30 research outputs found
Propuesta metodol贸gica para aplicaci贸n de normatividad en sostenibilidad tur铆stica
La preocupaci贸n mundial por el agotamiento de los recursos naturales y sus consecuencias en la vida de la poblaci贸n, hizo que los estados replantearan el esquema de desarrollo que hasta el momento se ven铆a gestando, de esta manera, se realiz贸 este proyecto en atenci贸n a las din谩micas que han cautivado la preocupaci贸n en cuanto a la generaci贸n de altos niveles de contaminaci贸n e impactos sobre las poblaciones locales, en tanto el turismo es una econom铆a en continuo crecimiento y una de las industrias que contribuye con el deterioro de los recursos, cuando no se planifica bajo par谩metros de sostenibilidad. Para ello el Viceministerio de Turismo, Fontur y Cotelco elaboraron algunas gu铆as a disposici贸n de los prestadores de servicios tur铆sticos para dar cumplimiento a la normatividad en sostenibilidad tur铆stica, sin embargo, no se ha logrado un avance significativo, ya que existen diversos factores que inciden notablemente en la implementaci贸n de las normas t茅cnicas sectoriales en sostenibilidad tur铆stica, esto debido a deficiencias en el tejido empresarial del sector donde se constata problemas en la atenci贸n al cliente, de adaptaci贸n en nuevas tecnolog铆as, deficiencia en un segundo idioma e insuficiencia de formativa profesional y especializada en materia de turismo. El presente proyecto de grado, dise帽a una propuesta metodol贸gica mediante instrumentos que facilitan la comprensi贸n y aplicaci贸n de la normatividad colombiana existente sobre sostenibilidad tur铆stica, con la finalidad de promover en los prestadores de servicios tur铆sticos la implementaci贸n de las normas de sostenibilidad tur铆stica. Por ello se ha dise帽ado cinco herramientas gu铆as para facilitar su compresi贸n en aras de la certificaci贸n, logrando as铆 darle acatamiento a la resoluci贸n 3860 del 2015 la cual reglamenta el cumplimiento de las Normas T茅cnicas Sectoriales. Para lograr lo anterior, se abord贸 el proceso de investigaci贸n mediante dos metodolog铆as: la exploratoria y la proyectiva para llevar a cabo los objetivos espec铆ficos e iniciar con la elaboraci贸n de las gu铆as que buscan facilitar la vinculaci贸n hacia las buenas pr谩cticas de sostenibilidad en cumplimiento de las exigencias ambientales, socio culturales, econ贸micas y legales relacionadas con el turismo sostenible
Evaluaci贸n de las zonas de recarga h铆drica en relaci贸n a las formaciones vegetales en la parroquia Angochagua
Evaluar las zonas de recarga h铆drica en relaci贸n a las formaciones vegetales en la parroquia Angochagua, provincia de Imbabura.La parroquia Angochagua se caracteriza por poseer fuentes h铆dricas superficiales y subterr谩neas en ecosistemas altoandinos de p谩ramo, bosque y vegetaci贸n arbustiva. Sin embargo, la existencia de pr谩cticas agr铆colas y pecuarias sin las debidas medidas de conservaci贸n, crecimiento de la frontera agr铆cola e incendios forestales, han provocado la p茅rdida de cobertura vegetal y la reducci贸n en la disponibilidad del recurso h铆drico. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las zonas de recarga h铆drica en relaci贸n a las formaciones vegetales presentes en la parroquia Angochagua, a trav茅s de la metodolog铆a de Matus (2007). Donde, se identifica cartogr谩ficamente las zonas potenciales de recarga h铆drica presentes en las diferentes formaciones vegetales en funci贸n a la pendiente, litolog铆a, tipo de suelo, uso de suelo y cobertura vegetal permanente. Para las 谩reas que presentan un potencial de recarga h铆drica alto y muy alto se proponen lineamientos de manejo y conservaci贸n de los recursos naturales. De los resultados obtenidos las zonas de recarga con mayor superficie corresponden a recarga h铆drica alta con 4001,15 ha presentes en las comunidades de La Rinconada y Zuleta y RH muy alta con 151,65 ha en la comunidad de Zuleta. Se determin贸 que el tipo de formaci贸n vegetal es uno de los factores de mayor incidencia en la posibilidad de recarga h铆drica, los suelos cubiertos de bosque natural presentan una posibilidad de recarga h铆drica alta, debido a que este tipo de bosque se caracteriza por tener una vegetaci贸n madura con sistema de ra铆ces profundos, mayor densidad boscosa y alto contenido de materia org谩nica, caracter铆sticas que mejoran las propiedades del suelo e incrementan la capacidad de almacenamiento de agua
Trends of maxillofacial trauma : an update from the prospective register of a multicenter study in emergency services of Chile
Determine the behavior of the maxillofacial trauma of adults treated in 3 tertiary care centers in the central zone of Chile. Descriptive, cross-sectional, multicenter study, based on the prospective records of maxillofacial trauma cases attended between May 2016 and April 2017 by dental and maxillofacial clinical teams of Adult Emergency Units of hospitals Dr. S贸tero del R铆o (metropolitan region), Carlos Van Buren and Dr. Gustavo Fricke (region V). Age, sex, date of occurrence, type of trauma according to ICD-10, etiology, legal medical prognosis and associated injuries were recorded, stratifying by sex and age. Chi square and unpaired Wilcoxon tests were used to compare by groups. 2.485 cases and 3.285 injuries were investigated. The male: female ratio was 1.7: 1 with age under 30 predominant, followed by older adults. Variability was observed in the yearly, weekly and daily presentation. The highest frequencies were in January and September, weekends and at night. The main etiologies were violence (42.3%), falls (13.1%) and road traffic crashes (12.9%) with differences by age and sex (p<0.05). 31,9% of the injuries occurred in hard tissue, being fractures in nasal bones predominant (S02.2). The profile of the maxillofacial trauma in Chile seems to be mixed by age, affecting young people and the elderly. The male sex predominates; the main cause, which varies by age group, is violence. Their surveillance is possible from hospital emergency records
Restrained Th17 response and myeloid cell infiltration into the central nervous system by human decidua-derived mesenchymal stem cells during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Background: Multiple sclerosis is a widespread inflammatory demyelinating disease. Several immunomodulatory therapies are available, including interferon-尾, glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, fingolimod, and mitoxantrone. Although useful to delay disease progression, they do not provide a definitive cure and are associated with some undesirable side-effects. Accordingly, the search for new therapeutic methods constitutes an active investigation field. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to modify the disease course is currently the subject of intense interest. Decidua-derived MSCs (DMSCs) are a cell population obtained from human placental extraembryonic membranes able to differentiate into the three germ layers. This study explores the therapeutic potential of DMSCs.
Methods: We used the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) animal model to evaluate the effect of DMSCs on clinical signs of the disease and on the presence of inflammatory infiltrates in the central nervous system. We also compared the inflammatory profile of spleen T cells from DMSC-treated mice with that of EAE control animals, and the influence of DMSCs on the in vitro definition of the Th17 phenotype. Furthermore, we analyzed the effects on the presence of some critical cell types in central nervous system infiltrates.
Results: Preventive intraperitoneal injection of DMSCs resulted in a significant delay of external signs of EAE. In addition, treatment of animals already presenting with moderate symptoms resulted in mild EAE with reduced disease scores. Besides decreased inflammatory infiltration, diminished percentages of CD4+IL17+, CD11b+Ly6G+ and CD11b+Ly6C+ cells were found in infiltrates of treated animals. Early immune response was mitigated, with spleen cells of DMSC-treated mice displaying low proliferative response to antigen, decreased production of interleukin (IL)-17, and increased production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. Moreover, lower ROR纬T and higher GATA-3 expression levels were detected in DMSC-treated mice. DMSCs also showed a detrimental influence on the in vitro definition of the Th17 phenotype.
Conclusions: DMSCs modulated the clinical course of EAE, modified the frequency and cell composition of the central nervous system infiltrates during the disease, and mediated an impairment of Th17 phenotype establishment in favor of the Th2 subtype. These results suggest that DMSCs might provide a new cell-based therapy for the control of multiple sclerosis.This work was sponsored by grants from Acci贸n Estrat茅gica en Salud (PI13/00297 and PI11/00581), the Neurosciences and Aging Foundation, the Francisco Soria Melguizo Foundation, Octopharma, and Parkinson Madrid (PI2012/0032).S
Manual sobre desarrollo del lenguaje. Segunda parte
Hemos elegido analizar, a trav茅s de la elaboraci贸n del texto: Manual para el Desarrollo del Lenguaje II, las estrategias metodol贸gicas que se han venido empleando durante el desarrollo de la asignatura Desarrollo de la comunicaci贸n I
Social innovation from the institutions of higher education in Medell铆n, Antioquia: A conceptual view [La innovaci贸n social desde las instituciones de educaci贸n superior en Medell铆n - Antioquia: Una mirada conceptual]
The present article investigates the concepts of social innovation in the framework of Higher Education Institutions from the global context and developed in the Department of Antioquia. The methodology is qualitative and consists of a literature review in the national and international scope, interviews with influential actors such as managers, researchers and key managers of social innovation in Medellin as the Network of Social Innovation from Higher Education (RISES). The results show that the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Aburr谩 are located the Universities, nodes and networks, which are in charge of leading the Plan of Science, Technology and Innovation, with the help of the Corporaci贸n Ruta N, as guidance of Processes at the local and national levels
Bone Marrow Transplantation in Hindlimb Muscles of Motoneuron Degenerative Mice Reduces Neuronal Death and Improves Motor Function
Trends of maxillofacial trauma: An update from the prospective register of a multicenter study in emergency services of Chile
Influence of biodiesel fuel composition on the morphology and microstructure of particles emitted from diesel engines
This study investigates the morphology, microstructure and surface composition of Diesel engine exhaust particles. The state of agglomeration, the primary particle size and the fractal dimension of exhaust particles from petroleum Diesel (petrodiesel) and biodiesel blends from microalgae, cotton seed and waste cooking oil were investigated by means of high resolution transmission electron microscopy. With primary particle diameters between 12-19 nm, biodiesel blend primary particles are found to be smaller than petrodiesel ones (21卤2 nm). Also it was found that soot agglomerates from biodiesels are more compact and spherical, as their fractal dimensions are higher, e.g. 2.2卤0.1 for 50% algae biodiesel compared to 1.7卤0.1 for petrodiesel. In addition, analysis of the chemical composition by means of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed an up to a factor of two increased oxygen content on the primary particle surface for biodiesel. The length, curvature and distance of graphene layers were measured showing a greater structural disorder for biodiesel with shorter fringes of higher tortuosity. This change in carbon chemistry may reflect the higher oxygen content of biofuels. Overall, it seems that the oxygen content in the fuels is the underlying reason for the observed morphological change in the resulting soot particles