Scanner observations of selected cool stars

Photoelectric spectral scans at 30-A resolution of 9 dwarfs, 10 giants and 6 supergiants with spectral types GO to M5 were presented. All stars were observed every 4 A from wavelength 3300 to wavelength 7000. Absorption features at this resolution coincide with: strong atomic lines of Fe 1,11, Ca 1,11, Mg 1, and Na 1; vibrational bands of the electronic transitions of TiO, MgH, CaH, SiH, AlH, Cn, Ch, C2, OH, and NH. The dependence of the wavelength 3740 Fe 1 blend and the wavelength 3440 depression on temperature is discussed

An Exploratory Analysis of the Relationships Between Self-Images, Perceived-Risk, and Purchase Intention Horizons.

The purpose of this study is to examine in some detail the nature of some commonly acknowledged psychological constructs related to consumer behavior. These constructs, perceptual in nature, are self-image and perceived risk. In addition, a third concept of more recent vintage was included: purchase intention expectations, or more simply time perceptions. The focus of the study was an exploration of interrelationships among the three constructs. The following objectives were specified: (1) to analyze the relationship between self-image and ideal self-image across a group of products, across time, and as this relationship relates to risk, (2) to investigate the relationships of the three types of risk (economic, social, and psychological) and overall risk to images, to products, and to time perception, and, (3) to investigate overall relationships which might aid in the interpretation of image and risk perception phenomena. The data required for analysis of these relationships were collected from a sample of adult consumers who reside in selected areas of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. These respondents are representative of a large proportion of American consumers. To the extent possible, instrumentation (to include stimuli) were selected to reflect past research in the areas of self-image and perceived risk. However, this consideration was modified by virtue of the fact that the interrelationships of the constructs was of primary concern. An important aspect of this research was the issues of reliability and validity related to the instrumentation used. These issues were examined in detail, given the limiting nature of theory in the area of construct measurement. This effort pointed out shortcomings in the theory when applied to single-item measurement. Hypotheses were constructed around each construct and around construct interrelationships. Testing of these hypotheses led to the following general conclusions: (1) Evidence of the sought relationships have been found in the data, (2) The relationships are not simple and vary from product to product and from construct to construct, (3) Different products and product groups display variations in risk/image relationships, (4) The various types of risk relate differently to the image factors, (5) Both risk and image factors seem to vary more widely with durable products than with convenience products, (6) In a general way, image congruence is associated with less risk perception, (7) Ownership was indicated as being related to both risk and image variables, (8) Consumer\u27s reports of overall perceived risk predict more accurately than their reports of specific risk types, and (9) The relationship between image matching and purchase intention horizons may not have much meaning for consumers when the concepts are applied to most products. Based on the knowledge gained, a number of suggestions for further research have been generated. These suggestions relate to construct definition and refinement, to constructing and testing specific typologies of consumers, and to consideration of brands of products and other market factors

Predicting missing quality of life data that were later recovered : an empirical comparison of approaches

Peer reviewedPostprin

B830: An Atlas of the Native Woody Plants of Maine: A Revision of the Hyland Maps

In 1944 Fay Hyland and Ferdinand Steinmetz published The Woody Plants of Maine: Their Occurrence and Distribution. This small bulletin catalogs the state\u27s native and exotic trees, shrubs, and woody vines. In-state distributions are given for 513 taxa, including 366 species, Ill varieties and named forms, and 36 hybrids. Hyland collected information for this comprehensive work from three sources: a systematic field survey of the state which he personally conducted between 1933 and 1939; a review of botanical publications on Maine flora; and herbarium records from the New England Botanical Club, Gray Herbarium, Arnold Arboretum, the Boston Society of Natural History, the Portland Society of Natural History, and several private collections. Eighteen thousand records were assembled through the field survey alone. These records, along with those tabulated from herbaria, were plotted by species on small-scale (1:1,000,000) maps of Maine. Written descriptions of each taxon were summarized from the resulting maps and compiled into the bulletin described above. The distribution maps themselves, however, were never published. The single (original) copy of Hyland\u27s maps has been kept in the Special Collections of the University of Maine\u27s Fogler Library since 1944. The ink used to mark species occurrences on those maps is now fading sufficiently to endanger the records. To preserve this valuable resource and to evaluate patterns of species\u27 richness in Maine, maps of all native species were digitized using AUTOCAD (1988). In all, 240 species meet Hyland\u27s definition of woody plants ( those plants with ligneous, perennial [biennial in Rubus] stems which increase in diameter each year by formation of annual rings ) and the criterion of natural occurrence. This includes varieties and subspecies that are the sole representative of a given species as well as 10 taxa whose distributions were not documented by Hyland (Table 1). Because new stations have been documented for many species in the nearly 50 years since the original distribution maps were prepared, specimens in the University of Maine Herbarium and the publication Rare Vascular Plants of Maine were used to update Hyland\u27s maps. A new record was noted only if it clarified or extended the range boundary of a species.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_bulletin/1130/thumbnail.jp

Apomixis and hybridization drives reticulate evolution and phyletic differentiation in sorbus l.: Implications for conservation

This is the final version. Available from Frontiers Media via the DOI in this record. Hybridization and polyploidy are major forces in the evolution of plant diversity and the study of these processes is of particular interest to understand how novel taxa are formed and how they maintain genetic integrity. Sorbus is an example of a genus where active diversification and speciation are ongoing and, as such, represents an ideal model to investigate the roles of hybridization, polyploidy and apomixis in a reticulate evolutionary process. To elucidate breeding systems and evolutionary origins of a complex of closely related Sorbus taxa, we assessed genotypic diversity and population structure within and among taxa, combining data from nuclear DNA microsatellite markers and flow cytometry. Clonal analysis and low genotypic diversity within the polyploid taxa suggest apomixis is obligate. However, genetic variation has led to groups of ‘clone-mates’ within apomictic taxa that strongly suggest mutation is responsible for the genotypic diversity of these apomictic lineages. In addition, microsatellite profiles and site demographics suggest hybridization events among apomictic polyploid Sorbus may have contributed to the extant diversity of recognized taxa in this region. This research demonstrates that both macro- and micro-evolutionary processes are active within this reticulate Sorbus complex. Conservation measures should be aimed at maintaining this process and should therefore be prioritized for those areas of Sorbus species richness where the potential for interspecific gene flow is greatest.Whitley Wildlife Conservation TrustNational Botanic Garden of Wale

Key Topics on End-of-Life Care for African Americans

Racial classifications of human populations are politically and socially determined. There is no biological or genetic basis for these racial classifications. Health behaviors may be influenced by culture and poverty. Disparities in health outcomes, sometimes resulting in higher mortality rates for African-Americans appear to influence end of life decision-making attitudes and behaviors. To improve the quality of end of life care in African-American communities, health care professionals must better understand and work to eliminate disparities in health care, increase their own skills, knowledge and confidence in palliative and hospice care, and improve awareness of the benefits and values of hospice and palliative care in their patients and families

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 19, No. 2

• Powwowing in Berks County • Belsnickling in Paxtonville • The Folk Tradition of the Sweetheart Tree • Pigpens and Piglore in Rural Pennsylvania • Gravestones and Ostentation: A Study of Five Delaware County Cemeteries • Notes on Eighteenth-Century Emigration to the British Colonies • A Siegerland Emigrant List of 1738 • Local Place Names: Folk-Cultural Questionnaire No. 14https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/1038/thumbnail.jp

Optical Brightener Screening for Sewage Contamination of Water Table Aquifers in Southeastern Minnesota, USA

Novel screening methods for detecting optical brighteners, fluorescent organic blue dyes principally used in laundry detergents for whitening fabrics, have been developed for the monitoring of water table aquifers impacted by septic systems. Four rural residential communities characterized by private water supply and sewage systems were selected in southeastern Minnesota. Developments were chosen with a variety of saturated and unsaturated zone materials and thicknesses, water table and well depths, and topographic and cultural settings. Sampling sites were enrolled if wells were completed above regional aquitards. Sanitary surveys of sampling sites were completed with attention to drinking water usage and waste/wastewater disposal practices to uncover sources of crosscontamination. Water supplies were sampled and analyzed to determine aquifer sources, sanitary quality and natural backgrounds and anthropomorphic contributions of physicochemical and microbiological parameters of interest (e.g., nitrate, chloride and coliform bacteria). Filter holders containing untreated cotton, activated carbon and polysulfone/polyethersulfone membrane filters were installed as immersion-type detectors in toilet reservoirs. Syringe filter capsules comprised of polyethersulfone membranes were utilized for direct sampling. Exposure times ranged from minutes to months, and exposed filter media were analyzed in solid phase utilizing a scanning spectrofluorophotometer. Spectral data were computer-processed to objectively match peaks with the spectra obtained from pure fluorescent dyes and laundry detergent formulations. Detections were positive if matched peaks at 440 nm appeared above background fluorescence. Water supply test data and site survey information indicative of septic system contamination were moderately correlated with positive optical brightener detections.Funding for this research project was approved by the Minnesota Legislature [ML 1993, Chap. 172, Art. 1, Sec. 14, Subd. 11 (i)J as recommended by the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources from the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund

The Lantern Vol. 17, No. 2, Spring 1949

• Psyche • Home Country • Liberation • The Last Haul • The Tempting of Willie • The Turtle • Interlude • Black Waters • Lines on Abandoned Spring House • Afraid • Gone is the Winter\u27s Night • A Word to the Wisehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1047/thumbnail.jp

Optical Brighteners: Sorption Behavior, Detection, Septic System Tracer Applications

Laboratory soil column experiments were used to evaluate the optical brighteners (fluorescent whitening agents) Tinopal3 CBS-X (ASTM designation DSBP-1) and Tinopal3 5BM-GX (ASTM designation DASC-4) and the fluorescent dye eosin Y (C.1. 45380) as adsorbing tracers in subsurface systems. In a low organic carbon content glacial outwash sand (foe = 0.0034, 97% sand by weight) the solid-water distribution coefficient (Kd) was determined to be 0.26 cm113/g for Tinopal CBS-X, 0. 78 cm113/g for Tinopal 5BM-GX, and 0.024 cm11 3/g for eosin Y. All three compounds had simple sigmoidal breakthrough curves. Optical brighteners can be detected in direct solution by fluorometry but suffer from interference associated with naturally occurring organic compounds. Unbrightened cotton can be used to qualitatively detect optical brighteners. Polyethersulfone filter media can be used to selectively remove optical brighteners from solution without changing the background fluorescence spectrum. The exposed filter medium can be analyzed as a solid sample in a scanning spectrofluorophotometer. The resulting spectrum can be used to measure the optical brightener concentration in the filtered sample. Polyethersulfone filters can be used to detect optical brighteners in samples collected in and around septic system drain fields at less than 1 ppb Tinopal 5BM-GX equivalent.Funding for this research project was approved by the Minnesota Legislature [ML 1993, Chap. 172, Art. 1, Sec. 14, Subd. 11 (i)] as recommended by the Legislative Commission on Minnesota Resources from the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund. A graduate student fellowship awarded to the first author by the National Ground Water Association facilitated the column experiment work. The septic system tracer applications portion of this work was made possible by a joint Blue Earth County, Minnesota Soil and Water Conservation District / Minnesota Pollution Control Agency I Federal Emergency Management Administration grant