Kernel Logistic Regression-linear for Leukemia Classification Using High Dimensional Data

Kernel Logistic Regression (KLR) is one of the statistical models that has been proposed for classification in the machine learning and data mining communities, and also one of the effective methodologies in the kernel–machine techniques. Basely, KLR is kernelized version of linear Logistic Regression (LR). Unlike LR, KLR has ability to classify data with non linear boundary and also can accommodate data with very high dimensional and very few instances. In this research, we proposed to study the use of Linear Kernel on KLR in order to increase the accuracy of Leukemia Classification. Leukemia is one of the cancer types that causes mortality in medical diagnosis problem. Improving the accuracy of Leukemia Classification is essential for more effective diagnosis and treatment of Leukemia disease. The Leukemia data sets consists of 7120 (very high dimensional) DNA micro arrays data of 72 (very few instances) patient samples on the state of Leukemia types. In Leukemia classification based upon gene expression, monitoring data using DNA micro array offer hope to achieve an objective and highly accurate classification. It can be demonstrated that the use of Linear Kernel on Kernel Logistic Regression (KLR–Linear) can improve the performance in classifying Leukemia patient samples and also can be shown that KLR–Linear has better accuracy than KLR–Polynomial and Penalized Logistic Regression

Ultrastructural Changes and Bacterial Localization in Buffalo Calves Following Oral Exposure to Pasteurella multocida B:2

This study describes the ultrastructural changes and distribution of P. multocida B:2 in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts of buffalo calves following oral exposure and compared with intratracheal exposure. Nine 8-month old buffalo calves were divided into 3 groups. At the start of the experiment, dexamethasone (1mg/kg) was injected intramuscularly into buffaloes of all groups for three consecutive days. Then, calves of Group 1 were exposed orally to 50ml of the inoculum containing 109 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL of live P. multocida B:2. Calves of Group 2 were exposed intra-tracheal to the same inoculum while calves of Group 3 were exposed orally to PBS. Transient and mild clinical signs were observed in calves of Groups 1 and 2. Pasteurella multocida B:2 was isolated from the nasal mucosa for up to 5 days post-infection. Only calf that was killed at 48 h post-infection had P. multocida B:2 in both respiratory and gastro-intestinal tracts showing ultrastructural changes typical of acute cellular injury, with degeneration of endothelium and vascular walls. There were deciliation in the respiratory and microvilli degeneration in the gastrointestinal tracts. The study concludes that oral exposure may not play major role in the development of hemorrhagic septicemia. Nevertheless, the buffalo calf that succumbed to hemorrhagic septicemia carried P. multocida B:2 in the gastro-intestinal organs

Immunohistochemical evaluation of lesions in the gastrointestinal tract of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves orally exposed to Pasteurella multocida B:2

The gastrointestinal lesions and bacterial distribution of buffalo calves were evaluated histologically using immunoperoxidase, following oral exposure to wild-type Pasteurella multocida B:2 at 109cfu/mL in   phosphate buffered saline. The lesions were basically of mild to severe mucohaemorrhagic abomasitis and  enteritis.The lesions were confirmed to be associated with the inoculated P. multocida B:2, using the   immunoperoxidase technique. P. multocida B:2 antigen was detected not only in the bacterial clusters in  the gastric pits, intestinal epithelia and capillaries, Brünner’s glands and Crypt of Lieberkühn but was also  seen interacting with infiltrating neutrophils and macrophages intracellularly and on the surface of  erythrocyte in congested vessels and haemorrhages. We observed higher localization and distribution of the  immunoperoxidase reaction with increased severity of lesions along the gastrointestinal tract. This suggest intensity increases with increased amount of P. multocida B:2 or antigen in the tissue, which  possibly leads to increase tissue damage.Keywords: Buffalo calves, Gastrointestinal lesions, Immunoperoxidase, Oral infection, Pasteurella  multocida B:

Treatment of wastewater using response surface methodology: a brief review

Response surface methodology (RSM) is widely applied to gathering knowledge on the interactions among parameters that require optimization during the treatment of wastewater. It can be used to optimize parameters during the process of treating wastewater, e.g., landfill leachate. The experimental design methods are useful to evaluate the parameters involved in a treatment with the minimum number of experiments. This will reduce the need for reagents and materials for experiments, which finally causes both time and expense to be increased. Anaerobic digestion of wastewater technologies escalated depending on the design configuration of the reactor. Several important parameters are taken into consideration in designing an anaerobic reactor such as operating conditions, seed sludge, wastewater composition and mixing. To construct a highly efficient degradation system, it is necessary to optimize such effective parameters. As a result, the advanced statistical design is used for process characterization, optimization and modelling. In this paper, the fundamentals of RSM and its application in the anaerobic treatment of wastewater was discussed in brief. The various works done in an anaerobic reactor using RSM for prediction and optimization are given

Factors Affecting Current Ratings for Underground and Air Cables

The aim of this paper is to present a parametric study to determine the major factors that influence the calculations of current rating for both air and underground cables. The current carrying capability of the power cables rely largely on the installation conditions and material properties. In this work, the influences on ampacity of conductor size, soil thermal resistivity and ambient soil temperature for underground installations are shown. The influences on the current-carrying capacity of solar heating (time of day effects and intensity of solar radiation), ambient air temperature and cable size for cables air are also presented. IEC and IEEE standards are taken as reference

LOW LEVEL OF CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 TRANSCRIPT IN THE SPLEEN OF LYMPHOMA RATS SUPPLEMENTED WITH GARLIC POWDER

Cyclooxygenases (COXs) regulate tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in many types of cancers including hematological cancers. Organosulfursderived from garlic have a potential to inhibit the expression of COX-2 in cancer patients.Objective: In this study, we evaluate the transcription levels of COX-2 in the spleen of lymphoma rats supplemented with garlic powder.Methods: Three groups of rats were equally divided into control (n=3), lymphoma (n=3), and lymphoma supplemented with garlic powder (n=3)groups. Lymphoma was induced via administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) intraperitoneally 4 times in 2 week periods. Garlic powdermixed with ground commercial rat diet was given daily at 5% of feed intake, starting at day 1 of MNU exposure. All rats were kept for 24 weeks beforespleen samples were collected and extracted for total RNA. The transcription levels of COX-2 transcript in the total RNA were determined usingquantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay. The total RNA was converted into cDNA followed by amplification ofCOX-2 and beta-actin genes.Results: Results of the amplification of COX-2 transcripts were normalized with the housekeeping gene, beta-actin. The relative transcription levelof COX-2 transcript in the spleen of lymphoma rats was 1.941±0.131 fold higher (p<0.05) than control rats (1.00±0.001 fold), while the transcriptionlevels in the spleen of lymphoma rats supplemented with garlic was significantly lower (0.423±0.239 SE fold) than the lymphoma rats that receivedno supplementation of garlic powder.Conclusion: The findings suggest that garlic powder reduces the transcription of COX-2 transcript in the spleen of lymphoma ratsKeywords: Garlic, Cyclooxygenase-2, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, Splenic lymphoma, Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay

Dissolved gas analysis of transformers based on rough set and fuzzy logic methods

Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is one of the common approaches that can be used to detect incipient faults in transformers. According to IEEE C57/104-2008 and IEC 60599 standards, there are many DGA techniques that can be used to interpret the type of faults. In this paper, an alternative method to diagnose faults in transformers based on Rough Set (RS) and Fuzzy Logic (FL) is proposed. The rules for the FL are generated from the attributes of RS. Based on this method, it was found that the efficiency of the fault interpretation based on RS/FL is improved compared to the conventional methods in standards

A review on quality enhancement of oil palm trunk waste by resin impregnation: future materials

Oil palm trunk (OPT) is a solid waste obtained in large quantities after the felling of oil palm trees and is available year-round. Scientists and industrialists face difficulties in utilizing these solid wastes for different applications due to great variations in their physical and mechanical properties. Because OPT consists of lignocellulosic materials, its cellulosic material is utilized in the production of panel products such as particleboard, medium density fibreboard, mineral-bonded particleboard, block board, and cement board. In order to control the OPT waste, it is essential to consider its alternative utilization inside buildings as lightweight construction materials and furniture. The impregnation of different resins in wood and non-wood materials can improve the quality of the OPT, making it possible to utilize OPT as raw materials for different applications. The enhanced properties and good appearance of impregnated OPT have found use in high-grade furniture and housing materials. In order to further evaluate its potential, this review has been compiled for the detailed study of various properties, characteristics, and applications of OPT

Medium voltage capacitor banks: characterization and transients generated

This review presents an analysis of the over voltage electromagnetic transient’s phenomena during an energizing and de-energizing of capacitor banks. The investigation has been extended to non-linear loads and distributed power systems in medium voltage electrical system. In addition, sensitive analyses of characterization impact factors have been discussed. Effects of switching transients of the capacitor bank on the regression of power quality in distribution systems have been analyzed and the results are presented in detail. The outcome of this study provides practically significant information for the power engineers that design electrical networks for medium voltage distribution systems

Use of seashell as cement replacement in construction material

Growing construction industry boost cement manufacturing industry which consume a large amount of natural resources and releases greenhouse gases during cement production affects the environment. A lot of researchers attempt to find alternatives in integrating waste into concrete mixes and can be reused in cementitious construction material. Seashells are one of the waste materials that would give harm to their own biodiversity as it would occupy the landfills and seashores. Seashell is known to be very hard and protective on the outer layer produced by an animal that lives in the sea. This review paper is focused in using seashells as cement replacements in construction material. This academic review paper examines the potential of utilizing seashells, including various types such as a cockle, clam, oyster, and scallop as a sustainable and environmentally beneficial alternative to traditional usage in construction. By exploring the practical applications and economic viability of seashell-based concrete, this research aims to contribute to the broader discourse on eco-friendly construction practices and sustainable resources utilization in the construction industry