Comparing Growth Trajectories of Risk Behaviors From Late Adolescence Through Young Adulthood: An Accelerated Design.

Risk behaviors such as substance use or deviance are often limited to the early stages of the life course. Whereas the onset of risk behavior is well studied, less is currently known about the decline and timing of cessation of risk behaviors of different domains during young adulthood. Prevalence and longitudinal developmental patterning of alcohol use, drinking to the point of drunkenness, smoking, cannabis use, deviance, and HIV-related sexual risk behavior were compared in a Swiss community sample (N = 2,843). Using a longitudinal cohort-sequential approach to link multiple assessments with 3 waves of data for each individual, the studied period spanned the ages of 16 to 29 years. Although smoking had a higher prevalence, both smoking and drinking up to the point of drunkenness followed an inverted U-shaped curve. Alcohol consumption was also best described by a quadratic model, though largely stable at a high level through the late 20s. Sexual risk behavior increased slowly from age 16 to age 22 and then remained largely stable. In contrast, cannabis use and deviance linearly declined from age 16 to age 29. Young men were at higher risk for all behaviors than were young women, but apart from deviance, patterning over time was similar for both sexes. Results about the timing of increase and decline as well as differences between risk behaviors may inform tailored prevention programs during the transition from late adolescence to adulthood

The effect of patient aggression on healthcare workers’ mental health and anxiety mediated by psychological well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak

oai:repository.canterbury.ac.uk:97017The aftermath effects including overstressed health systems, increased number of cases, death rates, and patient aggression have significant implications on the healthcare workers’ psychological well-being. Building on both the Health Belief Model and Conservation of Resources theory, this study examined the impact of patient aggression on healthcare workers’ psychological well-being, anxiety, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, the study tested the mediating role of psychological well-being in the abovementioned relationships. Data obtained from 549 Lebanese healthcare workers in private hospitals in a two-wave survey was used to evaluate the proposed study’s relationships, using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results indicated that patient aggression has significant negative impact on healthcare workers’ psychological well-being and mental health while it increases anxiety. Further, psychological well-being partially mediated the relationship between patient aggression and anxiety. Theoretical contributions, practical implications of the study, and suggestions for further studies are discussed

A Dynamic Duo: Emotion and Development (Commentary on M.D. Lewis, A Dynamic Systems Approach to Emotion)

A dynamic systems (DS) approach uncovers important connections between emotion and neurophysiology. It is critical, however, to include a developmental perspective. Strides in the understanding of emotional development, as well as the present use of DS in developmental science, add significantly to the study of emotion. Examples include stranger fear during infancy, intermodal perception of emotion, and development of individual emotional systems

Extracting Value from NASA Quality Engineering and Assurance Data

No abstract availabl

Proyecto regional de calidad del frijol para consumo en Centroamérica México y el Caribe

UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Agroalimentarias::Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM

Analisis Peran Perempuan dalam Rantai Nilai Ikan Kaleng Produk Tuna Cakalang di PT. Delta Pasific Indotuna di Kota Bitung Provinsi Sulawesi Utara

Perempuan merupakan sumber daya yang tidak kalah pentingnya dengan tenaga kerja pria. Perempuan memberikan sumbangan yang besar bagi kelangsungan perekonomian dan kesejahteraan rumah tangga serta masyarakat. Salah satu kawasan pengembangan perikanan, di kota Bitung memiliki banyak Perusahaan perikanan yang bergerak dibidang pengalengan ikan. Tenaga kerja dalam Perusahaan pengalengan kota Bitung tidak hanya mencakup kaum pria saja, akan tetapi kaum perempuan juga. Perempuan sesungguhnya merupakan sumber daya ekonomi yang tidak kalah pentingnya dibandingkan dengan pria. Keberadaan perempuan dalam rumah tangga bukan sekedar sebagai pelengkap fungsi reproduksi saja, namun lebih dari itu perempuan terbukti memberikan sumbangan yang besar bagi kelangsungan ekonomi dan kesejateraan rumah tangga serta masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan dasar penelitian studi kasus dengan pendekatan survey, yang dilakukan dengan cara sampling acak sederhana dan yang menjadi populasi yaitu karyawan perempuan yang ada di PT. Delta Pasific Indotuna. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer yaitu data yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuisioner serta pengamat langsung dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari instansi-instansi yang dapat dapat menyediakan data untuk penelitian ini antara lain : Dinas Perikanan Sulawesi Utara, Dinas Perikanan kota Bitung serta hasil dari searching internet. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis kualitatif dan analisis kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian terkait peranan perempuan dalam rantai nilai ikan kaleng di PT. Delta Pasific Indotuna memberikan informasi bahwa peranan terbesar perempuan terdapat pada kegiatan Beheading, Skinning dan Loinning. Alasannya karena pada ketiga kegiatan ini sangat dituntut ketelitian tinggi yang sulit untuk dilakukan oleh laki-laki. Peran perempuan yang paling sedikit terdapat pada kegiatan cooling, kegiatan ini dinilai sulit untuk dilakukan oleh perempuan karena resiko dari pekerjaanya yang cukup tinggi

Low-Thrust Transfers from Distant Retrograde Orbits to L2 Halo Orbits in the Earth-Moon System

This paper presents a study of transfers between distant retrograde orbits (DROs) and L2 halo orbits in the Earth-Moon system that could be flown by a spacecraft with solar electric propulsion (SEP). Two collocation-based optimal control methods are used to optimize these highly-nonlinear transfers: Legendre pseudospectral and Hermite-Simpson. Transfers between DROs and halo orbits using low-thrust propulsion have not been studied previously. This paper offers a study of several families of trajectories, parameterized by the number of orbital revolutions in a synodic frame. Even with a poor initial guess, a method is described to reliably generate families of solutions. The circular restricted 3-body problem (CRTBP) is used throughout the paper so that the results are autonomous and simpler to understand

Thrombocytopenia in neonates and the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The overall prevalence of thrombocytopenia in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units ranges from 22 to 35%. There are only a few small studies that outline the relationship between the severity of thrombocytopenia and the risk of bleeding. This makes it difficult to form an evidence-based threshold for platelet transfusions in neonatal patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of thrombocytopenia in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit and to study the relation between thrombocytopenia and the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients with thrombocytopenia admitted to our neonatal tertiary care nursery between January 2006 and December 2008. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to the severity of thrombocytopenia: mild (100-149 × 10⁹/L), moderate (50-99 × 10⁹/L), severe (30-49 × 10⁹/L) or very severe (< 30 × 10⁹/L). The primary outcome was IVH ≥ grade 2. Pearson's chi-squared and Fischer's exact tests were used for categorical data. ANOVA, logistic regression analysis and multivariate linear regression were used for comparisons between groups and for confounding factors.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The prevalence of thrombocytopenia was 27% (422/1569). Risk of IVH ≥ grade 2 was 12% (48/411) in neonates with versus 5% (40/844) in neonates without thrombocytopenia (p < 0.01). After multivariate linear regression analysis, risk of IVH ≥ grade 2 in the subgroups of thrombocytopenic infants was not significantly different (p = 0.3).</p> <p>After logistic regression analysis the difference in mortality rate in neonates with and without thrombocytopenia was not significant (p = 0.4). Similarly, we found no difference in mortality rate in the subgroups of neonates with thrombocytopenia (p = 0.7).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although IVH ≥ grade 2 occurs more often in neonates with thrombocytopenia, this relation is independent of the severity of thrombocytopenia. Prospective studies should be conducted to assess the true risk of hemorrhage depending on underlying conditions. Randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to determine a safe lower threshold for platelet transfusions.</p