Arroz irrigado: informações técnicas.

O homem e o meio ambiente; Evolucao do arroz irrigado no Mato Grosso do Sul; Fluxo de comercializacao; Morfologia e fisiologia da planta; Raiz; Colmo; Folha; Panicula; Flor; Semente; Crescimento da planta; Etapa zero; Etapa 1 a etapa 9; Clima; Fatores climaticos importantes; Temperatura; Fotoperiodo; Radiacao solar; Sistematizacao do terreno; Veneficios da sistematizacao; Levantamento altimetrico; Demarcacao e nivelamento; Construcao e conservacao de canais; Construcao e conservacao de canais de drenagem; Preparo do solo; Preparo do solo no sistema de semeadura em solos secos; Preparo convencional; Enxada rotativa; Cultivo minimo; Plantio direto; Nutricao mineral e adubacao; Consideracoes gerais; Caracteristicas dos solos inundados; Nitrogenio; Resposta do arroz ao nitrogenio; Fatores que afetam a eficiencia na utilizacao do nitrogenio; Fosforo; Potassio; Outros elementos; Semeadura; Consideracoes gerais; Qualidade e semente; Qualidade genetica; Qualidade fisica; Qualidade fisiologica; Qualidade sanitaria; Metodos de semeadura; Pre-germinada; Semeadura em solo seco; Cultivar (densidade); Quantidade de semente; Epoca de semeadura; Cultivares; Cultivo por transplantio; Irrigacao e drenagem; Pragas; Consideracoes gerais; Pragas de solo; Bicheira da raiz (Oryzophagus oryzae); Broca-do-colo (Elasmopalpus lignosellus) Lagarta-da-rosca (Agrotis ipsilon); Cascudo preto (Eutheola humilis); Pragas da parte aerea das plantas; Lagarta-dos-milharais (Spodoptera frugiperda); Percevejo do grao (Oebalus poeilus); Percevejo marrom (Tibraca limbativentris); Broca do colmo (Diatraea saccharalis); Pragas de graos armazenados; Gorgulhos (Sitophilus zeamais) e traca (Sitotroga cerealella); Recomendacoes gerais; Doencas; Brusone (Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc=Magnapothe grisea Barr.); Consideracoes gerais; Sintomas; Danos; Efeitos das condicoes ambientais e de manejo; Controle; Resistencia varietal; Metodos culturais; Metodos quimicos; Mancha parda (Helminthosporium oryzae Bipolaris oryzae); Consideracoes gerais; Sintomas; Efeito das condicoes ambientais; Controle; Mancha estreita (Cercospora oryzae); Consideracoes gerais; Sintomas; Ponta branca (Aphelenchoides besseyi); Consideracoes gerais; Controle; Patogenos transmitidos por semente e pelo solo; Plantas daninhas; COnsideracoes gerais; Principais plantas daninhas; Monocotiledoneas gramineas; Capim-arroz (Echinochloa crusgalli); Arroz vermelho e arroz (Oryza sp.); Monocotiledoneas ciperaceas; Tirica, cebolinha, ciperaceas (Cyperus spp.); Dicotiledoneas; Corriola, corda-de-viola (Ipomea rptans), Erva-de-bicho (Polygonum hidropiperoides) e agua-pe (Heteranthera reniformis); Metodos de controle; Controle do arroz vermelho; Sistema de semeadura em solo inundado; Metodo cultural; Metodo mecanico; Metodo quimico; Sistema de semeadura em solo seco; Metodo cultural; Metodo mecnico; Metodo quimico; Controle com herbicidas residuais; Controle com herbicidas dessecantes; Controle de outras ervas daninhas; Pre-semeadura; Pre-emergencia das plantas daninhas; Herbicidas recomendados; Colheita e pos colheita; Ponto de colheita; Transporte; Recepcao; Pre-limpeza; Secagem; Armazenagem.bitstream/item/39702/1/ct3fr.pd

Características agronômicas de cultivares de arroz irrigado e de sequeiro recomendadas para o Mato Grosso do Sul.

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Influence of water availability in the distributions of branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether in soils of the Iberian Peninsula

The combined application of the MBT (degree of methylation) and CBT (degree of cyclization) indices, based on the distribution of branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) in soils, has been proposed as a paleoproxy to estimate mean annual temperature (MAT). CBT quantifies the degree of cyclization of brGDGTs and relates to soil pH. MBT and the simplified version MBT' quantify the degree of methylation of brGDGTs and relate to MAT and soil pH. However, other factors such as soil water availability have also been suggested to influence MBT' and possibly restrict the combined application of the MBT' and CBT indices as a paleotemperature proxy. To assess the effect of hydrological conditions on MBT' and CBT, a set of 23 Iberian Peninsula soil samples, covering a MAT range from 10 to 18 °C and a mean annual precipitation (MAP) range of 405 mm to 1455 mm, was analyzed. We found that the CBT was indeed significantly correlated with soil pH in our sample set. In contrast, MBT' was not correlated with MAT but had a significant correlation with the aridity index (AI), a parameter related to water availability in soils. The AI can explain 50% of the variation of the MBT', and 70% of the residuals of MAT estimated with the MBT/CBT proxy as compared to instrumentally measured MAT. We propose that, in arid settings, where water may be an ecologically limiting factor, MBT' is influenced by hydrological conditions rather than temperature. Thus, our results suggest that the combination of MBT' and CBT indices should be applied with caution in paleotemperature reconstructions in soils from dry subhumid to hyperarid environments

Refsum's Disease—Use of the Intestinal Lipase Inhibitor, Orlistat, as a Novel Therapeutic Approach to a Complex Disorder

Refsum's Disease is an inherited metabolic disorder in which a metabolite of branched chain fatty acids accumulates due to lack of appropriate oxidative enzymes. Patients have elevated plasma phytanic acid levels and high concentrations of phytanic acid in a variety of tissues leading to progressive tissue damage. Besides retinal degeneration or retinal dystrophy associated with adult onset retinitis pigmentosa, additional symptoms include chronic polyneuropathy, cerebellar ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss, anosmia, ichthyosis, as well as skeletal, cardiac, hepatic, and renal abnormalities. Current management includes avoidance of dietary sources of branched chain fatty acids and regular plasmapheresis to prevent accumulation of these compounds to ameliorate progressive neurological deficits. Two brothers with Refsum's disease who experienced progressive symptoms despite optimal diet and plasmapheresis were commenced on a novel therapy. We report the effect of the intestinal lipase inhibitor, Orlistat, which led to significant reduction (P-value <0.001 on 2-sample unpaired t-test) of mean preplasmapheresis phytanic acid levels with retardation of the progression of most of their dermatological and neurological symptoms

Development and test of a 35 kA - HTS CroCo cable demonstrator

The answer to energy-efficient electric power transfer of high currents in the range of several tens of kA can be given by high temperature superconducting (HTS) cables. BSCCO and MgB2 have been used widely for such cables, reaching maximum currents of about 20 kA. REBCO coated conductors are promising for future HTS cables beyond 20 kA and allow the operation based on subcooled liquid nitrogen. Several cabling concepts based on REBCO tapes were developed world-wide to realize such cables. Using the stacked-Tape concept, a scalable semi-industrial process was developed by KIT, called HTS CrossConductor (HTS CroCo). Key aspects of the conceptual design of high-current HTS cables are discussed and the design of a 35 kA DC cable demonstrator made from HTS CroCo strands is presented. Aspects regarding joints, current redistribution between individual strands and electrical stabilization are highlighted. The performance of this demonstrator cable was tested, reaching the envisaged current

HTS CroCo - A Strand for High Direct Current Applications

High temperature superconductors (HTS) are discussed as energy-efficient solutions for applications needing high direct currents beyond 10 kA e.g. for large high-field magnets or bus bar systems in industrial electrolysis plants. A number of high-current cable concepts based on REBCO tapes were developed such as the Roebel cable, co-axially wound tapes and several stacked-tape arrangements, among them the HTS CrossConductor (HTS CroCo), a stacked-tape conductor with high current density developed at KIT. In this manuscript, the experimental test of a high DC demonstrator, termed Supra-DC-Cable, made from twelve HTS CroCo strands is presented. The demonstrator was tested successfully at T = 77 K, reaching the expected critical current of 33 kA at 77 K and even for a constant-current operation at 36 kA for more than 30 minutes limited by the copper connections, not the superconducting cable. Currents and voltages were measured in all twelve strands individually during the parallel operation in the cable. These measured data allow the experimental validation of the modelled current distribution, based on the individual characterization of the twelve strands