Physiological seed quality of 'BRS Mari' hot pepper during seed development and maturation.

Abstract 78

Synthesis, surface active and antimicrobial properties of new alkyl 2,6-dideoxy-L-arabino-hexopyranosides

Synthesis of alkyl 2,6-dideoxy-L-arabino-hexopyranosides was accomplished by the reaction of 1,5-anhydro-2,6-dideoxy-L-arabino-hex-1-enitol with fatty alcohols in dichloromethane, catalyzed by triphenylphosphine hydrobromide. Reaction with octanol and dodecanol gave the corresponding α-glycosides in 50% and 42% yield, the β-glycosides in 20% and 21% yield and the α-anomer of the Ferrier product in 10% and 9% yield, respectively.Deacetylation of the α-/β-glycosides with sodium methoxide in methanol afforded the amphiphilic L-arabino-hexopyranosides in 94–99% yield. The surface tension at the air–water interface of the octyl L-glycosides and of the dodecyl α-L-glycoside aqueous solutions at 35 °C was measured with a du Noüy ring tensiometer and surface properties such as critical micelle concentration (CMC), relative surface excess, molecular area at the interface and Gibbs micellization free energy were evaluated. The stereochemistry of the hexopyranoside ring in unimers and aggregates is correlated to the hydrophobicity and packing efficiency on the air–water interface. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the surface-active glycosides were evaluated using the paper disk diffusion method. The dodecyl α-L-arabino-hexopyranoside was quite active over Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis, while low activity was found for this glycoside over Enterococcus faecalis and Listeria monocytogenes. The octyl glycosides tested showed low activity over almost all the above-mentioned bacteria, and also over the fungus Candida albicans. No inhibition of Salmonella enteritidis and of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger was detected for any of the compounds tested.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Determinação da maturidade fisiológica de sementes de pimenta dedo de moça Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de pimenta da espécie C. baccatum var. pendulum obtidas de frutos em diferentes estádios de maturação

Envelhecimento acelerado e deterioração controlada para avaliação do vigor de sementes de lentilha.

Suplemento. Trabalho apresentado no Congresso Brasileiro de Olericultura, 50., 2010, Guarapari. Cinquenta anos contribuindo para a saúde da população brasileira. Trabalho A2754-T4555

Might Heterostyly Underlie Spider Occurrence On Inflorescences? A Case Study Of Palicourea Rigida (rubiaceae), A Common Shrub From Brazilian Cerrado

We carried out a research on the Palicourea rigida (Rubiaceae) inflorescences, a distylous shrub of Brazilian Cerrado. Our objective was to compare the inflorescence architectural complexity and its quality in the two floral morphs and search for any relationship with spider occurrence. In order to assess the quality of inflorescence resources, we quantified the nectar volume and its sugar concentration and the number of fruits and flowers (intact and aborted) for both inflorescence morphs with and without spiders. For the architectural heterogeneity, we quantified floral structures and inflorescence levels of branching. Spider occurrence was higher in longistylous inflorescences than in brevistylous ones. The sampled spiders were classified into the guilds ambushers, jumpers, or orb-weavers. Ambushers, jumpers, and total richness were much higher among longistylous inflorescences. We found no difference between morphs neither in volume or nectar concentration nor in amount of fruits and flowers. However, longistylous inflorescences presented greater architectural heterogeneity than brevistylous ones. Therefore, we suggested that architectural heterogeneity is an important factor underlying the occurrence of cursorial spiders on P. rigida inflorescences, which possibly arose from the relationship between refuge availability and inflorescence architecture. © 2012 Suzana Diniz et al.Foelix, R.F., (1996) Biology of Spiders, , Oxford, UK Oxford University PressRomero, G.Q., Gonzaga, M.O., Santos, A., Japyassú, H.F., Aranhas como agentes de controle biológico em agroecossistemas (2007) Ecologia e Comportamento de Aranhas, pp. 301-315. , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Editora InterciênciaRomero, G.Q., Souza, J.C., Vasconcellos-Neto, J., Anti-herbivore protection by mutualistic spiders and the role of plant glandular trichomes (2008) Ecology, 89 (11), pp. 3105-3115. , 2-s2.0-63849343303 10.1890/08-0267.1Halaj, J., Ross, D.W., Moldenke, A.R., Importance of habitat structure to the arthropod food-web in Douglas-fir canopies (2000) Oikos, 90 (1), pp. 139-152Nahas, L., Gonzaga, M.O., Del-Claro, K., Emergent Impacts of ant and spiders interactions: Herbivory reduction in a tropical savanna tree (2012) Biotropica, 44 (4), pp. 498-505Teixeira De Souza, A.L., Martins, R.P., Distribution of plant-dwelling spiders: Inflorescences versus vegetative branches (2004) Austral Ecology, 29 (3), pp. 342-349. , DOI 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2004.01371.xDe Souza, A.L.T., Martins, R.P., Foliage density of branches and distribution of plant-dwelling spiders (2005) Biotropica, 37 (3), pp. 416-420. , DOI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2005.00055.xHatley, C.L., MacMahon, J.A., Spider community organization: Seasonal variation and the role of vegetation architecture (1980) Environmental Entomology, 9, pp. 632-639Evans, T.A., Distribution of social crab spiders in eucalypt forests (1997) Austral Ecology, 22 (1), pp. 107-111. , 2-s2.0-17444414259Balfour, R.A., Rypstra, A.L., The influence of habitat structure on spider density in a no-till soybean agroecosystem (1998) Journal of Arachnology, 26 (2), pp. 221-226. , 2-s2.0-0032219751Raizer, J., Amaral, M.E.C., Does the structural complexity of aquatic macrophytes explain the diversity of associated spider assemblages? (2001) Journal of Arachnology, 29 (2), pp. 227-237. , 2-s2.0-0035538711Scheidler, M., Influence of habitat structure and vegetation architecture on spiders (1990) Zoologischer Anzeiger, 225 (5-6), pp. 333-340. , 2-s2.0-0025527870Denno, R.F., Finke, D.L., Langellotto, G.A., Barbosa, P., Castellanos, I., Direct and indirect effects of vegetation structure and habitat complexity on predator-prey and predator-predator interactions (2005) Ecology of Predator-Prey Interactions, pp. 211-239. , Oxford, UK Oxford University PressNentwig, W., (1993) Spiders of Panama, Flora & Fauna Handbook 12, , Gainesville, Fla, USA Sandhill Crane PressSouza, A.L.T., Gonzaga, M.O., Santos, A., Japyassú, H.F., Influência da estrutura do habitat na distribuição de aranhas (2007) Ecologia e Comportamento de Aranhas, pp. 25-43. , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Editora InterciênciaChien, S.A., Morse, D.H., The roles of prey and flower quality in the choice of hunting sites by adult male crab spiders Misumena vatia (Araneae, Thomisidae) (1998) Journal of Arachnology, 26 (2), pp. 238-243. , 2-s2.0-0032219748Carlos-Santos, J., Del-Claro, K., Interações entre formigas, herbívoros e nectários extraflorais em Tocoyena formosa (Rubiaceae) em vegetação de cerrado (2001) Revista Brasileira de Zoociências, 3 (1), pp. 77-92Almeida, A.F., Sarmento, F.N.M., (1998) Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas - Plano de Manejo, , CTE, (Centro Tecnológico de Engenharia Ltda), FEMAGO - Fundação Estadual do Meio Ambiente, Goiânia, BrazilRibeiro, J.F., Walter, B.M.T., Sano, S.M., Almeida, S.P., Fitofisionomias do bioma Cerrado (1998) Cerrado: Ambiente e Flora, pp. 89-166. , EMBRAPA. PlanaltinaRatter, J.A., Bridgewater, S., Ribeiro, J.F., Analysis of the floristic composition of the Brazilian cerrado vegetation III: Comparison of the woody vegetation of 376 areas (2003) Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 60 (1), pp. 57-109. , DOI 10.10M/S0960428603000064MacHado, A.O., (2007) Ções Florais e Heterostilia em Palicourea Rigida (Rubiaceae) Nos Cerrados Do Brasil Central (Master of Science Dissertation) Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, , Uberlândia, BrazilSilva, A.P., (1995) Biologia Reprodutiva e Polinização de Palicourea Rigida H.B.K. (Rubiaceae), , Brasília, Brazil (Master of Science Dissertation), Universidade de BrasíliaShepherd, G.J., (2010) Fitopac 2.1.2.85. Manual Do Usuário, , Campinas, Brazil Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Estadual de CampinasColwell, R.K., http://viceroy.eeb.uconn.edu/estimates/, EstimateS: Statistical estimation of species richness and shared species from samples (Software and User's Guide, Version 7.5, 2005MacArthur, R.H., On the relative abundance of bird species (1957) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 43, pp. 293-295Lawton, J.H., Plant architecture and the diversity of phytophagous insects (1983) Annual Review of Entomology, 28, pp. 23-39. , 2-s2.0-0021027010McCoy, E.D., Bell, S.S., Bell, S.S., McCoy, E.D., Mushinsky, R.H., Habitat structure: The evolution and diversifications of a complex topic (1991) Habitat Structure: The Physical Arrangement of Objects in Space, pp. 3-27. , London, UK Chapman & HallFinke, D.L., Denno, R.F., Intraguild predation diminished in complex-structured vegetation: Implications for prey suppression (2002) Ecology, 83 (3), pp. 643-652Finke, D.L., Denno, R.F., Spatial refuge from intraguild predation: Implications for prey suppression and trophic cascades (2006) Oecologia, 149 (2), pp. 265-275. , DOI 10.1007/s00442-006-0443-yHodges, C.M., Optimal foraging in bumblebees: Hunting by expectation (1981) Animal Behaviour, 29 (4), pp. 1166-1171. , 2-s2.0-0000136794Best, L.S., Bierzychudek, P., Pollinator foraging on foxglove (Digitalis purpurea): A test of a new model (1982) Evolution, 36, pp. 70-79Dalby-Ball, G., Meats, A., Effects of fruit abundance within a tree canopy on the behaviour of wild and cultured Queensland fruit flies, Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae) (2000) Australian Journal of Entomology, 39 (3), pp. 201-207. , DOI 10.1046/j.1440-6055.2000.00167.xMendonca, L.B., Dos Anjos, L., Flower morphology, nectar features, and hummingbird visitation to Palicourea crocea (Rubiaceae) in the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil (2006) Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 78 (1), pp. 45-57. , http://www.scielo.br/pdf/aabc/v78n1/a06v78n1.pdfLouda, S.M., Inflorescence spiders: A cost/benefit analysis for the host plant, Haplopappus venetus Blake ( Asteraceae). 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Germinação de progênies de sementes de cenoura em diferentes temperaturas.

Suplemento. Trabalho apresentado no Congresso Brasileiro de Olericultura, 50., 2010, Guarapari. Cinquenta anos contribuindo para a saúde da população brasileira. Trabalho A2905-T4449

The fourth wave of Portuguese emigration: Austerity policies, European peripheries and postcolonial continuities

Little is known about emigration in European countries. Migratory pressure and the recent refugee crisis have helped keep academic attention over the last few decades focused on immigration, asylum and integration in Europe. However, these dynamics promoting entries into European countries coexist with other fair-ly significant dynamics promoting departures from these countries. The sovereign debt crisis coupled with austerity policies that asymmetrically affected Europe’s peripheral countries have increased emigration in various European countries. Our book aims to counter the invisibility of emigration from European countries in the literature by examining the particularities of the Portuguese case. In methodological terms, the book compiles the work of authors from different academic backgrounds who have conducted empirical research using a wide vari-ety of extensive and intensive methods. It is argued that when analysing recent Portuguese emigration it is important to examine in further detail: i) the impact of the 2008 economic and financial crisis and the austerity policies that followed in its wake; ii) south-north emigration in Europe; iii) north-south emigration outside Europe and post-colonial continuities; iv) the importance of reassessing the exist-ing model of Southern European migration; v) highly skilled and less skilled mi-gration; and finally, vi) emigrants’ and their descendants’ identities.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Disposable sensors in diagnostics, food and environmental monitoring

Disposable sensors are low‐cost and easy‐to‐use sensing devices intended for short‐term or rapid single‐point measurements. The growing demand for fast, accessible, and reliable information in a vastly connected world makes disposable sensors increasingly important. The areas of application for such devices are numerous, ranging from pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental, forensic, and food sciences to wearables and clinical diagnostics, especially in resource‐limited settings. The capabilities of disposable sensors can extend beyond measuring traditional physical quantities (for example, temperature or pressure); they can provide critical chemical and biological information (chemo‐ and biosensors) that can be digitized and made available to users and centralized/decentralized facilities for data storage, remotely. These features could pave the way for new classes of low‐cost systems for health, food, and environmental monitoring that can democratize sensing across the globe. Here, a brief insight into the materials and basics of sensors (methods of transduction, molecular recognition, and amplification) is provided followed by a comprehensive and critical overview of the disposable sensors currently used for medical diagnostics, food, and environmental analysis. Finally, views on how the field of disposable sensing devices will continue its evolution are discussed, including the future trends, challenges, and opportunities