1,414 research outputs found
Dipole formation at metal/PTCDA interfaces: Role of the Charge Neutrality Level
The formation of a metal/PTCDA (3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic
dianhydride) interface barrier is analyzed using weak-chemisorption theory. The
electronic structure of the uncoupled PTCDA molecule and of the metal surface
is calculated. Then, the induced density of interface states is obtained as a
function of these two electronic structures and the interaction between both
systems. This induced density of states is found to be large enough (even if
the metal/PTCDA interaction is weak) for the definition of a Charge Neutrality
Level for PTCDA, located 2.45 eV above the highest occupied molecular orbital.
We conclude that the metal/PTCDA interface molecular level alignment is due to
the electrostatic dipole created by the charge transfer between the two solids.Comment: 6 page
Formation of atom wires on vicinal silicon
The formation of atomic wires via pseudomorphic step-edge decoration on
vicinal silicon surfaces has been analyzed for Ga on the Si(112) surface using
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Density Functional Theory calculations. Based
on a chemical potential analysis involving more than thirty candidate
structures and considering various fabrication procedures, it is concluded that
pseudomorphic growth on stepped Si(112), both under equilibrium and
non-equilibrium conditions, must favor formation of Ga zig-zag chains rather
than linear atom chains. The surface is non-metallic and presents quasi-one
dimensional character in the lowest conduction band.Comment: submitte
Ga-induced atom wire formation and passivation of stepped Si(112)
We present an in-depth analysis of the atomic and electronic structure of the
quasi one-dimensional (1D) surface reconstruction of Ga on Si(112) based on
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy (STM and STS), Rutherford
Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) and Density Functional Theory (DFT)
calculations. A new structural model of the Si(112)6 x 1-Ga surface is
inferred. It consists of Ga zig-zag chains that are intersected by
quasi-periodic vacancy lines or misfit dislocations. The experimentally
observed meandering of the vacancy lines is caused by the co-existence of
competing 6 x 1 and 5 x 1 unit cells and by the orientational disorder of
symmetry breaking Si-Ga dimers inside the vacancy lines. The Ga atoms are fully
coordinated, and the surface is chemically passivated. STS data reveal a
semiconducting surface and show excellent agreement with calculated Local
Density of States (LDOS) and STS curves. The energy gain obtained by fully
passivating the surface calls the idea of step-edge decoration as a viable
growth method toward 1D metallic structures into question.Comment: Submitted, 13 pages, accepted in Phys. Rev. B, notational change in
Fig.
C6H6/Au(111): Interface dipoles, band alignment, charging energy, and van der Waals interaction
The following article appeared in Journal of Chemical Physics 134.4 (2011): 044701 and may be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jcp/134/4/10.1063/1.3521271.We analyze the benzene/Au(111) interface taking into account chargingenergy effects to properly describe the electronic structure of the interface and van der Waals interactions to obtain the adsorption energy and geometry. We also analyze the interface dipoles and discuss the barrier formation as a function of the metal work-function. We interpret our DFT calculations within the induced density of interface states (IDIS) model. Our results compare well with experimental and other theoretical results, showing that the dipole formation of these interfaces is due to the charge transfer between the metal and benzene, as described in the IDIS model.This work is supported by Spanish MICIIN under Contracts No. MAT2007-60966 and No. FIS2010-16046, the CAM under Contract No. S2009/MAT-1467, and the European Project MINOTOR (Grant No. FP7-NMP-228424). E.A. gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Consejería de Educación of the CAM and the FSE. J.I.M. acknowledges funding from Spanish MICINN through Juan de la Cierva Program
Barrier formation at metal/organic interfaces: dipole formation and the Charge Neutrality Level
The barrier formation for metal/organic semiconductor interfaces is analyzed
within the Induced Density of Interface States (IDIS) model. Using weak
chemisorption theory, we calculate the induced density of states in the organic
energy gap and show that it is high enough to control the barrier formation. We
calculate the Charge Neutrality Levels of several organic molecules (PTCDA,
PTCBI and CBP) and the interface Fermi level for their contact with a Au(111)
surface. We find an excellent agreement with the experimental evidence and
conclude that the barrier formation is due to the charge transfer between the
metal and the states induced in the organic energy gap.Comment: 7 pages, Proceedings of ICFSI-9, Madrid, Spain (September 2003),
special issue of Applied Surface Science (in press
Virtual Wind Tunnel: an efficient computational tool for aeroelastic analysis and design of inflatable structures
Aperture effects on the oxygen abundance determinations from CALIFA data
This paper aims at providing aperture corrections for emission lines in a
sample of spiral galaxies from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area Survey
(CALIFA) database. In particular, we explore the behavior of the
log([OIII]5007/Hbeta)/([NII]6583/Halpha) (O3N2) and log[NII]6583/Halpha (N2)
flux ratios since they are closely connected to different empirical
calibrations of the oxygen abundances in star forming galaxies.
We compute median growth curves of Halpha, Halpha/Hbeta, O3N2 and N2 up to
2.5R_50 and 1.5 disk R_eff. The growth curves simulate the effect of observing
galaxies through apertures of varying radii. The median growth curve of the
Halpha/Hbeta ratio monotonically decreases from the center towards larger
radii, showing for small apertures a maximum value of ~10% larger than the
integrated one. The median growth curve of N2 shows a similar behavior,
decreasing from the center towards larger radii. No strong dependence is seen
with the inclination, morphological type and stellar mass for these growth
curves. Finally, the median growth curve of O3N2 increases monotonically with
radius. However, at small radii it shows systematically higher values for
galaxies of earlier morphological types and for high stellar mass galaxies.
Applying our aperture corrections to a sample of galaxies from the SDSS
survey at 0.02<=z<=0.3 shows that the average difference between fiber-based
and aperture corrected oxygen abundances, for different galaxy stellar mass and
redshift ranges, reaches typically to ~11%, depending on the abundance
calibration used. This average difference is found to be systematically biased,
though still within the typical uncertainties of oxygen abundances derived from
empirical calibrations. Caution must be exercised when using observations of
galaxies for small radii (e.g. below 0.5R_eff) given the high dispersion shown
around the median growth curves.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap
Surface soft phonon and the root3 x root3 <--> 3 x 3 phase transition in Sn/Ge(111) and Sn/Si(111)
Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations show that the reversible
Sn/Ge(111) phase transition
can be described in terms of a surface soft phonon. The isovalent Sn/Si(111)
case does not display this transition since the phase
is the stable structure at low temperature, although it presents a partial
softening of the surface phonon. The rather flat energy surfaces for
the atomic motion associated with this phonon mode in both cases explain the
experimental similarities found at room temperature between these systems. The
driving force underlying the
phase transition is shown to be associated with the electronic energy gain due
to the Sn dangling bond rehybridization.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, 4 Encapsulated Postscript figures, uses epsf.sty.
Final version published in Phys. Rev. Let
AGRONOMIC EVALUATION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF AFRICAN STAR GRASS (Cynodon plectostachyus) IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF THE STATE OF MEXICO
African Star Grass is one of the forage resources most commonly used by farmers in regions with warm-humid climates. This study was carried out to determine the nutritional and agronomic characteristics of African Star Grass (Cynodon plectostachyus) through the following variables: crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), organic matter digestibility (OMD), net forage accumulation (NFA), stem:leaf ratio, and live:dead matter ratio in the three pastures evaluated. The work took place from April 2007 to March 2008, with evaluations carried out on a monthly basis. The data were analyzed in a randomized block design in which the blocks were the pastures, and the treatments were the months of evaluation. There were no differences between the pastures evaluated for the NDF, ADF or OMD (P>0.05). Differences were found, however, in CP, while in the monthly evaluation, differences were found between the periods evaluated (P<0.05) for these variables. Differences were also found in the agronomic evaluation of pastures (P<0.05) among height of pasture, net forage accumulation (NFA), live matter, dead matter, leaf and stem, both among pastures and in the monthly evaluations. African Star Grass can therefore be considered a good choice for milk production systems in the southern region of the state of Mexico, due to its nutritional and agronomic characteristics
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