Do Caucasian and African American Students Have Different Learning Styles?

This study explored whether African American and Caucasian students have different learning styles. It specifically examined differences in preferred modes of information processing and instruction. Participants in the study completed the Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Inventory and the Kolb Learning Style Inventory. Subsequent analyses revealed that there were no significant differences in how African American and Caucasian students choose to process information for learning. However, there were some significant differences in preferred modes of instruction. African American students were more likely to prefer noisier and warmer learning environments, to snack while learning, and to learn in the late morning. Caucasian students had a stronger preference for formal class designs, long-term assignments with limited teacher assistance, and to explore their environment with hands-on activities. Caucasian students were also more highly teacher motivated and had a stronger preference to learn in the early morning. No gender differences were found

Do Caucasian and African American Students Have Different Learning Styles?

This study explored whether African American and Caucasian students have different learning styles. It specifically examined differences in preferred modes of information processing and instruction. Participants in the study completed the Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Inventory and the Kolb Learning Style Inventory. Subsequent analyses revealed that there were no significant differences in how African American and Caucasian students choose to process information for learning. However, there were some significant differences in preferred modes of instruction. African American students were more likely to prefer noisier and warmer learning environments, to snack while learning, and to learn in the late morning. Caucasian students had a stronger preference for formal class designs, long-term assignments with limited teacher assistance, and to explore their environment with hands-on activities. Caucasian students were also more highly teacher motivated and had a stronger preference to learn in the early morning. No gender differences were found

NASA technology utilization program: The small business market

Technology transfer programs were studied to determine how they might be more useful to the small business community. The status, needs, and technology use patterns of small firms are reported. Small business problems and failures are considered. Innovation, capitalization, R and D, and market share problems are discussed. Pocket, captive, and new markets are summarized. Small manufacturers and technology acquisition are discussed, covering external and internal sources, and NASA technology. Small business and the technology utilization program are discussed, covering publications and industrial applications centers. Observations and recommendations include small business market development and contracting, and NASA management technology

Muscle-directed gene therapy corrects Pompe disease and uncovers species-specific GAA immunogenicity

Pompe disease is a severe disorder caused by loss of acid α-glucosidase (GAA), leading to glycogen accumulation in tissues and neuromuscular and cardiac dysfunction. Enzyme replacement therapy is the only available treatment. AT845 is an adeno-associated viral vector designed to express human GAA specifically in skeletal muscle and heart. Systemic administration of AT845 in Gaa−/− mice led to a dose-dependent increase in GAA activity, glycogen clearance in muscles and heart, and functional improvement. AT845 was tolerated in cynomolgus macaques at low doses, while high doses caused anti-GAA immune response, inflammation, and cardiac abnormalities resulting in unscheduled euthanasia of two animals. Conversely, a vector expressing the macaque GAA caused no detectable pathology, indicating that the toxicity observed with AT845 was an anti-GAA xenogeneic immune response. Western blot analysis showed abnormal processing of human GAA in cynomolgus muscle, adding to the species-specific effects of enzyme expression. Overall, these studies show that AAV-mediated GAA delivery to muscle is efficacious in Gaa−/− mice and highlight limitations in predicting the toxicity of AAV vectors encoding human proteins in non-human species

The failure of suicide prevention in primary care: family and GP perspectives - a qualitative study

Background Although Primary care is crucial for suicide prevention, clinicians tend to report completed suicides in their care as non-preventable. We aimed to examine systemic inadequacies in suicide prevention from the perspectives of bereaved family members and GPs.Methods Qualitative study of 72 relatives or close friends bereaved by suicide and 19 General Practitioners who have experienced the suicide of patients.Results Relatives highlight failures in detecting symptoms and behavioral changes and the inability of GPs to understand the needs of patients and their social contexts. A perceived overreliance on anti-depressant treatment is a major source of criticism by family members. GPs tend to lack confidence in the recognition and management of suicidal patients, and report structural inadequacies in service provision.Conclusions Mental health and primary care services must find innovative and ethical ways to involve families in the decision-making process for patients at risk of suicide

Thermal and Hydraulic Design of the Consolidated Edison Thorium Reactor

ABS>The thermal and hydraulic analyses, both steady state and transient for the CETR are presented. Methods of calculations are discussed and results of analyses are presented. Steady-state analyses are included for pressure drops, flow distribution, orificing, burnout, fuel and burnout cannot occur at any attainable reactor power in the CETR as designed. Bulk boiling of the coolant does not occur at any point in the core during normal steadystate operation. Bulk boiling is permitted during transients because very few fuel channels are involved and the resulting effects on over-all reactor performance are small. Local boiling of the coolant may occur in the reactor during normal steady-state operation and has no appreciable effect on reactor operation except a slight increase in friction pressure drop. The heat-transfer characteristics of the core are actually improved. The hydraulic transient analyses show that no risk of core damage exists for the total loss of forced coolant flow from either maximum or minimum initial flow conditions. (auth

THERMAL AND HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF THE CONSOLIDATED EDISON THORIUM REACTOR

ABS>The thermal and hydraulic analyses, both steady state and transient for the CETR are presented. Methods of calculations are discussed and results of analyses are presented. Steady-state analyses are included for pressure drops, flow distribution, orificing, burnout, fuel and burnout cannot occur at any attainable reactor power in the CETR as designed. Bulk boiling of the coolant does not occur at any point in the core during normal steadystate operation. Bulk boiling is permitted during transients because very few fuel channels are involved and the resulting effects on over-all reactor performance are small. Local boiling of the coolant may occur in the reactor during normal steady-state operation and has no appreciable effect on reactor operation except a slight increase in friction pressure drop. The heat-transfer characteristics of the core are actually improved. The hydraulic transient analyses show that no risk of core damage exists for the total loss of forced coolant flow from either maximum or minimum initial flow conditions. (auth

GATE : a simulation toolkit for PET and SPECT

Monte Carlo simulation is an essential tool in emission tomography that can assist in the design of new medical imaging devices, the optimization of acquisition protocols, and the development or assessment of image reconstruction algorithms and correction techniques. GATE, the Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission, encapsulates the Geant4 libraries to achieve a modular, versatile, scripted simulation toolkit adapted to the field of nuclear medicine. In particular, GATE allows the description of time-dependent phenomena such as source or detector movement, and source decay kinetics. This feature makes it possible to simulate time curves under realistic acquisition conditions and to test dynamic reconstruction algorithms. A public release of GATE licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License can be downloaded at the address http://www-lphe.epfl.ch/GATE/

The impact of alcohol consumption on patterns of union formation in Russia 1998–2010: An assessment using longitudinal data

Using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, 1998–2010, we investigated the extent to which patterns of alcohol consumption in Russia are associated with the subsequent likelihood of entry into cohabitation and marriage. Using discrete-time event history analysis we estimated for 16–50 year olds the extent to which the probabilities of entry into the two types of union were affected by the amount of alcohol drunk and the pattern of drinking, adjusted to allow for social and demographic factors including income, employment, and health. The results show that individuals who did not drink alcohol were less likely to embark on either cohabitation or marriage, that frequent consumption of alcohol was associated with a greater chance of entering unmarried cohabitation than of entering into a marriage, and that heavy drinkers were less likely to convert their relationship from cohabitation to marriage