174 research outputs found
The incidence of tuberculosis in patients treated with certolizumab pegol across indications: impact of baseline skin test results, more stringent screening criteria and geographic region
Objectives We report the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) across certolizumab pegol (CZP) clinical trials in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), before and after the introduction of stricter TB screening.
Methods TB incidence rates (IRs) were assessed and stratified according to screening guidelines used at the time of CZP trials. Before 2007 (original trials), purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin skin test positivity varied according to local standards (induration â„5 up to â„20â
mm). Since 2007, all CZP trial protocols have been amended, including trials spanning (intermediate) and initiated after 2007 (current), mandating that any patient with PPDâ„5â
mm receives treatment for latent TB infection (LTBI). All cases of suspected TB or PPDâ„5â
mm, in pooled data from 5402 CZP patients across all CZP trials up to 2012, underwent blinded central review by independent experts.
Results 44 TB cases were confirmed in pooled CZP RA trials (IR 0.47/100PY, patient-years) with no cases in Japanese RA trials (J-RAPID, HIKARI). Single TB cases were confirmed in psoriasis and axSpA trials (RAPID-axSpA), and no cases in the PsA trial (RAPID-PsA). IR of TB was 0.51/100PY across original or intermediate RA trials and 0.18/100PY in current trials. The majority of TB cases in RA occurred in Eastern (IR 1.02/100PY) and Central Europe (IR 0.58/100PY). Of 242/370 PPDâ„5â
mm patients who received 9â
months isoniazid (INH) treatment for latent TB infection (LTBI), none developed TB, versus 7.8% of 128 untreated PPDâ„5â
mm patients.
Conclusions Implementation of more stringent LTBI screening, plus treatment for LTBI, reduced the IR of TB, even when INH was administered after starting CZP therapy.This study was funded by UCB PharmaS
A Review of Controlling Motivational Strategies from a Self-Determination Theory Perspective: Implications for Sports Coaches
The aim of this paper is to present a preliminary taxonomy of six controlling strategies, primarily based on the parental and educational literatures, which we believe are employed by coaches in sport contexts. Research in the sport and physical education literature has primarily focused on coachesâ autonomysupportive behaviours. Surprisingly, there has been very little research on the use of controlling strategies. A brief overview of the research which delineates each proposed strategy is presented, as are examples of the potential manifestation of the behaviours associated with each strategy in the context of sports coaching. In line with self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985; Ryan & Deci, 2002), we propose that coach behaviours employed to pressure or control athletes have the potential to thwart athletesâ feelings of autonomy, competence,and relatedness, which, in turn, undermine athletesâ self-determined motivation and contribute to the development of controlled motives. When athletes feel pressured to behave in a certain way, a variety of negative consequences are expected to ensue which are to the detriment of the athletesâ well-being. The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness and interest in the darker side of sport participation and to offer suggestions for future research in this area
The hypertoric intersection cohomology ring
We present a functorial computation of the equivariant intersection
cohomology of a hypertoric variety, and endow it with a natural ring structure.
When the hyperplane arrangement associated with the hypertoric variety is
unimodular, we show that this ring structure is induced by a ring structure on
the equivariant intersection cohomology sheaf in the equivariant derived
category. The computation is given in terms of a localization functor which
takes equivariant sheaves on a sufficiently nice stratified space to sheaves on
a poset.Comment: Significant revisions in Section 5, with several corrected proof
Internet of things
Manual of Digital Earth / Editors: Huadong Guo, Michael F. Goodchild, Alessandro Annoni .- Springer, 2020 .- ISBN: 978-981-32-9915-3Digital Earth was born with the aim of replicating the real world within the digital world. Many efforts have been made to observe and sense the Earth, both from space (remote sensing) and by using in situ sensors. Focusing on the latter, advances in Digital Earth have established vital bridges to exploit these sensors and their networks by taking location as a key element. The current era of connectivity envisions that everything is connected to everything. The concept of the Internet of Things(IoT)emergedasaholisticproposaltoenableanecosystemofvaried,heterogeneous networked objects and devices to speak to and interact with each other. To make the IoT ecosystem a reality, it is necessary to understand the electronic components, communication protocols, real-time analysis techniques, and the location of the objects and devices. The IoT ecosystem and the Digital Earth (DE) jointly form interrelated infrastructures for addressing todayâs pressing issues and complex challenges. In this chapter, we explore the synergies and frictions in establishing an efïŹcient and permanent collaboration between the two infrastructures, in order to adequately address multidisciplinary and increasingly complex real-world problems. Although there are still some pending issues, the identiïŹed synergies generate optimism for a true collaboration between the Internet of Things and the Digital Earth
Relação treinador-atleta e exercĂcio da liderança no desporto: a percepção de treinadores de alta competição
Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados de quatro entrevistas levadas a cabo com treinadores de alta competição portugueses, onde se procurou recolher informaçÔes sobre as competĂȘncias necessĂĄrias para exercer a actividade de treinador, os princĂpios e filosofia adoptada no trabalho, as principais ĂĄreas de exercĂcio da liderança e os valores defendidos na modalidade e na prĂĄtica profissional. Os resultados permitiram verificar um acordo quanto Ă importĂąncia de possuĂrem boas competĂȘncias conceptuais e pessoais, princĂpios claros e aceites pelos atletas, boas condiçÔes de trabalho e atletas com qualidade para a alta competição. Paralelamente, foi evidente a complexidade de tarefas assumidas na orientação dos atletas (nove dimensĂ”es do exercĂcio da liderança). Por Ășltimo, Ă© de salientar a importĂąncia dada Ă obtenção dos resultados competitivos (objectivo principal) em conjunto com a anĂĄlise satisfatĂłria do trabalho realizado e a valorização do desenvolvimento pessoal, tanto no treinador como nos atletas (objectivos âperifĂ©ricosâ).Coach-athlete relationship and leadership practice: the perceptions of four high level competition coaches.
On this article we present the results on interviewing four high level competition Portuguese coaches. The
aim was to look for information on the essential coaching competences, the working principles and philosophy,
the main leadership exercise areas and the defended values on sports and professional practice. The results
showed the relevancy of gathering good conceptual and personal competencies, clear and accepted principals,
good working conditions and qualified athletes. Also evident were the complex tasks assumed on guiding the
athletes (nine leadership exercise dimensions were found). Finally, it is essential to point out the importance
given to obtaining sporting results (main goal) as well as the satisfactory working analyses and the value given
to coachesâ and athletesâ self-development (side goals).(undefined
âThe Coaching Needs of High Performance Female Athletes within the Coach-Athlete Dyadâ
Within the research literature there is little work that has examined how coaches (and coaching) can positively influence female athletesâ continued participation and development in performance sport. With this in mind, utilising a grounded theory approach, this study focused on what are the coaching preferences of female athletes within the elite coachathlete dyad. Through interviews with 27 current high performance female athletes, four major coaching needs were found. These were: to be supported as person as well a performer, coaching to be a joint endeavour, the need for positive communication and finally, recognition of the salience of gender within the coach-athlete dyad. The findings provide evidence that the relational expertise of coaches is at the forefront of these womenâs coaching needs. This study also demonstrates that for the participants, the coach-athlete relationship is at the heart of improving athletic training and performance, and that gender is an important influence on this relationship. Furthermore, the research highlights the strength of using an interpretive-qualitative paradigmatic approach to athlete preferences through foregrounding the womenâs voices and experiences
Protocol of the âAs du Coeurâ study: a randomized controlled trial on physical activity maintenance in cardiovascular patients
Analyzing Clusters and Constellations:from Untwisting Shortened Links on Twitter Using Conceptual Graphs
Gene Expression Profiling of Bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (TBTO)-Induced Immunotoxicity in Mice and Rats
Understanding the Interplay Among Regulatory Self-Efficacy, Moral Disengagement, and Academic Cheating Behaviour During Vocational Education: A Three-Wave Study
The literature has suggested that to understand the diffusion of unethical conduct in the workplace, it is important to investigate the underlying processes sustaining engagement in misbehaviour and to study what occurs during vocational education. Drawing on social-cognitive theory, in this study, we longitudinally examined the role of two opposite dimensions of the self-regulatory moral system, regulatory self-efficacy and moral disengagement, in influencing academic cheating behaviour. In addition, in line with the theories highlighting the bidirectional relationship between cognitive processes and behaviour, we aimed to also examine the reciprocal influence of behaviour on these dimensions over time. Overall, no previous studies have examined the longitudinal interplay between these variables. The sample included 866 (62.8% female) nursing students who were assessed three times annually from the beginning of their vocational education. The findings from a cross-lagged model confirmed that regulatory self-efficacy and moral disengagement have opposite influences on cheating behaviour, that regulatory self-efficacy negatively influences not only the engagement in misconduct but also the justification mechanisms that allow the divorce between moral standards and action, and that moral disengagement and cheating behaviour reciprocally support each other over time. Specifically, not only did moral disengagement influence cheating behaviour even when controlling for its prior levels, but also cheating behaviour affected moral disengagement one year later, controlling for its prior levels. These findings suggest that recourse to wrongdoing could gradually lead to further normalising this kind of behaviour and morally desensitising individuals to misconduct
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