DIFERENCIAL DE RENDA DO MIGRANTE DE RETORNO NORDESTINO POR SETOR DE TRABALHO

This paper analyzes the effect of discrimination of labor income by sex, colorand domicile situation among migrants returning from the Northeast in Brazil. The analysisconsiders four sectors of activity in the Northeast region: formal private sector, informalprivate sector, public and autonomous informal sector. To perform the yield differentialanalysis, the non-parametric method of Ñopo (2008) was used. The Ñopo model capturedincome discrimination by sex in relation to women in all sectors, except in the public sector.The results referring to the returnees by household situation were similar to the pairing bysex. In relation to the breakdown of income by race, the discrimination effect was negativein the aggregate labor market and in the private informal sector.Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o efeito discriminação derendimentos do trabalho por sexo, cor e situação de domicílio entre os migrantes deretorno nordestino. A análise considera quatro setores de atividade na região Nordeste:setor formal privado, informal privado, público e autônomo informal. Para se realizara análise do diferencial de rendimentos, utiliza-se o método não paramétrico deÑopo (2008). Como resultado, o modelo aponta discriminação de rendimentos porsexo em relação às mulheres em todos os setores, exceto no setor público. Ademais,os resultados referentes aos retornados por situação de domicílios são similares aopareamento por sexo. Em relação à decomposição de rendimento por cor, o efeitodiscriminação apresenta-se negativo no mercado de trabalho agregado e no setorinformal privado

Uso de filmes plásticos no solo para o cultivo de meloeiro irrigado

The aim of this study was the development of two cultivars of melon using different drip irrigation depths, in the absence or presence of plastic films buried at three soil depths. The experiment was conducted in an area with sandy soil using “10-00” and “Goldmine” cultivars. The experiment followed a split-split plot design, in randomized blocks, with three replicates. The treatments consisted of a combination of three irrigation levels (70; 85 and 100% of evapotranspiration) with the use of plastic films buried at depths of 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 m, besides the treatment without the use of plastic film. It was found that the applied water depths did not significantly influence crop development and the use of plastics promoted no increase in the growth, gas exchange, productivity and fruit quality of the “10-00” and “Goldmine”.O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento de duas cultivares de meloeiro submetido a diferentes lâminas de irrigação por gotejamento, na ausência ou presença de filmes plásticos enterrados a três profundidades do solo. O experimento foi instalado numa área com solo arenoso, sendo o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, dispostos em esquema de parcelas sub-subdivididas, sendo as parcelas compostas pelos filmes plásticos enterrados a 0,2; 0,3 e 0,4 m e sem plástico: as subparcelas representadas por três lâminas de irrigação (70; 85 e 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura) e duas cultivaresde melão (10-00 e Goldmine), com três repetições. Verificou-se que as lâminas aplicadas não influenciaram significativamente no desenvolvimento da cultura e o uso de plásticos não proporcionaram incremento no crescimento, nas trocas gasosas, na produtividade e na qualidade dos frutos das cultivares “10-00” e “Goldmine”

Position statement of the Brazilian Academy of Rhinology on the use of antihistamines, antileukotrienes, and oral corticosteroids in the treatment of inflammatory sinonasal diseases

Introduction: Inflammatory conditions of the nose and paranasal sinuses are very prevalent in the general population, resulting in marked loss of quality of life in affected patients, as well as significant work, leisure, and social activity losses. These patients require specific and specialized treatment. A wide range of oral medications are available. Objective: The present document is aimed to clarify, for professionals treating patients with inflammatory sinonasal diseases, both specialists and general practitioners, specific oral therapies in noninfectious nasal inflammatory conditions. Methods: The methodology used to create this article included the search for the key words: oral corticosteroids, antihistamines, antileukotrienes, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases in the last 5 years. Since no relevant article was found for the text on the subject of interest in the last 5 years, the search was extended for another 5 years, and so on, according to the authors' needs. Results: Relevant literature was found regarding the use of antihistamines, antileukotrienes and oral corticosteroids in these conditions. The Brazilian Academy of Rhinology emphasizes, after extensive discussion by the collegiate, key points in the treatment with these drugs. Conclusion: There is support in the literature for the use of these drugshowever, final considerations about the role of each of them have been made. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. on behalf of Associacao Brasileira de Otorrino-laringologia e Cirurgia Cervico-Facial.Univ Sao Paulo, Disciplina Otorrinolaringol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Otorrinolaringol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Otorrinolaringol, Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Ciencias Saude, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Otorrinolaringol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Med, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Bahia, Fac Med, Disciplina Otorrinolaringol, Salvador, BA, BrazilHosp Inst Paranaense Otorrinolaringol, Centro Rinite & Alergia, Curitiba, PR, BrazilUniv Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Brasilia, Fac Med, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Otorrinolaringol & Cabeca & Pescoco, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Luterana Brasil, Fac Med, Otorrinolaringol, Canoas, RS, BrazilMt Sinai Hosp, Dept Othorhinolaryngol, Toronto, ON, CanadaUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Ciencias, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Oftalmol Otorrinolaringol & Cirurgia Cabeca, Ribeirao Preto, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Ciencias Saude, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Otorrinolaringol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Otorrinolaringol & Cabeca & Pescoco, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Anthropophilic activity of Aedes aegypti and of Aedes albopictus in area under control and surveillance

OBJECTIVE: To describe the hematophagous activity of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in an area under control and surveillance. METHODS: The study was conducted during 18 months, from April, 1993 to October, 1994, in Cosmópolis, São Paulo state, Brazil. Human baits were used to collect mosquitoes. The number of females captured is presented monthly by area of the city and local in the household. The rainfall was measured and indices are presented without model adjustment. RESULTS: The presence of females of both species was observed in 83% (Ae albopictus) and 61% (Ae. aegypti) of the period studied. The months of January, February and March presented the highest rates of activity for females of both species, with Ae. albopictus being more frequently captured than Ae. aegypti. Both species were captured in central and peripheral areas of the city, during the day from 9 to 12 am and from 4 to 7 pm. By a Poisson regression, it was observed that Ae. albopictus females were more frequently captured in the peri-housed area, in an independent way considering the area of the city. CONCLUSIONS: It has been identified difference on the hematophagous activity only for Ae. albopictus, being of importance the outside area of the house.OBJETIVO: Descrever a atividade de hematofagia de Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus em área submetida ao controle e à vigilância entomológica. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado de abril de 1993 a setembro de 1994, na cidade de Cosmópolis, Estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se isca humana para coleta dos exemplares. Calculou-se o número médio mensal de fêmeas capturadas por domicílio segundo as áreas central e periférica do município e os locais intra e peridomiciliar. Apresenta-se o índice pluviométrico mensal sem ajuste de modelo. RESULTADOS: Observou-se a presença de fêmeas das espécies em 83% (Ae. albopictus) e 61% (Ae. aegypti) do período estudado. Os meses de janeiro, fevereiro e março apresentaram maior atividade de fêmeas para as duas espécies, com maior presença de Ae. albopictus do que de Ae. aegypti. Os exemplares foram capturados na área central e periférica da cidade, nos períodos matutino, das 9:00 às 12:00 e crepuscular vespertino, das 16:00 às 19:00. Com utilização de modelo de regressão de Poisson, observou-se que fêmeas de Ae. albopictus foram mais capturadas no peridomicílio, independente se área central ou periférica. CONCLUSÕES: Foi detectada diferença no perfil de atividade da hematofagia somente para o Ae. albopictus, sendo de relevância o peridomicílio

Epidemiology of multimorbidity within the Brazilian adult general population:Evidence from the 2013 National Health Survey (PNS 2013)

Middle-income countries are facing a growing challenge of adequate health care provision for people with multimorbidity. The objectives of this study were to explore the distribution of multimorbidity and to identify patterns of multimorbidity in the Brazilian general adult population. Data from 60202 adults, aged ≥18 years that completed the individual questionnaire of the National Health Survey 2013 (Portuguese: "Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde"-"PNS") was used. We defined multimorbidity as the presence of two or more chronic conditions, including self-reported diagnoses and responses to the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire for depression. Multivariate Poisson regression analyses were used to explore relationship between multimorbidity and demographic factors. Exploratory tetrachoric factor analysis was performed to identify multimorbidity patterns. 24.2% (95% CI 23.5-24.9) of the study population were multimorbid, with prevalence rate ratios being significantly higher in women, older people and those with lowest educational level. Multimorbidity occurred earlier in women than in men, with half of the women and men aged 55-59 years and 65-69 years, respectively, were multimorbid. The absolute number of people with multimorbidity was approximately 2.5-fold higher in people younger than 65 years than older counterparts (9920 vs 3945). Prevalence rate ratios of any mental health disorder significantly increased with the number of physical conditions. 46.7% of the persons were assigned to at least one of three identified patterns of multimorbidity, including: "cardio-metabolic", "musculoskeletal-mental" and "respiratory" disorders. Multimorbidity in Brazil is as common as in more affluent countries. Women in Brazil develop diseases at younger ages than men. Our findings can inform a national action plan to prevent multimorbidity, reduce its burden and align health-care services more closely with patients' needs

Crecimiento económico y concentración del ingreso: sus efectos en la pobreza del Brasil

Para analizar los efectos del crecimiento económico y la desigualdad de los ingresos en la pobreza del Brasil se utilizan datos de panel para los estados brasileños de 1995 a 2009 y se evalúa la hipótesis de Bourguignon (2003) de que a mayor desigualdad en un país, menos eficaz resultará el crecimiento económico para reducir la pobreza. Estimamos las elasticidades pobreza-ingreso y pobrezadesigualdad mediante dos modelos econométricos dinámicos basados en el método generalizado de momentos de Arellano y Bond (1991), Arellano y Bover (1995) y Blundell y Bond (1998). Se concluye que a menor desarrollo inicial y mayor nivel de desigualdad inicial, menor incidencia tiene el aumento de los ingresos en la reducción de la pobreza. Las regiones con un nivel de desarrollo inicial limitado, una elevada desigualdad inicial, o ambos, presentan condiciones menos favorables para reducir la pobreza mediante el aumento del ingreso

Economic growth and income concentration and their effects on poverty in Brazil

We use panel data for Brazilian states from 1995 to 2009 to analyse the impact of economic growth and income inequality on poverty change in Brazil, seeking to evaluate the Bourguignon (2003) hypothesis that the more unequal a country is, the less effective economic growth will be at reducing poverty. To this end, we estimate poverty elasticities relative to income and inequality, specifying two dynamic econometric models estimated via the generalized method of moments (GMM) system developed by Arellano and Bond (1991), Arellano and Bover (1995) and Blundell and Bond (1998). The model-estimated results prompt the conclusion that the income growth effect on poverty reduction is smaller when the initial development level is low. The same is found when the initial inequality level is high. Therefore, regions with a low initial development level, high initial inequality or both present less favourable conditions for reducing poverty through income growth