1,256 research outputs found
Update on ultrasensitive technologies to facilitate research on blood biomarkers for central nervous system disorders
Most research on fluid biomarkers for central nervous system (CNS) disorders has so far been performed using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as the biomarker source. CSF has the advantage of being closer to the brain than serum or plasma with a relative enrichment of CNS-specific proteins that are present at very low concentrations in the blood and thus difficult to reliably quantify using standard immunochemical technologies. Recent technical breakthroughs in the field of ultrasensitive assays have started to change this. Here, we review the most established ultrasensitive quantitative technologies that are currently available to general biomarker laboratories and discuss their use in research on biomarkers for CNS disorders
Synthesis, X-ray characterization and regium bonding interactions of a trichlorido(1-hexylcytosine)gold(III) complex
Método de obtención de un biomaterial
La presente invención está dirigida a un método de
obtención de un biomaterial que comprende un
soporte de fibras de carbón activado y células de
linaje osteocondral, en el que células madre se ponen
en contacto con dicho soporte y se cultivan en
presencia de suero y ausencia de factores de
diferenciación osteogénica y/o condrogénica
adicionales. La invención se dirige asimismo al
biomaterial así obtenido y a las diferentes
aplicaciones médicas de dicho biomaterial.Peer reviewedUniversidad de Granada, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasA1 Solicitud de patente con informe sobre el estado de la técnic
Educating Health Professionals about Disability: A Review of Interventions
Health professionals need to understand the human rights and health needs of disabled people. This review of evidence on interventions demonstrates that a range of often innovative approaches have been trialled. Lectures by faculty are less effective in changing attitudes than contact with disabled people themselves. Existing examples of good practice need to be scaled up, and better and more long-term evaluations of impact are required
A component-based approximation for trend detection of intense rainfall in the Spanish Mediterranean coast
Rainfall behavior is a fundamental issue in areas with scarce and irregular amounts, such as the Spanish Mediterranean region. We identified 12 spatial patterns that characterized 899 torrential precipitation events (≥150 mm in 24 h) that occurred in the 3,537 rainy precipitation series in the period 1950-2020. Three of these components--eastern and ESE--showed positive and significant trends in their accumulated volumes. We then characterized the mean synoptic causes of the 10 most intense events in each component at both mean sea-level pressure and 500 hPa geopotential height, and also the integrated water-vapor transport between 1,000 and 300 hPa. We found a clear spatial distribution of the pluviometric effects related to unstable atmospheric situations (such as troughs and cut-off lows), and also to SW-SE advection fluxes that brought moist air from the Western Mediterranean. In particular, torrential rainfall in the Balearic Islands related more to E-NE advections than to southeastern ones. We also determined that the major parts of these components occurred in early autumn, especially in September and October. We expect these findings to help our understanding of the processes leading to catastrophic situations along the Spanish Mediterranean coast and to lead to improvements in early alert systems and management plans
Brane/flux annihilation transitions and nonperturbative moduli stabilization
By extending the calculation of Kahler moduli stabilization to account for an
embiggened antibrane, we reevaluate brane/flux annihilation in a warped throat
with one stabilized Kahler modulus. We find that depending on the relative size
of various fluxes three things can occur: the decay process proceeds
unhindered, the anti-D3-branes are forbidden to decay classically, or the
entire space decompactifies. Additionally, we show that the Kahler modulus
receives a contribution from the collective 3-brane tension. This allows for a
significant change in compactified volume during the transition and possibly
mitigates some fine tuning otherwise required to achieve large volume.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures, LaTeX. v2: references adde
Theory of output coupling for trapped fermionic atoms
We develop a dynamic theory of output coupling, for fermionic atoms initially
confined in a magnetic trap. We consider an exactly soluble one-dimensional
model, with a spatially localized delta-type coupling between the atoms in the
trap and a continuum of free-particle external modes. Two important special
cases are considered for the confinement potential: the infinite box and the
harmonic oscillator. We establish that in both cases a bound state of the
coupled system appears for any value of the coupling constant, implying that
the trap population does not vanish in the infinite-time limit. For weak
coupling, the energy spectrum of the outgoing beam exhibits peaks corresponding
to the initially occupied energy levels in the trap; the height of these peaks
increases with the energy. As the coupling gets stronger, the energy spectrum
is displaced towards dressed energies of the fermions in the trap. The
corresponding dressed states result from the coupling between the unperturbed
fermionic states in the trap, mediated by the coupling between these states and
the continuum. In the strong-coupling limit, there is a reinforcement of the
lowest-energy dressed mode, which contributes to the energy spectrum of the
outgoing beam more strongly than the other modes. This effect is especially
pronounced for the one-dimensional box, which indicates that the efficiency of
the mode-reinforcement mechanism depends on the steepness of the confinement
potential. In this case, a quasi-monochromatic anti-bunched atomic beam is
obtained. Results for a bosonic sample are also shown for comparison.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, added discussion on time-dependent spectral
distribution and corresponding figur
From bioavailability science to regulation of organic chemicals
The bioavailability of organic chemicals in soil and sediment is an important area of scientific investigation for environmental scientists, although this area of study remains only partially recognized by regulators and industries working in the environmental sector. Regulators have recently started to consider bioavailability within retrospective risk assessment frameworks for organic chemicals; by doing so, realistic decision-making with regard to polluted environments can be achieved, rather than relying on the traditional approach of using total-extractable concentrations. However, implementation remains difficult because scientific developments on bioavailability are not always translated into ready-to-use approaches for regulators. Similarly, bioavailability remains largely unexplored within prospective regulatory frameworks that address the approval and regulation of organic chemicals. This article discusses bioavailability concepts and methods, as well as possible pathways for the implementation of bioavailability into risk assessment and regulation; in addition, this article offers a simple, pragmatic and justifiable approach for use within retrospective and prospective risk assessmen
Application of UV Visible Light Absorption and Scattering technique to low absorption fuels under diesel-like conditions
Light Absorption and Scattering technique (LAS) has been applied for the measurement of fuel vapour distribution
in diesel-type sprays. This technique is usually limited to fuels with relatively high absorptivity,
which are sometimes not commonly used as surrogate fuels. In the present paper, a comparison of fuels
with very different absorptive properties has been made to determine the range of application of the
methodology. A calibration procedure has been applied to n-decane (DEC), a binary blend of n-decane
and n-hexadecane (50DEC) and three blends of n-heptane with a highly-absorpting fuel (HEPB1,
HEPB2 and HEPB3). This methodology enables the in-situ quantification of absorption coefficients at high
pressure and temperature by creating a uniform mixture inside the cylinder. Results have been later
applied for the quantification of fuel vapour distribution in sprays for DEC, 50DEC and HEPB3. Results
obtained with these range of fuels have enabled to establish the limit in terms of absorption coefficient
needed to get consistent results with the technique.This work was partially funded by the Government of Spain through Project TRA2011-26359 and Grant BES-2012-059721. In addition, the authors acknowledge that some equipment used in this work has been partially supported by FEDER project funds (FEDER-ICTS-2012-06), framed in the operational program of unique scientific and technical infrastructure of the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain.Pastor Soriano, JV.; García Oliver, JM.; López, JJ.; Micó Reche, C. (2016). Application of UV Visible Light Absorption and Scattering technique to low absorption fuels under diesel-like conditions. Fuel. 179:258-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.03.080S25826617
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