449 research outputs found

    Missa "En l'ombre d'un buissonnet"

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    International audienceAntoine Brumel, compositeur rĂ©putĂ© du 15Ăšme siĂšcle, s’est inspirĂ© d’une chanson de son illustre contemporain Josquin Desprez, "En l’ombre d’un buissonnet". Comme dans la chanson de Josquin, la messe est organisĂ©e Ă  4 voix avec la superposition de deux canons Ă  2 voix. On peut noter la concision du Kyrie (9 mesures) et la briĂšvetĂ© gĂ©nĂ©rale de cette Missa (281 mesures), Ɠuvre la plus courte du compositeur. Brumel est Ă©galement auteur d’une quarantaine de motets, d’une quinzaine de messes complĂštes et d’une quinzaine de piĂšces profanes

    Mary W. Helms, Middle America: a Cultural History of Heartland and Frontiers

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    WARREN DEAN. — Rio Claro: A Brazilian Plantation System, 1820-1920.

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    Simulation des relations populations - ressources naturelles : prototype de modĂšle pour un terroir du Nord Cameroun

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    International audienceNous présentons ici un modÚle qui permet de comparer l'impact de la croissance démographique sur la gestion des ressources naturelles dans un systÚme agraire des zones de savane africaine. Le modÚle montre comment une population en croissance consomme de plus en plus de ressources jusqu'à un certain seuil en dessous duquel la productivité de ces ressources est affectée. Le modÚle réagit alors en investissant dans des techniques de régénération des ressources. L'objectif principal est de comparer plusieurs techniques de restauration de la fertilité comme l'intégration agriculture élevage, l'agroforesterie ou le semis sous couverture végétale. Pour l'instant le modÚle est à l'état de prototype. Le systÚme agraire en question est imaginaire mais nous avons appliqué des chiffres provenant de la littérature technique sur les cycles de matiÚre organique ou de biomasse dans les zones de savane. Les résultats du modÚle décrivent une courbe en U avec une phase de dégradation du stock initial et une phase de régénération. Le modÚle suggÚre que le potentiel existe pour maintenir une agriculture durable en combinant plusieurs techniques de restauration. Toutefois il suggÚre aussi qu'il faille des économies d'échelle pour que la productivité du travail ne décline pas. En absence d'économie d'échelle il est probable qu'une fois les seuils de dégradation des ressources atteints, les populations migrent vers des zones moins peuplées. (Résumé d'auteur

    SynthĂšse et caractĂ©risation d’oxydes mixtes de type MgAlCe pour l’oxydation catalytique de l’acide acĂ©tique

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    AbstractMgAl mixed oxide catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation and sol–gel methods. On each catalyst, cerium is deposited on the surface (0.14 mol%) in order to improve its reducibility. MgAlCe0.14_cp and MgAlCe0.14_sg catalysts have shown interesting properties caused by various oxygen species (O22−, O2− and/or O2−) located on the surface of the materials and provided by ceria (CeO2). In fact, the oxygen-storage capacity of these catalysts is increased for MgAlCe0.14_sg, whereas a synergy effect appears for MgAlCe0.14_cp. The results have shown that the reducibility of the catalysts is not related to the preparation method. However, the basicity of the catalysts prepared by the co-precipitation method is higher than that of the catalysts prepared by the sol–gel method. This basicity gives a high activity to co-precipitated catalysts, which is limited by the possible formation of carbonates during the oxidation reaction of acetic acid

    HOW TO EVALUATE THE IMPACTS OF THE EXTENSION OF INNOVATIVE FARMING SYSTEMS AT THE REGIONAL SCALE? SCENARIO ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN THE CAMARGUE

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    N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5International audienceThe Camargue, South of France, is an agricultural region highly multifunctional and with strong issues linking the environment and the society. Evaluating scenarios of alternative agricultural systems extension in this region imply to use tools that allow Prospective, Integrated, Multiscale and Participatory Assessment of Agricultural Systems (PIMPAAS). In this paper, we reviewed the use of three approaches (BEM, ABM and LUCC) for PIMPAAS. After a presentation of the three approaches, we analyzed their advantages and drawbacks, and possible complementarities. As it is not possible to implement the three approaches together at one time, our aim was to make a choice for the Camargue. We found LUCC to be the least suitable approach, mainly because it does not allow participatory processes at farm scale. BEM and MAS appeared to be the most suitable tools as they allow quantitative and ex-ante studies and are able to incorporate the three sustainability domains. Their ways of up-scaling are complementary: BEM seems efficient for up-scaling from field to farm and field to region, whereas MAS allow up-scaling without aggregation from farm to region. We believe that the combination of the two approaches will enable highly participatory evaluations of alternative farming systems. Using the results of this analysis, we recommend using a combination of MAS and BEM in a global framework. We are currently implementing a framework in the Camargue to test this combination and to evaluate its suitability for prospective, multiscale, multicriteria and participatory evaluation

    Sr 2 B 5 O 9 OH‱H 2 O, A SYNTHETIC BORATE RELATED TO HILGARDITE

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    ABSTRACT The crystal structure of a new strontium borate, Sr 2 B 5 O 9 OH‱H 2 O, space group C2, a 10.2571(6), b 8.0487(2), c 6.4043(4) Å, ␀ 127.860(2)°, Z = 2, has been determined by X-ray diffraction using a single crystal grown under hydrothermal conditions. The structure is closely related to that of the zeolite-like hilgardite minerals, Mots-clĂ©s: pentaborate de strontium hydratĂ©, pentaborate de calcium hydratĂ©, hilgardite, cristallochimie, structure cristalline, diffraction X
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