582 research outputs found
Making GDPR Usable: A Model to Support Usability Evaluations of Privacy
We introduce a new model for evaluating privacy that builds on the criteria
proposed by the EuroPriSe certification scheme by adding usability criteria.
Our model is visually represented through a cube, called Usable Privacy Cube
(or UP Cube), where each of its three axes of variability captures,
respectively: rights of the data subjects, privacy principles, and usable
privacy criteria. We slightly reorganize the criteria of EuroPriSe to fit with
the UP Cube model, i.e., we show how EuroPriSe can be viewed as a combination
of only rights and principles, forming the two axes at the basis of our UP
Cube. In this way we also want to bring out two perspectives on privacy: that
of the data subjects and, respectively, that of the controllers/processors. We
define usable privacy criteria based on usability goals that we have extracted
from the whole text of the General Data Protection Regulation. The criteria are
designed to produce measurements of the level of usability with which the goals
are reached. Precisely, we measure effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction,
considering both the objective and the perceived usability outcomes, producing
measures of accuracy and completeness, of resource utilization (e.g., time,
effort, financial), and measures resulting from satisfaction scales. In the
long run, the UP Cube is meant to be the model behind a new certification
methodology capable of evaluating the usability of privacy, to the benefit of
common users. For industries, considering also the usability of privacy would
allow for greater business differentiation, beyond GDPR compliance.Comment: 41 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, and appendixe
Privacy Considerations when Designing Social Network Systems to Support Successful Ageing
A number of interventions exist to support older adults in ageing well and these typically involve support for an active and sociable ageing process. We set out to examine the privacy implications of an intervention that would monitor mobility and share lifestyle and health data with a community of trusted others. We took a privacy-by-design approach to the system in the early stages of its development, working with older adults to firstly understand their networks of trust and secondly understand their privacy concerns should information be exchanged across that network. We used a Johari Windows framework in the thematic analysis of our data, concluding that the social sharing of information in later life carried significant risk. Our participants worried about the social signaling associated with data sharing and were cautious about a system that had the potential to disrupt established networks
TENSOR: a solution to dark web investigations
A wide range of criminal activities, particularly those related to hate crime, radicalisation and terrorism, have an ever-increasing online component that needs to be considered, captured and investigated. Activity on the Dark Web is becoming more commonplace and can be a significant factor in investigations. Such information may need to be coupled with other open-source information from the surface web and social media. Due to this, law enforcement is undergoing radical changes in their investigatory processes requiring new digital systems; however, aspects of the Dark Web still remain âoff limitsâ to investigators as they battle technical, regulatory and organisational challenges. TENSOR is conceived as a system that can address many of these challenges by providing a mechanism for investigators to capture intelligence from online sources including the Dark Web and convert it into structured and coherent data. Within the system, TENSOR implements a unique data model, acquisition and extraction process that enables information to become searchable, analysable and relatable. Several analytical capabilities are layered above delivering advanced functionalities including natural language processing and concept extraction, machine translation, image recognition and iconography detection, social network analysis, stylometry, content similarity recommendations and image forensics. Each capability is presented through a unified intelligence dashboard that provides a clear entry point and logical analysis pathway for investigation to ensure TENSOR delivers a system that enables law enforcement to access and analyse complex information from the surface, Deep and Dark Web
E-Voting in an ubicomp world: trust, privacy, and social implications
The advances made in technology have unchained the user from the desktop into interactions where access is anywhere, anytime. In addition, the introduction of ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) will see further changes in how we interact with technology and also socially. Ubicomp evokes a near future in which humans will be surrounded by âalways-on,â unobtrusive, interconnected intelligent objects where information is exchanged seamlessly. This seamless exchange of information has vast social implications, in particular the protection and management of personal information. This research project investigates the concepts of trust and privacy issues specifically related to the exchange of e-voting information when using a ubicomp type system
Fractal Conductance Fluctuations in Gold--Nanowires
A detailed analysis of magneto-conductance fluctuations of quasiballistic
gold-nanowires of various lengths is presented. We find that the variance
when analyzed for much
smaller than the correlation field varies according to with indicating that the graph of
vs. is fractal. We attribute this behavior to the existence of
long-lived states arising from chaotic trajectories trapped close to regular
classical orbits. We find that decreases with increasing length of the
wires.Comment: 5 pages, Revtex with epsf, 4 Postscript figures, final version
accepted as Phys. Rev. Let
Modification of the -Meson Lifetime in Nuclear Matter
The photo production of mesons on the nuclei C, Ca, Nb and Pb has
been measured using the Crystal Barrel/TAPS detector at the ELSA tagged photon
facility in Bonn. The dependence of the meson cross section on the
nuclear mass number has been compared with three different types of models, a
Glauber analysis, a BUU analysis of the Giessen theory group and a calculation
by the Valencia theory group. In all three cases, the inelastic width
is found to be at normal nuclear matter density for an
average 3-momentum of 1.1 GeV/c. In the restframe of the meson, this
inelastic width corresponds to a reduction of the lifetime by
a factor . For the first time, the momentum dependent N
cross section has been extracted from the experiment and is in the range of 70
mb.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Photoproduction of pi0 omega off protons for E(gamma) < 3 GeV
Differential and total cross-sections for photoproduction of gamma proton to
proton pi0 omega and gamma proton to Delta+ omega were determined from
measurements of the CB-ELSA experiment, performed at the electron accelerator
ELSA in Bonn. The measurements covered the photon energy range from the
production threshold up to 3GeV.Comment: 8 pages, 13 figure
Three-dimensional digital reconstruction of human placental villus architecture in normal and complicated pregnancies.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the use of digital technology in the three-dimensional reconstruction of human placentas. Study design: Placentas obtained at term elective caesarean section were sampled, formalin-fixed and embedded in paraffin. Two hundred 5 mm consecutive sections were cut from each specimen and the resultant slides stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Slides were then scanned and the digitised images reconstructed using customised software. Results: Three-dimensional reconstructions were successfully achieved in placentas from normal pregnancies and those complicated by pre-eclampsia, growth restriction, and gestational diabetes. Marked morphological differences were readily identifiable, most clearly in the stem villus architecture. Conclusion: This method is an emerging research tool for examining placental histoarchitecture at high resolution and gaining clinically relevant insight into the placental pathology allied to pregnancy complications such as PET, IUGR and GD
In-medium mass from the reaction
Data on the photoproduction of mesons on nuclei have been
re-analyzed in a search for in-medium modifications. The data were taken with
the Crystal Barrel(CB)/TAPS detector system at the ELSA accelerator facility in
Bonn. First results from the analysis of the data set were published by D.
Trnka et al. in Phys. Rev. Lett 94 (2005) 192303 \cite{david}, claiming a
lowering of the mass in the nuclear medium by 14 at normal nuclear
matter density. The extracted line shape was found to be sensitive to
the background subtraction. For this reason a re-analysis of the same data set
has been initiated and a new method has been developed to reduce the background
and to determine the shape and absolute magnitude of the background directly
from the data. Details of the re-analysis and of the background determination
are described. The signal on the target, extracted in the
re-analysis, does not show a deviation from the corresponding line shape on a
target, measured as reference. The earlier claim of an in-medium mass
shift is thus not confirmed. The sensitivity of the line shape to
different in-medium modification scenarios is discussed.Comment: 13 pages and 11 figures, submitted for publicatio
Regulatory Model for AAL
Proceedings of: 6th International Conference on Soft Computing Models in Industrial and Environmental Applications (SOCO 2011). Salamanca, April 6-8, 2011Abstract: In this work, authors define a set of principles that should be contained in context-aware applications (including biometric sensors) to accomplish the legal aspect in Europe and USA. Paper presents the necessity to consider legal aspect, related with pri-vacy or human rights, into the development of the incipient context based services. Clearly, context based services and Ambient Intelligence (and the most promising work area in Europe that is Ambient Assisted Living, ALL) needs a great effort in research new identification procedures.Publicad
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