La polisemia verbal - intento de explicación con la ayuda de los verbos de movimiento

In Spanish, motion verbs are among the verbs that show most polysemic variation. Apart from being used in a literal sense, they also appear in periphrastical expressions that encode temporal and aspectual information. The article shows how the grammatical value of motion verbs is deduced from their lexical meaning, and how both meanings can be distinguished on a formal level due to formal restrictions imposed on certain versions that appear when the grammatical meaning stands in contradiction to some aspects of the lexical meaning

Language ideologies among Spanish-speaking migrants in Germany: insights from language conflict narratives

When migrants move to a new country, they often encounter challenges in understanding and being understood. Narratives serve as a way for individuals to make sense of these experiences, reflecting on their own and other people’s actions, beliefs, attitudes, and intentions while weaving them into coherent stories. This study examines narratives of problematic language incidents among Latin American migrants living in Germany within a language ideologies framework, using narrative analysis and positioning theory. Special emphasis is placed on how the narrators position themselves and other characters relative to widely shared language ideologies. Within the narratives, three pivotal language ideologies emerge: 1. The one-nation-one-language ideology, 2. The native standard ideology, and 3. The ideology of global English. Through their positioning acts, the narrators make moral claims and either affirm or challenge prevailing language ideologies, along with the embedded moral values. While the participants resist marginalization based on exclusionary ideologies of linguistic nationalism and native speakerism, they nevertheless uphold the ideals of a linguistically homogeneous nation-state and the native speaker model. Moreover, they support the use of English as a global language to bridge linguistic inequalities, but tend to overlook its exclusionary potential.Cuando emigramos a otro país, frecuentemente enfrentamos desafíos para comunicarnos. Contar historias es una forma de asimilar estas experiencias, reflexionando sobre acciones, creencias, actitudes e intenciones propias y ajenas, e integrándolas en una historia coherente. A través del análisis narrativo y la teoría del posicionamiento bajo el enfoque de las ideologías lingüísticas, este estudio examina narrativas de migrantes latinoamericanos en Alemania sobre incidentes problemáticos relacionados con el idioma. Se enfatiza cómo los y las narradores/as se posicionan a sí mismos/as y a otros personajes respecto a ideologías lingüísticas. Surgen tres ideologías fundamentales: 1. la ideología de “una lengua, una nación”, 2. la ideología de la lengua estándar y el hablante nativo y 3. la ideología del inglés como lengua global. Al posicionarse, los y las narradores/as afirman o cuestionan, según el caso, las ideologías lingüísticas predominantes y los respectivos valores morales asociados a estas. Aunque se oponen a la marginación inscrita en ideologías como el nacionalismo lingüístico y el “native speakerism”, sostienen el ideal de un estado-nación lingüísticamente homogéneo y del hablante nativo como hablante modelo. Además, abogan por el uso del inglés como lengua global y medio para superar las desigualdades lingüísticas, obviando su potencial excluyente

Verbal violence – a first approximation based on Latin American migrants’ experiences in German institutions

This paper seeks to focus attention on hidden forms of violence against migrants that may affect their wellbeing and health but are particularly difficult to detect, document and study – given that they are not carried out by physical force but through language, and usually behind the walls of public institutions. As part of an interdisciplinary project, this contribution aims at (a) documenting migrants’ experiences of verbal interactions with representatives of German institutions, (b) understanding how violence emerges from overt and covert linguistic strategies, (c) determining typical settings of verbal violence and its prevalence within different kinds of institutions and migrant groups, (d) studying the biological responses of people facing acts of verbal violence, and (e) identifying possible health risks related to a constant exposure to these kinds of stressful situations. The ultimate goal is to help enhance the quality of communication in institutions by developing recommendations that are empirically grounded and practicable ac- cording to intercultural competence criteria

A monoclonal antibody raised against bacterially expressed MPV17 sequences shows peroxisomal, endosomal and lysosomal localisation in U2OS cells

Recessive mutations in the MPV17 gene cause mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, a fatal infantile genetic liver disease in humans. Loss of function in mice leads to glomerulosclerosis and sensineural deafness accompanied with mitochondrial DNA depletion. Mutations in the yeast homolog Sym1, and in the zebra fish homolog tra cause interesting, but not obviously related phenotypes, although the human gene can complement the yeast Sym1 mutation. The MPV17 protein is a hydrophobic membrane protein of 176 amino acids and unknown function. Initially localised in murine peroxisomes, it was later reported to be a mitochondrial inner membrane protein in humans and in yeast. To resolve this contradiction we tested two new mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against the human MPV17 protein in Western blots and immunohistochemistry on human U2OS cells. One of these monoclonal antibodies showed specific reactivity to a protein of 20 kD absent in MPV17 negative mouse cells. Immunofluorescence studies revealed colocalisation with peroxisomal, endosomal and lysosomal markers, but not with mitochondria. This data reveal a novel connection between a possible peroxisomal/endosomal/lysosomal function and mitochondrial DNA depletion

Instability of the insertional mutation in Cftr(TgH(neoim)Hgu )cystic fibrosis mouse model

BACKGROUND: A major boost to the cystic fibrosis disease research was given by the generation of various mouse models using gene targeting in embryonal stem cells. Moreover, the introduction of the same mutation on different inbred strains generating congenic strains facilitated the search for modifier genes. From the original Cftr(TgH(neoim)Hgu )CF mouse model we have generated using strict brother × sister mating two inbred Cftr(TgH(neoim)Hgu )mouse lines (CF/1 and CF/3). Thereafter, the insertional mutation was introgressed from CF/3 into three inbred backgrounds (C57BL/6, BALB/c, DBA/2J) generating congenic animals. In every backcross cycle germline transmission of the insertional mutation was monitored by direct probing the insertion via Southern RFLP. In order to bypass this time consuming procedure we devised an alternative PCR based protocol whereby mouse strains are differentiated at the Cftr locus by Cftr intragenic microsatellite genotypes that are tightly linked to the disrupted locus. RESULTS: Using this method we were able to identify animals carrying the insertional mutation based upon the differential haplotypic backgrounds of the three inbred strains and the mutant Cftr(TgH(neoim)Hgu )at the Cftr locus. Moreover, this method facilitated the identification of the precise vector excision from the disrupted Cftr locus in two out of 57 typed animals. This reversion to wild type status took place without any loss of sequence revealing the instability of insertional mutations during the production of congenic animals. CONCLUSIONS: We present intragenic microsatellite markers as a tool for fast and efficient identification of the introgressed locus of interest in the recipient strain during congenic animal breeding. Moreover, the same genotyping method allowed the identification of a vector excision event, posing questions on the stability of insertional mutations in mice

Connecting Obstetric, Maternity, Pediatric and Preventive Child Health Care:A Comparative Prospective Study Protocol

Collaboration between birth care and Preventive Child Health Care (PCHC) in the Netherlands is so far insufficient. The aim of the Connecting Obstetric; Maternity; Pediatric and PCHC (COMPLETE) study is to: (1) better understand the collaboration between birth care and PCHC and its underlying mechanisms (including barriers and facilitators); (2) investigate whether a new multidisciplinary strategy that is developed as part of the project will result in improved collaboration. To realize the first aim, a mixed-method study composed of a (focus group) interview study, a multiple case study and a survey study will be conducted. To realize the second aim, the new strategy will be piloted in two regions in an iterative process to evaluate and refine it, following the Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach. A prospective study will be conducted to compare outcomes related to child health, patient reported outcomes and experiences and quality of care between three different cohorts (i.e., those that were recruited before, during and after the implementation of the strategy). With our study we wish to contribute to a better understanding of collaboration in care and develop knowledge on how the integration of birth care and PCHC is envisioned by stakeholders, as well as how it can be translated into practice