots taken during 60 games from two competition levels, the ACB league (30 games) and the EBA league (30 games) were studied. A total of 10212 shots were studied, of which 5161 corresponded to the ACB league (174±13.23) and 5051 corresponded to the EBA league (168±19.54). After an exploratory analysis, an inferential non-parametric analysis to assess whether the two samples of shots were equivalent was used (Mann-Whitney U). Differences in free-throws between professional and amateur teams were only found in the distribution of the shots by quarter (U=7.5E+005, p=.025). The field goals taken in the two competitions are different with regard to the defensive pressure that the players receive before shooting (U=6.4E+006 p=.025), the shot value (U=7.1E+006, p=.010), and the action taken before the shot (U=6.6E+006, p=.000). The expert players (professionals) have a greater command of the game than the amateurs (inexperienced players), they maintain a higher defensive intensity from the beginning of the game, they are able to find shot positions in which the defensive pressure is less, they use more collective actions to look for better shot positions (passes), and they can shoot from greater distances