Estudio de modelos parentales: la construcción de un instrumento para su exploración

Objective: This research presents the construction of an attributional questionnaire concerning the different parental models and factors that are involved in family interactions. Method: A mixed methodology was used as a foundation to develop items and respective pilots that allowed checking the validity and internal consistency of the instrument using expert judgment. Results: An instrument of 36 statements was organized into 12 categories to explore the parental models according to the following factors: parental models, breeding patterns, attachment bonds and guidelines for success, and promoted inside family contexts. Analyzing these factors contributes to the children’s development within the familiar frown, and the opportunity for socio-educational intervention. Conclusion: It is assumed that the family context is as decisive as the school context; therefore, exploring the nature of parental models is required to understand the features and influences that contribute to the development of young people in any social context.



Objetivo: Construir un cuestionario para identificar los patrones de reproducción de apego y de éxito que forman los padres en la interacción familiar en la actualidad. Método: De corte mixto para elaboración de ítems, con pruebas piloto para validez y consistencia interna del instrumento y evaluación por un jurado compuesto por expertos. Resultados: Se obtuvo un instrumento con 36 enunciados, organizados en 12 grupos para la exploración de modelos familiares, conformado por los factores: crianza de los hijos, los vínculos familiares y los patrones de éxito existentes en contextos familiares y cada uno de ellos con sus respectivas dimensiones. El análisis de estos factores proporciona información sobre la naturaleza de la formación de la familia nuclear y las áreas susceptibles de intervención socioeducativa. Conclusión: En este trabajo se parte del supuesto de que el contexto familiar es tan determinante como el contexto escolar, por lo tanto, explorar la naturaleza de los modelos familiares en la actualidad, es necesario para el conocimiento de las características e influencias de la formación de los jóvenes, en cualquier contexto social.
Objetivo: Construir um questionário para identificar os padrões de reprodução, de apego e de sucesso que moldam os pais na interação familiar atualmente. Método: Uma metodologia mista foi utilizada na elaboração dos itens, e posteriores testes pilotos para a validação e consistência interna do instrumento, avaliado por um júri, constituído por especialistas. Resultados: Obteve-se um instrumento com 36 declarações, organizadas em 12 agrupamentos para a exploração de modelos familiares, de acordo com os fatores: criação dos filhos, laços familiares e os padrões de sucesso, existentes em contextos familiares e cada um deles com suas respectivas dimensões. A análise desses fatores forneceu informações sobre a natureza da formação da família nuclear e as áreas de oportunidade para a intervenção socioeducativa. Conclusão: Neste trabalho assume-se que o contexto familiar é tão decisivo como o contexto escolar, sendo assim, explorar a natureza dos modelos familiares, atualmente, é necessário para o conhecimento das características e influências da formação dos jovens, em qualquer contexto social.


Taller: Encerrados pero enREDados

Este proyecto desarrollado en Primavera 2022 se llevó a cabo en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID 19 y dirigió sus esfuerzos en la atención a las personas mayores que habitan en el área metropolitana de Guadalajara y que conforman grupos de personas mayores organizadas mediante los grupos que trabajan en los sistemas DIF de Guadalajara, Tlaquepaque, Tlajomulco y Zapopan. Tuvo la particularidad de contar con personas mayores habitantes del Estado de México. La principal problemática atendida en este periodo escolar fue la exclusión social que viven las personas mayores ocasionada por la insensibilización, desinformación y las condiciones inadecuadas para favorecer su bienestar. Ante ésta, se definió como objetivo desarrollar estrategias inclusivas basadas en la sensibilización e información sobre las condiciones que favorecen el bienestar de las personas mayores en torno a la activación física, hospitalidad, actividades comunitarias, comunidad en línea y rediseño de la vivienda que posibiliten la integración y cohesión social entre y con este grupo etario. El trabajo se realizó mediante encuentros virtuales desde la plataforma Zoom y WhatsApp. En este reporte se presenta el desarrollo del proyecto de aplicación profesional que, en colaboración con las personas mayores participantes, se diseñaron cuatro propuestas que abonan a la calidad de vida de las personas mayores.ITESO, A.C

In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of microencapsulated extracts of Flourensia cernua, F. microphylla, and F. retinophylla

Recently, some species of the genus Flourensia have been identified by their potential health effects (e.g. anti-inflammatory and apoptotic). Encapsulation of plant extracts is a process that can allow an adequate dosage administration, as well as to protect bioactive compounds and improve their controlled release in the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Therefore, the aims of this work were: to microencapsulate the ethanol extracts of F. cernua, F. microphylla, and F. retinophylla; and to evaluate the controlled release of the microencapsuled extracts in an in vitro GI system. Leaves of Flourensia spp. were collected in wild sites of Coahuila State, and the ethanol extracts were obtained by the Soxhlet method. The encapsulation was performed by the gelation technique, using alginate. The microcapsules formed were characterized in terms of total phenol content (Folin-Ciocalteu method), antioxidant activity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic) diammonium acid (ABTS), and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal analysis, and in vitro GI digestion. The microcapsules were found to have spherical-shape and a micro-scale dimension in the range of 2.168.8??m. Also, the built of microcapsules was confirmed by the appearance of an exothermic peak centered at 600?°C in the DSC analysis. F. microphylla noted for its strong antioxidant activity, even in its encapsulated form. In the gastric system the extracts of fresh microcapsules were released from 7.7% to 14.5%, while values of 26.5% to 53.3% were observed for those dried. For the intestinal system, the higher release was observed for dried microcapsules (59.9% to 78.4%) than for those fresh (26.3% to 30.2%). Thus, it was demonstrated that the alginate microcapsule protected the extracts until they were delivered to the target site in the GI model, and this effect was better with the dried microcapsules of Flourensia spp. This study would set the guide for the application of Flourensia spp. extracts in order to take advantage of their benefits to human health.Author G.N. Puente Romero thanks Mexican Science and Technology Council (CONACYT, Mexico) for MSc fellowship support. Authors would like to thank to María Guadalupe Moreno Esquivel, Edith E. Chaires Colunga, Olga L. Solís Hernández, and M. Leticia Rodríguez González of the Phytochemistry Laboratory from Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, for their support in the lab experiments.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Valorization of pineapple waste for the extraction of bioactive compounds and glycosides using autohydrolysis

Autohydrolysis process, an alternative technology that uses only water as extraction solvent, was evaluated for the extraction of glycosides and polyphenols from pineapple waste. A Box-Behnken design was carried out using different temperatures (150200°C), solid-liquid ratio (1:401:10w/v) and reaction time (1545min). The best condition for the production of glucose (27.6g/L) and fructose (33.8g/L) was 150°C, 30min and 1:10w/v while the highest amount of extracted total polyphenols (1.75g/L) was obtained at 200°C, 30min and 1:10w/v solid-liquid ratio. In all treatments were detected gallic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, coumaric acid and caffeic acid. These results indicate autohydrolysis as a valuable alternative for the sustainable extraction of high value-added molecules for further use in industrial, food, cosmetic and health applications.The authors thank to BiValBi (Biotechnologies to Valorize the regional food Biodiversity in Latin America) project with reference PIRSES-GA-2013-611493 by financial support. J.A. Teixeira and A. Romaní thank financial support obtained by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-010145-FEDER-006684) and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145FEDER-000004) funded by European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Application of edible nanolaminate coatings with antimicrobial extract of Flourensia cernua to extend the shelf-life of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit

Supplementarymaterialrelatedtothisarticlecanbefound,inthe online version, at doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2018.12. 008.Edible coatings have potential to reduce postharvest losses of fruit such as tomato. In this study, the effects of nanolaminate coatings incorporated with extracts of Flourensia cernua, an endemic plant of the arid and semi-arid regions of Mexico, has been investigated. Ethanol extracts of F. cernua (FcE) were prepared and incorporated into polyelectrolyte solutions of alginate and chitosan. The nanolaminates were characterized by determining the zeta potential, contact angle and water vapor and oxygen permeabilities. Shelf-life analyses (20°C for 15 d) were carried out with uncoated fruit (UCF), nanolaminate coating (NL) and nanolaminate coating with FcE (NL+FcE). Physicochemical analyses, gas exchange rates of O2 and CO2 and ethylene production, as well as microbiological analyses of treated fruit were measured. Zeta potential and contact angle measurements confirmed the successful assembly of successive nanolayers of alginate and chitosan, as well as those with F. cernua. The nanolaminate coatings resulted in decreased permeabilities to water and O2. The best treatment of NL+FcE, extended the shelf-life of fruit by reducing weight loss and microbial growth, reducing gas exchange and ethylene production, and maintaining firmness and color. The NL+FcE treatment are an alternative to extend the shelf-life of tomato fruit.Author E. de J. Salas-Méndez thanks Mexican Science and Technology Council (CONACYT, Mexico) for PhD fellowship support. Authors want to thank PhD Zlatina Genisheva for the proof reading of the manuscript and suggestions to the same; also, to:MaríaGuadalupe Moreno Esquivel, Edith E. Chaires Colunga, Olga L. Solís Hernández and M. Leticia Rodríguez González of the Phytochemistry Laboratory from Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, for their assistance in obtaining extracts and chemical composition.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Reflexiones universitarias. San Pedro Valencia: renovación urbana, saneamiento ambiental y emprendimientos turísticos. Otoño 2015

Los trabajos que aquí se presentan se elaboraron por las y los estudiantes como parte de las actividades del Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional (PAP) “San Pedro Valencia: renovación urbana, saneamiento ambiental y emprendimientos turísticos”, durante el periodo de Otoño de 2015. A lo largo del periodo los autores compartieron sus reflexiones en torno a su percepción sobre el contexto en el que actúa el PAP; sobre las alternativas posibles a la problemática detectada y lo que significa pensar una alternativa; sobre los sujetos con los que se ha interactuado a lo largo de la experiencia de trabajo y sobre el papel del profesionista y del ciudadano en un mundo como el que nos tocó vivir. La obra está compuesta por reflexiones personales de las y los estudiantes que, explorando estas temáticas, comparten sus aprendizajes y observaciones de forma vívida.ITESO, A.C

Hexavalent Chromium Reduction under Fermentative Conditions with Lactate Stimulated Native Microbial Communities

This work conducted by ENIGMA- Ecosystems and Networks Integrated with Genes and Molecular Assemblies (http://enigma.lbl.gov), a Scientific Focus Area Program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The submitted manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the U.S. Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.Conceived and designed the experiments: ACS JJM MP TJP SDB AVP DAE. Performed the experiments: ACS JJM ZKY. Analyzed the data: ACS JJM TY JDVN JZ DAE. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DAE TCH APA. Wrote the paper: ACS JJM DAE.Microbial reduction of toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in-situ is a plausible bioremediation strategy in electron-acceptor limited environments. However, higher Cr(VI) may impose stress on syntrophic communities and impact community structure and function. The study objectives were to understand the impacts of Cr(VI) concentrations on community structure and on the Cr(VI)-reduction potential of groundwater communities at Hanford, WA. Steady state continuous flow bioreactors were used to grow native communities enriched with lactate (30 mM) and continuously amended with Cr(VI) at 0.0 (No-Cr), 0.1 (Low-Cr) and 3.0 (High-Cr) mg/L. Microbial growth, metabolites, Cr(VI), 16S rRNA gene sequences and GeoChip based functional gene composition were monitored for 15 weeks. Temporal trends and differences in growth, metabolite profiles, and community composition were observed, largely between Low-Cr and High-Cr bioreactors. In both High-Cr and Low-Cr bioreactors, Cr(VI) levels were below detection from week 1 until week 15. With lactate enrichment, native bacterial diversity substantially decreased as Pelosinus spp., and Sporotalea spp., became the dominant groups, but did not significantly differ between Cr concentrations. The Archaea diversity also substantially decreased after lactate enrichment from Methanosaeta (35%), Methanosarcina (17%) and others, to mostly Methanosarcina spp. (95%). Methane production was lower in High-Cr reactors suggesting some inhibition of methanogens. Several key functional genes were distinct in Low-Cr bioreactors compared to High-Cr. Among the Cr resistant microbes, Burkholderia vietnamiensis, Comamonas testosterone and Ralstonia pickettii proliferated in Cr amended bioreactors. In-situ fermentative conditions facilitated Cr(VI) reduction, and as a result 3.0 mg/L Cr(VI) did not impact the overall bacterial community structure.Yeshttp://www.plosone.org/static/editorial#pee