Isolation of Trichophyton mentogrophytes var mentogrophytes from naturally infected laboratory albino rats: experimental infection and treatment in rabbits

The present study demonstrated for the first time the occurrence of dermatophytosis in naturally infected rats and from asymptomatic and from breeding boxes of white rats kept in animal housing of college of Veterinary Medicine, University of Dohuk, Iraq. The prevalence rate of infection was (28%), clinically infected rats characterized by appearance of scaly ovoid type lesions with crusty edge and patch of hair loss mostly seen on the back, neck and face of the infected rats, itching was reported in some rats. Only one species of the trichophyton, T. mentogrophytes var mentogrophytes was isolated with growth rate (85.71%) of samples collected from clinically infected rats, and (28.57%) from asymptomatic and from breeding cages, the growth was observed within the 21 days at 25ºC on Sabouraud's Dextrose Agar. Lacto phenol cotton blue staining slides of T. mentogrophytes var mentogrophytes revealed both microconidia and macroconidia. Microconidia found in numerous numbers often in dense cluster which were hyaline, smooth walled and predominantly spherical to sub spherical in shape, varying numbers of chlamydoconidia. Spiral hyphae and smooth, thin walled clavate shaped multicelled macroconidia were also present. The study also dealt with experimental infection in rabbits with T. mentogrophytes var mentogrophytes and treated by two drugs, natural herbal preparation of acidic pomegranate (Punica granatum) fruit and synthetic nystatine ointment. The complete recovery of lesions was recorded after 14 days and 21 days of topical application of a pomegranate and nystatine ointment for 5 successive days respectively

Comparative Study of Multiple Regression Model with Curvefit Model for The Prediction of Solar Radiation in Mubi Town Adamawa State, Nigeria

The sun emits solar radiation, which is critical for researchers working on renewable energy technology that provides ecologically favorable power systems. This research created a new model to forecast DHSR for the Mubi metropolitan area in Adamawa State, Nigeria. Data for this study were obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) over a 22-year period (2000 – 2021). When DHSR was employed as an output, the requested values were air temperature (Tai) and relative humidity (Rhi). The MATHLAB curve fitting program was used to create the new DHSR mathematical model. The model was validated using five statistical methods in this study: MSE (mean square error); SSE (sum of square errors); RMSE, Chi-square error (X2), and the absolute fraction of variance (R2) are 0.0005, 0.0064, 0.0231, 0.0011kWh/m2/day, and 0.9998, respectively

Large Eddy Simulation of acoustic pulse propagation and turbulent flow interaction in expansion mufflers

A novel hybrid pressure-based compressible solver is developed and validated for low Mach number acoustic flow simulation. The solver is applied to the propagation of an acoustic pulse in a simple expansion muffler, a configuration frequently employed in HVAC and automotive exhaust systems. A set of benchmark results for experimental analysis of the simple expansion muffler both with and without flow are obtained to compare attenuation in forced pulsation for various mean-flow velocities. The experimental results are then used for validation of the proposed pressure-based compressible solver. Compressible, Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation of a muffler with a mean through flow is conducted and results are presented to demonstrate inherent limitations associated with this approach. Consequently, a mixed synthetic inflow boundary condition is developed and validated for compressible Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of channel flow. The mixed synthetic boundary is then employed for LES of a simple expansion muffler to analyse the flow-acoustic and acoustic-pulse interactions inside the expansion muffler. The improvement in the prediction of vortex shedding inside the chamber is highlighted in comparison to the URANS method. Further, the effect of forced pulsation on flow-acoustic is observed in regard to the shift in Strouhal number inside the simple expansion muffler

2D adaptive FEM simulation of failures in high-speed impacts

The simulation of high-speed impacts needs the use of advanced constitutive equations required for the accurate prediction of the different thermomechanical fields and their mutual interactions (temperature, large strains, hardening, damage, friction …). Since these fields localize inside intense shear bands (ISB), ductile micro-cracks initiate inside these ISB leading to the initiation of macroscopic crack and its fast propagation until the final fracture occurs. Accordingly, these advanced constitutive equations should take into account not only the strong thermomechanical coupling but also the ductile damage and its strong effect (coupling) on the other thermomechanical fields. In this work a complete set of advanced and fully coupled thermo-elasto-viscoplastic-damage constitutive equations accounting for mixed nonlinear isotropic and kinematic hardening fully coupled with the ductile isotropic damage and the thermal softening for time dependent finite plasticity is presented. Related numerical aspects in the framework of a fully adaptive 2D finite element strategy are developed and briefly discussed. This adaptive procedure is applied to the simulation of simple high velocity impact of thick sheets with dynamic ductile fracture occurrence. Attention is paid to the localization of the main thermomechanical fields inside the ISB as well as to the macroscopic cracks initiation and growth under high velocity impact

Computer Application for Maintenance Planning and Scheduling of Industrial Plant

Plant maintenance involves all activities carried out on a machine to ensure a zero downtime of operation. Maintenance activities vary from one industry to the other but the basic maintenance activities are mainly to ensure continuous operations of equipment, plant and machineries. Over the past few decades, the various industrial work activities and maintenance operations are performed without a concrete plan (schedule) or are performed via manual paper work. Industrial operations are usually complex and recurrent activities. Analysis has shown that lack or insufficient maintenance coordination, has accounted for the poor performances and inefficiencies of many industries. Thus, it is pertinent to deduce a planned maintenance organizer or a computer aided design for the planning and scheduling of industrial work activities. This becomes important as computer has revolutionalized industrial activities with the development of modern high level computer programming languages such as visual basic by Microsoft among others

Oxidation of Low Valent Sulphur Compounds with Lead Tetraacetate: Part II- Potentiometric Determination of Pb(IV) Acetate by Reduction with Thiosulphate or Metabisulphite

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The relation between active smoking and colposcopical and cytological findings in the cervix uteri

Background: All types of smoking have been associated with cervical neoplasia, and the long-term of use tobacco products and intensity of smoking could influence cervical carcinogenesis. The aim of this study is to identify the association between smoking and the presence of colposcopical and cytological abnormalities in cervix uteri.Methods: An observational case-control study was applied on 100 patients to investigate this relationship. The patients were divided into two groups, smokers’ group (70) cases and nonsmokers’ group (30) cases. All of the patients have been submitted to colposcopy and Papanicolaou smear. Comparison of colposcopic and cellular findings between both groups was done.Results: Authors found that there was a significance difference in the rate of abnormal colposcopical findings between two groups. This rate in smokers’ sample was 45.7% and in the second was 26.7% with p-value=0.04. Additionally, there was no significance difference in the rate of abnormal cytological findings. This rate in smokers’ group was 32.9% whereas in the second was 23.4% with p-value=0.6.Conclusions: This study data suggests that smoking increases abnormalities in papanicolaou smear and colposcopy

Using of Chroococcus SP. to Treat Polluted Water with Cadmium & Nickel

Chroococcus sp. was exposed to different concentrations 0.3, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 ppm, from cadmium and nickel. The results revealed that the ability of the alga to remove cadmium and nickel was increased with the increase of the metal concentration which the alga exposed to them and this case does not record before. This may relate to mechanisms of adsorption and removal which not understood perfectly till now according to many researches that concerned with this field of studies. It was noticed that the removal percentage of cadmium reaches to 77.66 & 76% in the two higher concentrations 6 & 7 ppm, which exposed to the alga till the last day (twelve days) from the experiment, but same percentage (77.66 & 76%) was recorded on the eighth day of the experiment to remove nickel and decrease to 12.5 & 28% on the last day of the experiment for the above two concentrations