17,372 research outputs found
The renormalized Hamiltonian truncation method in the large expansion
Hamiltonian Truncation Methods are a useful numerical tool to study strongly
coupled QFTs. In this work we present a new method to compute the exact
corrections, at any order, in the Hamiltonian Truncation approach presented by
Rychkov et al. in Refs. [1-3]. The method is general but as an example we
calculate the exact and some of the contributions for the
theory in two dimensions. The coefficients of the local expansion calculated in
Ref. [1] are shown to be given by phase space integrals. In addition we find
new approximations to speed up the numerical calculations and implement them to
compute the lowest energy levels at strong coupling. A simple diagrammatic
representation of the corrections and various tests are also introduced.Comment: JHEP version, typos fixed in Appendix and eq. (23
Canonical density matrix perturbation theory
Density matrix perturbation theory [Niklasson and Challacombe, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 92, 193001 (2004)] is generalized to canonical (NVT) free energy
ensembles in tight-binding, Hartree-Fock or Kohn-Sham density functional
theory. The canonical density matrix perturbation theory can be used to
calculate temperature dependent response properties from the coupled perturbed
self-consistent field equations as in density functional perturbation theory.
The method is well suited to take advantage of sparse matrix algebra to achieve
linear scaling complexity in the computational cost as a function of system
size for sufficiently large non-metallic materials and metals at high
temperatures.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figure
Local status and power in area-based health improvement partnerships
This is the authors' PDF version of an article published in Health© 2014. The definitive version is available at http://hea.sagepub.comArea-based initiatives (ABIs) have formed an important part of public policy towards more socio-economically deprived areas in many countries. Co-ordinating service provision within and across sectors has been a common feature of these initiatives. Despite sustained policy interest in ABIs, little empirical work has explored relations between ABI providers and partnership development within this context remains under-theorised. This paper addresses both of these gaps by exploring partnerships as a social and developmental process, drawing on concepts from figurational sociology to explain how provider relations develop within an ABI. Qualitative methods were used to explore, prospectively, the development of an ABI targeted at a town in the north west of England. A central finding was that, although effective delivery of ABIs is premised on a high level of coordination between service providers, the pattern of interdependencies between providers limits the frequency and effectiveness of cooperation. In particular, the interdependency of ABI providers with others in their organisation (what is termed here ‘organisational pull’) constrained the ways in which they worked with providers outside of their own organisations. ‘Local’ status, which could be earned over time, enabled some providers to exert greater control over the way in which provider relations developed during the course of the initiative. These findings demonstrate how historically constituted social networks, within which all providers are embedded, shape partnership development. The theoretical insight developed here suggests a need for more realistic expectations among policy makers about how and to what extent provider partnerships can be managed. Keywords: partnership, collaboration, community services, area-based initiatives, organisational pull, figurational sociologyNational Health Service (NHS
A Near-Infrared L Band Survey of the Young Embedded Cluster NGC 2024
We present the results of the first sensitive L band (3.4 micron) imaging
study of the nearby young embedded cluster NGC 2024. Two separate surveys of
the cluster were acquired in order to obtain a census of the circumstellar disk
fraction in the cluster. From an analysis of the JHKL colors of all sources in
our largest area, we find an infrared excess fraction of > 86%. The JHKL colors
suggest that the infrared excesses arise in circumstellar disks, indicating
that the majority of the sources which formed in the NGC 2024 cluster are
currently surrounded by, and likely formed with circumstellar disks. The excess
fractions remain very high, within the errors, even at the faintest L
magnitudes from our deeper surveys suggesting that disks form around the
majority of the stars in very young clusters such as NGC 2024 independent of
mass. From comparison with published JHKL observations of Taurus, we find the K
- L excess fraction in NGC 2024 to be consistent with a high initial incidence
of circumstellar disks in both NGC 2024 and Taurus. Because NGC 2024 represents
a region of much higher stellar density than Taurus, this suggests that disks
may form around most of the YSOs in star forming regions independent of
environment. We find a relatively constant JHKL excess fraction with increasing
cluster radius, indicating that the disk fraction is independent of location in
the cluster. In contrast, the JHK excess fraction increases rapidly toward the
central region of the cluster, and is most likely due to contamination of the K
band measurements by bright nebulosity in the central regions of the cluster.
We identify 45 candidate protostellar sources in the central regions of the NGC
2024 cluster, and find a lower limit on the protostellar phase of early stellar
evolution of 0.4 - 1.4 X 10^5 yr, similar to that in Taurus.Comment: 37 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, To appear in the Astronomical Journa
Pade-Improved Estimate of Perturbative Contributions to Inclusive Semileptonic Decays
Pade-approximant methods are used to estimate the three-loop perturbative
contributions to the inclusive semileptonic decay rate. These
improved estimates of the decay rate reduce the theoretical uncertainty in the
extraction of the CKM matrix element from the measured inclusive
semileptonic branching ratio.Comment: 3 pages, latex, write-up of talk presented at DPF 200
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