HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF Physalis peruviana L. FRUIT EXTRACTS ON LEAD ACETATE INTOXICATED RATS

Physalis peruviana has been widely used as a medicinal herb for treating various diseases since ancient times. This study aimed to examine the hepatoprotective potential of the ethanolic extract of P. peruviana fruit (EPPF) against lead acetate (LA) intoxicated male albino rats. The experimental rats were divided into ten groups of 4 animals. Animal of Group I served as normal, Group II animals were administered orally 15 mg/Kg body weight of LA, Group III to V animals received EPPF 150mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg respectively, Group VI animals received standard silymarin 50 mg/kg, and Group VII to X were treated with LA (15 mg/kg) with EPPF 150, 300, 600 and std 50 mg/kg, orally for 32 days respectively. The degree of protection was measured by estimating hematological parameters such as Hb, RBC, WBC, PCV, platelets, MCV, MCHC, and ESR and biochemical parameters such as urea, creatinine, Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, bilirubin, SGOT, SGBT,  ALP, GGT, protein, albumin and globulin. Lead acetate induced alterations of hematological and biochemical parameters were observed in group II animals and these levels brought back to normal in the animals treated with EPPF at the concentrations of 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg which was significantly similar to silymarin treated animals. The data of the results obtained depicted that the fruit extract of P. peruviana was found to have promising protective efficacy against lead acetate induced liver toxicity

Aquatic Organisms in Nattrinai

There are many kinds of organisms living in different environments in the world. They had a physique according to the environment in which they lived and had food habits for their respective environments. Just as on land, there are living creatures in the water. In the Sangam age, there were more species living in Sangam age than in today's time. They have been studied very carefully by the Sangam scholars and expressed through their songs. Thus, one of the Sangam texts, Natrinai, describes the life of the ancient Tamils who lived in harmony with nature. In the book, there are five types of land mentioned: Kurinji, Mullai, Marudham, Neithal, and Paalai. The five lands have water bodies in the names of spring, waterfall, wild river, lake, pond, small pond, reservoir, the mouth of a river, pit, well, and trough. Marutham land is a well-watered area with water bodies such as Natural Pond and Pond, and adjoining fields and muddy areas mixed with water and land. They are called the freshwater area. Therefore, the species that live there are called freshwater living organisms. The saline water found in the Neithal Land is called brackish water. These areas are composed of water bodies such as the sea, coastal sands, and lagoons. The organisms that live there are called brackish water organisms. Thus, there are many aquatic organisms in Natrinai. Among them are freshwater fishes such as swordfish, butterfish, catfish, brackish water fish such as sharks, fish that live in both fresh and brackish water bodies such as mackerel, horse fish, and prawns, and fish that live in both water bodies. This article explores and explains species such as crocodiles and crabs

Training feedforward neural network using genetic algorithm to diagnose left ventricular hypertrophy

In this research work, a new technique was proposed for the diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) from the ECG signal. The advanced imaging techniques can be used to diagnose left ventricular hypertrophy, but it leads to time-consuming and more expensive. This proposed technique overcomes thesef issues and may serve as an efficient tool to diagnose the LVH disease. The LVH causes changes in the patterns of ECG signal which includes R wave, QRS and T wave. This proposed approach identifies the changes in the pattern and extracts the temporal, spatial and statistical features of the ECG signal using windowed filtering technique. These features were applied to the conventional classifier and also to the neural network classifier with the modified weights using a genetic algorithm. The weights were modified by combining the crossover operators such as crossover arithmetic and crossover two-point operator. The results were compared with the various classifiers and the performance of the neural network with the modified weights using a genetic algorithm is outperformed. The accuracy of the weights modified feedforward neural network is 97.5%

Formulation, and Evaluation of Telmisartan Sustained Release Floating Tablets

Telmisartan tablets used for the treatment of hypertension. Telmisartan tablets were successfully formulated by using different concentration of polymers (HPMC E 15, HPMC K15,MCC, MG.STERATE and ,Sodium bicarbonate ,citric acid and TALC) to sustain the drug for a prolonged period of time .FTIR study performed for identification and compatability study of drug and exepients, found no characteristic change in drug-excipient powder mixture. Hence the excipients were selected for the formulation development. Powder blends were evaluated for tests, such as bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index and Hausners ratio before being punched as tablets. The In-vitro dissolution profiles of F1 to F6 were found to have different percentage of drug release .The percentage of drug release is low (83.5) for F1 tablets when compared to other formulations .F5 has better percentage drug release profile with maximum (97%) at the end of 20th hr sustained action .The F5 formulation was fabricated with a very less polymer ratio and show a very a good release profile at the end of 2Oth hr. The optimized batch tablets , stability studies are carried out for three months ,as per ICH guidelines (40±20C/RH75±5). Tablets were evaluated for assay and in-vitro dissolution, but found no significant change during the study period .It can be concluded that sustained release tablets of Telmisartan can be performed by direct compression method .All the formulas show a very good drug release profiles and shown better sustained action till the end of last hour (20th hrs) .And hence will improve patient compliance and increase in bioavailability

Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of antenatal mothers on child’s immunization in Raichur district, Karnataka

Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of antenatal mothers on child’s immunization and to know the factors affecting the completeness of vaccination and coverage. Design: A questionnaire based cross-sectional study. Setting: Navodaya Hospital, Raichur in the months of June and July 2016. Participants: 200 antenatal inpatients and outpatients mothers. Intervention: A questionnaire comprising 18 questions were administered to the mothers to assess their KAP regarding child’s immunization. Their responses were analyzed using Chi-square test with a value of p<0.05 considered as significant. EPI info version 12 and SPSS 16.0 software were used to analyze the data. Results: Demographic factors of the mother did not have a significant impact on immunization of child. 76.5% of them acquired knowledge regarding through health workers, 60% of the mothers did not know the existence of different types of vaccines, but polio has gained the highest attention of 84% among the diseases. 74% were aware that immunization is free of cost from the government. Responses regarding attitude showed, 96% were willing to get their children vaccinated, 83% felt that the vaccines were harmless, 44% had a fear of side effects due to the vaccines, and 60% of them own an immunization card. Conclusion: The KAP regarding immunization of child in antenatal mothers of Raichur is favorable to the society but fear, lack of awareness and knowledge that prevent the reaching of set targets, can be eliminated by health-care professionals through their timely counseling and interventions in antenatal mothers to achieve completeness and coverage

Exceptional Response with Immunotherapy in a Patient with Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Chemotherapy with or without radiation is the standard therapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), although the response rate is not high and not durable. We describe a 62-year-old male who was diagnosed with ATC and initially treated with a thyroidectomy and lymph node dissection, followed by chemotherapy. Next generation sequencing was then performed to guide therapy and the tumor was found to have BRAF and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positivity that was subsequently treated with vemurafenib and nivolumab. This led to substantial regression of tumor nodules. Genomic sequencing-based approaches to identify therapeutic targets has potential for improving outcomes. Currently, the patient continues to be in complete radiographic and clinical remission 20 months after beginning treatment with nivolumab. KEY POINTS: Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 immunotherapy has shown evidence of durable responses in certain malignancies such as melanoma, lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma.PD-L1 positive tumors promote autoimmunity against the tumor; therefore, PD-1/PD-L1 blockade may be beneficial.Molecular profiling could possibly result in improved targeted therapy for certain malignancies

Discontinuous Tangential Stress in Double Wall Carbon Nanotubes

We have examined the stability of double wall carbon nanotubes under hydrostatic pressures up to 10 GPa. The tangential optical phonon mode observed by inelastic light scattering is sensitive to the inplane stress and splits into a contribution associated with the external and internal tube. While the pressure coefficient from the external tube is the same as in single wall carbon nanotubes, the pressure coefficient from the internal tube is found to be 45% smaller. The phonon band from the external tube broadens considerably with applied pressure in contrast with the phonon band of the internal tube which stays constant. These pressure dependent phonon shifts of the external and internal tubes and the contrasting phonon line broadening are explained by the elastic continuum shell model which takes into account both the continuous radial and discontinuous tangential stress component

Studies on lipase enzyme production by indigenously isolated Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127002 ) and Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127001)

Microbial lipases holds a prominent place among biocatalysts that act on carboxylic ester bonds.  This present study involves about eight strains isolated form slaughter house waste water,Coimbatore producing lipase.Among those strains , two bacterial strains exhibiting high lipase production  were identified as  Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127002 ) and Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127001 ) by both biochemical analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing.  Initial studies were done for optimizing lipase production using many components such as time course,Carbon sources ,pH and innoculum volume which  revealed maximum lipase acitivity (43.37 U/ml) at 24 hours, using  palm oil , at pH 8 and innoculum volume of 1 ml by Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127002 ).Further the percentage  removal of oil from oil stained fabric was determined using partially purified lipase with or without detergents and the results indicated 20% ,30% removal with use of  crude lipase and commercial detergent respectively.Hence, lipase from Bacillus Cereus(BAIT GCT 127002 )   can be regarded as an ideal ingredient that can be used in the laundry detergents.Â&nbsp

Monte Carlo study on anomalous carrier diffusion in inhomogeneous semiconductors

We perform ensemble Monte Carlo simulations of electron diffusion in high mobility inhomogeneous InAs layers. Electrons move ballistically for short times while moving diffusively for sufficiently long times. We find that electrons show anomalous diffusion in the intermediate time domain. Our study suggests that electrons in inhomogeneous InAs could be used to experimentally explore generalized random walk phenomena, which, some studies assert, also occur naturally in the motion of animal foraging paths