18,912 research outputs found
Cooperative Caching for Multimedia Streaming in Overlay Networks
Traditional data caching, such as web caching, only focuses on how to boost the hit rate of requested objects in caches, and therefore, how to reduce the initial delay for object retrieval. However, for multimedia objects, not only reducing the delay of object retrieval, but also provisioning reasonably stable network bandwidth to clients, while the fetching of the cached objects goes on, is important as well. In this paper, we propose our cooperative caching scheme for a multimedia delivery scenario, supporting a large number of peers over peer-to-peer overlay networks. In order to facilitate multimedia streaming and downloading service from servers, our caching scheme (1) determines the appropriate availability of cached stream segments in a cache community, (2) determines the appropriate peer for cache replacement, and (3) performs bandwidth-aware and availability-aware cache replacement. By doing so, it achieves (1) small delay of stream retrieval, (2) stable bandwidth provisioning during retrieval session, and (3) load balancing of clients' requests among peers
Charge Transfer Fluctuations as a QGP Signal
In this study, we analyze the recently proposed charge transfer fluctuations
within a finite pseudo-rapidity space. As the charge transfer fluctuation is a
measure of the local charge correlation length, it is capable of detecting
inhomogeneity in the hot and dense matter created by heavy ion collisions. We
predict that going from peripheral to central collisions, the charge transfer
fluctuations at midrapidity should decrease substantially while the charge
transfer fluctuations at the edges of the observation window should decrease by
a small amount. These are consequences of having a strongly inhomogeneous
matter where the QGP component is concentrated around midrapidity. We also show
how to constrain the values of the charge correlations lengths in both the
hadronic phase and the QGP phase using the charge transfer fluctuations.
Current manuscript is based on the preprints hep-ph/0503085 (to appear in
Physical Review C) and nucl-th/0506025.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of 18th International Conference on
Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions: Quark Matter 2005 (QM 2005),
Budapest, Hungary, 4-9 Aug 200
Formulating the Net Gain of MISO-SFN in the Presence of Self-Interferences
In this study, an analytical formula for multiple-input single-output single frequency network gain (MISO-SFNG) is investigated. To formulate the net MISO-SFNG, we derived the average signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) where the gain achieved by the distributed MISO diversity as a function of power imbalance is curve-fitted. Further, we analyzed the losses owing to self-interferences resulting from the delay spread and imperfect channel estimation. We verified the accuracy and effectiveness of the derived formula by comparing the measurement results with the analytical results. The derived formula helps to understand how various system factors affect the gain under a given condition. The formula can be used to evaluate the MISO-SFNG and to predict the MISO-SFN coverage in various system configurations
Supersymmetric gauged Double Field Theory: Systematic derivation by virtue of \textit{Twist}
In a completely systematic and geometric way, we derive maximal and
half-maximal supersymmetric gauged double field theories in lower than ten
dimensions. To this end, we apply a simple twisting ansatz to the
ungauged maximal and half-maximal supersymmetric double field theories
constructed previously within the so-called semi-covariant formalism. The
twisting ansatz may not satisfy the section condition. Nonetheless, all the
features of the semi-covariant formalism, including its complete
covariantizability, are still valid after the twist under alternative
consistency conditions. The twist allows gaugings as supersymmetry preserving
deformations of the untwisted theories after Scherk-Schwarz-type
dimensional reductions. The maximal supersymmetric twist requires an extra
condition to ensure both the Ramond-Ramond gauge symmetry and the
supersymmetries unbroken.Comment: 1+58 pages, section 4 enhanced, refs added. To appear in JHE
Nucleus-Nucleus Bremsstrahlung from Ultrarelativistic Collisions
The bremsstrahlung produced when heavy nuclei collide is estimated for
central collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Soft photons can be
used to infer the rapidity distribution of the outgoing charge. An experimental
design is outlined.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, uses revte
Quantile-based bias correction and uncertainty quantification of extreme event attribution statements
Extreme event attribution characterizes how anthropogenic climate change may
have influenced the probability and magnitude of selected individual extreme
weather and climate events. Attribution statements often involve quantification
of the fraction of attributable risk (FAR) or the risk ratio (RR) and
associated confidence intervals. Many such analyses use climate model output to
characterize extreme event behavior with and without anthropogenic influence.
However, such climate models may have biases in their representation of extreme
events. To account for discrepancies in the probabilities of extreme events
between observational datasets and model datasets, we demonstrate an
appropriate rescaling of the model output based on the quantiles of the
datasets to estimate an adjusted risk ratio. Our methodology accounts for
various components of uncertainty in estimation of the risk ratio. In
particular, we present an approach to construct a one-sided confidence interval
on the lower bound of the risk ratio when the estimated risk ratio is infinity.
We demonstrate the methodology using the summer 2011 central US heatwave and
output from the Community Earth System Model. In this example, we find that the
lower bound of the risk ratio is relatively insensitive to the magnitude and
probability of the actual event.Comment: 28 pages, 4 figures, 3 table
QCD critical region and higher moments for three flavor models
One of the distinctive feature of the QCD phase diagram is the possible
emergence of a critical endpoint. The critical region around the critical point
and the path dependency of the critical exponents is investigated within
effective chiral (2+1)-flavor models with and without Polyakov-loops. Results
obtained in no-sea mean-field approximations where a divergent vacuum part in
the fermion-loop contribution is neglected, are confronted to the renormalized
ones. Furthermore, the modifications caused by the back-reaction of the matter
fluctuations on the pure Yang-Mills system are discussed. Higher order,
non-Gaussian moments of event-by-event distributions of various particle
multiplicities are enhanced near the critical point and could serve as a probe
to determine its location in the phase diagram. By means of a novel derivative
technique higher order generalized quark-number susceptibilities are calculated
and their sign structure in the phase diagram is analyzed.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures. Final PRD version (references and one more
equation added
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