Screening ofCultivable Indigenous Fungi which Responsible for Decomposing ofRice Straw

The experiment was conducted to screen potentials indigenous fungi for rapid decomposing of rice straw. Seven isolates ofdominant fungi were isolated from the burying rice straw on the 2.5 cm soil depth after 30 days incubation on the paddy fields. Five dominant isolates were tested for their potential to decompose rice straw by assessing their value  decreasing C/N ratio and dry weight ofrice straw. Fungal inoculums treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four replications. The results showed that the dominant cultivable fungi thatisolated from decomposed rice straw were Trichoderma sp., Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Aspergillus sp., and Penicillium sp. Among the tested fungi, Trichoderma sp. had the biggest ability to decompose rice straw compared to others indigenous fungi. The C/N ratio was reduced to 39.47 from an initial value of73.33 ofcontrol treatment in 10 days ofbiodegradation process in laboratory scale, thus showing the potential of indigenous Trichoderma sp. for use in large-scale composting ofrice straw

Changes in Soil N, P, K, Rice Growth and Yield Following the Application of Azolla pinnata

Information on the effects of A. pinnata application on changes in nutrient availability and rice yield obtained from paddy fields of the South Lampung, Indonesia is still limited. A study was carried out to investigate the effects of different rates of A. pinnata (0; 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 t/ha) on changes in N, P, K concentrations in paddy soils, N uptake, rice growth and yield. The experiment was conducted on a well-irrigated paddy field that was incorporated with A. pinnata, and then rice seedlings of Ciherang variety had been grown on it from June up to December 2009. The results showed that the application of A. pinnata to the paddy rice fields affected the soil available P, plant height, tiller number, grain number per panicle, and grain yield. The addition of A. pinnata at the rate of 5.0 and 7.5 t/ha had higher rice yield compared with other treatments. The application of A. pinnata at the rate of 7.5 t/ha increased significantly soil available P, indicating that A. pinnata required a fairly high P to grow optimally. The application of A. pinnata at the rate of 7.5 t/ha gave also the highest dry grain yield, suggesting that the application of A. pinnata did not suppress the rice yield, even it might help to conserve fossil fuels and foreign exchange as well as allow more paddy fields that can be fertilized by N. Practically, the application rate of A. pinnata could range 4-8 t/ha, depending on the abundance of the material at the site. Keywords: Azolla pinnata, organic matter, rice growth and yield, soil nutrient

Response of welsh onion to various rates of compost application

This research???s objective was to study effect of various rates of compost on growth and yield\ud of welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) in Sekincau, West Lampung. An experiment was\ud conducted in dry season of 2004, started from August and harvested in November 2004. It\ud was arranged in a randomized completed block design. Treatments were no-compost, 2.5,\ud 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 t ha-1 compost. Results revealed that compost increased plant height, tiller\ud number, root length, number of dry shoot per bunch, shoot???root ratio and yield. Compost\ud rate of 10 t ha-1 gave higher yield than those of no-compost, 2.5 and 5.0 t compost ha-1

ANALISIS FINANSIAL UNIT PENANGKAPAN JARING INSANG HANYUT DI DESA SUNGAI LUMPUR KABUPATEN OKI PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN

Alat tangkap yang paling banyak digunakan selang 5 tahun terakhir di Kabupaten OKI adalah jaring insang hanyut. Jaring insang hanyut tergolong pada alat tangkap yang proses pengoperasiannya dengan cara dihanyutkan. Berdasarkan buku tahunan statistik perikanan tangkap Sumatera Selatan (2008 - 2012) tercatat rumah tangga produksi (RTP) yang melakukan penangkapan dengan alat tangkap jaring insang hanyut terus mengalami peningkatan tiap tahunnya. Selama 5 tahun terakhir RTP jaring insang hanyut di Kabupaten OKI mengalami peningkatan sebesar 4,3 % setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan kemudian menentukan kelayakan kriteria investasi dari unit penangkapan jaring insang hanyut di Desa Sungai Lumpur, Kabupaten OKI, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Analisis data meliputi analisis usaha dan analisis kriteria investasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan keuntungan rata-rata usaha unit penangkapan jaring insang hanyut di Desa Sungai Lumpur Kabupaten OKI adalah Rp.75.297.107 per tahun, R/C ratio adalah 1,42 , payback period 7 bulan, 16 hari dan ROI 158,33 %. Berdasarkan analisis kriteria investasi didapatkan NPV sebesar Rp.180.735.847, Net B/C adalah 4,8 dan IRR 160 %. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa kriteria NPV>0, Net B/C≥1 dan IRR>discount rate sehingga unit penangkapan jaring insang hanyut di Desa Sungai Lumpur, Kabupaten OKI, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan layak untuk dilanjutkan.KATA KUNCI: Analisis usaha, analisis kriteria investasi, Desa Sungai Lumpur, jaring insang hanyut, Kabupaten OKI

Respon tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap sistem tanam dan jumlah bibit

Sistem tanam (ST) yang sering digunakan petani yaitu ST tegel. Sampai sekarang masih banyak petani yang menggunakan bibit lebih dari tujuh batang per lubang tanam (BpLT). Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mempelajari respon tanaman padi terhadap  ST dan jumlah bibit per lubang tanam (JBpLT). Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Raman Aji, Kecamatan Raman Utara, Lampung Timur pada bulan Februari sampai Mei 2016.  Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Kelompok Teracak Lengkap dengan pola split plot.  Petak utama adalah ST jarwo 2:1, ST Jarwo 4:1, dan ST tegel 25 x 25 cm. Anak petak terdiri atas JBpLT: 1 BpLT, 2 BpLT, dan 3 BpLT. Data dianalisis ragam dan dilanjutkan uji orthogonal  kontras, semua pengujian dilakukan pada taraf 5%.  Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa (1) ST jarwo 2:1 dan ST jarwo 4:1 meningkatkan pertumbuhan padi hibrida Mapan P-05 dibandingkan ST tegel 25 x 25 cm, (2) penanaman 1 BpLT meningkatkan komponen hasil padi dibandingkan penanaman 2 BpLT dan 3 BpLT, dan (3) penanaman 1 BpLT memberikan hasil GKG (6,86 t ha-1) yang lebih tinggi dari penanaman 2 BpLT (5,64 t ha-1) dan 3 BpLT (4,59 t ha-1) pada ST jarwo 2:1, ST jarwo 4:1 dan ST tegel 25 x 25 cm, secara berurutan.AbstractThe common planting system (PS) used by the farmers is Tegel system. Yet, many farmers still use more than seven seeds per planting hole (SpPH). The research objective was to study the reponse of rice plants to the planting system and the number SpPH. The research was conducted in Raman Aji Village, Raman Utara, East Lampung from February to May 2016. The treatments were arranged in a RCBD with a split plot pattern (the main plot were the PS i.e. jarwo 2: 1, jarwo 4: 1 and “Tegel” 25 x 25 cm; the subplots are the number of SpPH i.e. 1 SpPH, 2 SpPH, and 3 SpPH). The results showed that (1) the jarwo 2: 1 system increased rice growth compared to the 25 x 25 cm “Tegel”; (2) application of 1 SpPH increased the yield  component  of rice compared to planting 2 SpPH and SpPH; and (3) application of 1 SpPH (6.86 t ha-1) gave the higher weight of milled grain than using 2 SpPH (5.64 t ha-1) and 3 SpPH (4.59 t ha-1), both planted in the jarwo 2:1, jarwo 4:1 and 25 x 25 cm  “Tegel” Syste

SOIL AMMONIUM AND POTASSIUM CONTENTS AND THEIR UPTAKE AS WELL AS YIELD OF LOWLAND RICE AS AFFECTED BY TILLAGE SYSTEM AND APPLICATION OF NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZERS

Penelitian lapangan dilakukan pada musim hujan (MH) 1999/2000 yang bertujuan untuk mengukur kandungan dan serapan ammonium (N-NH) dan kalium (K) dapat dipertukarkan (K-dd) tanah serta hasil padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada tanah sawah yang diolah secara intensif (OTI) dan tanpa olah tanah (TOT) yang dipupuk N dan K. Lahan percobaan terletak di desa Kedalaman, kecamatan Talangpadang, kabuapten Tanggamus Lampung yang merupakan lokasi penelitian jangka panjang penerapan teknik pengolahan tanah sawah yang ditanami padi secara monokultur yang telah berlangsung selama 7 musim tanam dimulai MK 1996. Percobaan berpola faktorial yang disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Perlakuan yang diuji terdiri atas tiga faktor perlakuan, yaitu (1) sistem olah tanah (OTI dan TOT), (2) pemupukan K (tanpa K dan 49.8 kg ha-1 K), dan (3) pemupukan N (46, 115, 184 kg ha-1 N). Kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara ketiga faktor perlakuan berpengaruh terhadap kandungan N-NH dan serapan K. Pemupukan 184 kg ha N menghasilkan kandungan N-NH dan serapan K lebih tinggi daripada 46 kg ha-1 N pada kedua sistem olah tanah, jika pupuk 49.8 kg ha-1 K diaplikasikan. Kalium -dd dan serapan N yang dihasilkan TOT lebih tinggi 18% dan 9% daripada OTI. Pemupukan 184 kg ha-1 N menghasilkan K-dd, serapan N, dan hasil gabah lebih tinggi masing-masing 39%, 75%, dan 33% daripada 46 kg ha-1 N, secara berurutan. Pemupukan 49.8 kg ha-1 K menghasilkan K-dd lebih tinggi 12% daripada tanpa K. Disimpulkan bahwa N-NH, K-dd, serapan N dan K serta hasil gabah sangat ditentukan oleh pemupukan N daripada perlakuan pengolahan tanah dan pemupukan K

KANDUNGAN AMONIUM DAN KALIUM TANAH DAN SERAPANNYA SERTA HASIL PADI AKIBAT PERBEDAAN PENGOLAHAN TANAH YANG DIPUPUK NITROGEN DAN KALIUM PADA TANAH SAWAH

Tillage system can influence organic matter, nitrogen (N), and potassium (K) in the soil solution. Ammonium (N-NH +) buffer capacity is influenced by K+ in the soil solution. The objective of this study was to determine the content of N-NH + and K exchangeable (K-ex.) and its uptake as well as yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the lowland rice fields under intensive/conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) with application of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilizers. The experiment was conducted during rainy season 1999/2000 (8th growth season) in Kedaloman village, Talangpadang, Tanggamus, Lampung Province. The study was part of long-term research established since dry season 1996. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized block design with three replications. There were three treatments allocated in a factorial arrangement, i.e. (1) tillage system (CT and NT); (2) K fertilizer (without K and 49.8 kg ha-1 K); and (3) N fertilizer (46, 115, and 184 kg ha-1 N). Results of the study showed that N-NH + content and K uptake was affected by the interaction of tillage system, N and K fertilizers. When 49.8 kg ha-1 K was supplied, application of 184 kg ha-1 N produced higher N-NH + content and K uptake than 46 kg ha-1 N on both CT and NT. K-ex. and N uptakes on NT was 18% and 9% higher than those on CT, respectively. Application of nitrogen at 184 kg ha-1 N had the highest effect on K-ex., N uptake, and yield of rice. Application of 49.8 kg K ha-1 produced K-ex.12% higher than without K. In conclusion the N-NH +, K-ex., N and K uptake, and yield of rice were strongly determined by N fertilizer rather than the tillage system or K application

Kandungan Fosfor dan pH Tanah Akibat Pemupukan Nitrogen dan Fosfor pada Ultisols dan Inseptisols

Content of Soil Phosphorus and pH Caused by Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizations on Ultisols and InceptisolsABSTRACT. The objective of this research were to study the effect on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization on pH, content of soil P and dry weight of sunflowers (Heliantus annuus L.) on Ultisols and Inceptisols. The design of experiment used was a randomized completely block design arranged in factorial pattern with two factors. The first factor was N fertilizer (without N and 100 kg ha-1 N) and the second factor was P fertilizer (without P, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1 P). The result showed that the application P fertilizer several dosage was increasing soil pH, total soil P, and dry weight of sunflowers on Inceptisols and Ultisols. Available P was more strongly influenced by soil of order (Inceptisols was better than Ultisols) due to application of P fertilizer several dosage on 100 kg ha-1 N