DETERMINATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND LIFE TABLE PARAMETERS OF RHYZOBIUS LOPHANTHAE BLAISDELL (COLEOPTERA COCCINELLIDAE) ON THREE ARMORED SCALE INSECTS (HEMIPTERA DIASPIDIDAE)

Scale insects are the most damaging pests of citrus production in Turkey. Rhyzobius lophanthae Blaisdell (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a polyphagous coccinellid, is one of the most important predators of these pests. In this study, the life tables of R. lophanthae on three different armored scale insects, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), Aspidiotus nerii Bouché, Chrysomphalus dictiyospermi (Morgan) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), were produced. The study was conducted in a climate chamber under constant conditions of 26°C, 60% relative humidity and 16-hour photoperiod.The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and mean generation time (T0) were 36.027, 12.520 and 6.600 females/female/generation, 0.120, 0.061 and 0.041 females/female/day, and 30.005, 41.151, 45.826 days, respectively, when R. lophanthae was reared on A. nerii, C. dictiyospermi and A. aurantii, respectively. The doubling time (DT) and finite rates of increase (λ) were 5.803, 11.286 and 16.832 days, 1.127, 1.063 and 1.042 individuals/female/day, respectively, when R. lophanthae was reared on A. nerii, C. dictiyospermi and A. aurantii, respectively

Kurak Koşullarda Farklı Azot ve Fosfor Dozlarının Aspirde (Carthamus tinctorious L.) Verim ve Verim Öğelerine Etkisi

Araştırma, farklı azot ve fosfor dozlarının aspirde verim ve verim öğelerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Kırşehir ekolojik koşullarında 2016 yılında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede ana parsellere azot (0, 4, 8, 12 kg N/da) dozları, alt parsellere fosfor (0, 4, 8, 12 kg P2O5/da) dozları uygulanmış ve tesadüf blokları bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonucuna göre azot ve fosfor dozlarındaki değişimin rozette kalma süresine, çiçeklenme süresine, olgunlaşma gün sayısına, bitki boyuna, yan dal sayısına, tabla sayısına, bin dane ağırlığına ve tohum verimine olumlu etki yaptığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda azot ve fosfor dozlarına göre bitki boyunun 48,5 -54,5 cm, yan dal sayısının 2,6-3,6 adet/bitki, tabla sayısının 3,6-4,7 adet/bitki, tabla çapının 19,73-22,28 mm, 1000 tane ağırlığının 34,79-37,43 g, iç-kabuk oranının %57,06-59,37 oranında, tohum veriminin 82,17-182,23 kg/da, ham protein oranı %17,27-19,06 arasında, yağ oranlarının %35,35-38,59 ve yağ veriminin 38,04-60,33 kg/da arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. En yüksek verim 12 kg N/da+12 kg P2O5/da gübre dozundan 182,23 kg/da olarak elde edilmiştir

Miyokart infarktüsü sonrası erken dönemde gelişen akut ciddi mitral yetersizliğinin perkütan tedavisi ve kısa literatür özeti

Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair treatment is mainly used for patients with chronic heart failure concomitant severe mitral regurgitation. However, utilization of this system in the acute seting of myocardial infarction is still limited. In this case report authors aimed to show the effectiveness of the percutaneous treatment for severe acute mitral regurgitation early after myocardial infarction.Transkateter uç uca onarım temel olarak ciddi mitral yetersizliğinin eşlik ettiği kronik kalp yeter- sizliği hastalarında kullanılmaktadır. Ancak bu sistemin miyokart infarktüsünün akut fazında kullanımı henüz sınırlıdır. Yazarlar bu olgu sunumunda miyokart infarktüsü sonrası erken dönemde gelişen akut ciddi mitral yetersizliğinde perkütan tedavinin etkinliğini göstermeyi amaçlamışlardır

ELEKTRONİK TİCARETTE META SEZGİSEL YÖNTEMLERİN KULLANIMI

Sağladığı zaman tasarrufu ve maliyet avantajı nedeni ile hem kullanıcılar hem de hizmet sunucuları tarafından sıklıkla kullanılır hale gelen internetin, önümüzdeki yıllarda daha farklı açılımlara sahne olacağı aşikârdır. İnternetin kullanım alanındaki hızlı artışı, beraberinde çeşitli problemleri ortaya çıkarmış ve bunlara yönelik çözüm önerileri sunmayı zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, internet kullanıcılarının istedikleri bilgiye zaman kaybetmeden ulaşmalarını sağlamak için, çeşitli analizler yapılmıştır. Bugüne kadar meta sezgisel yöntemler, farklı konulardaki bu tip problemlerin çözümünde sıklıkla kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmada, elektronik ticaret uygulamaları kısaca izah edilmiş ve son yıllarda elektronik ortamlarda yaşanan problemlere çözüm bulunması konusunda, meta sezgisel yöntemlerin kullanımı ile ilgili literatür de yapılan çalışmalar araştırılarak kısaca izah edilmiştir

Evaluation of corrosion resistance of Co-Cr alloys fabricated with different metal laser sintering systems

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the specimens produced by five different commercial metal laser sintering (MLS) systems with their recommended Co-Cr alloy powders. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The MLS machines and the alloy powders used were, ProX 100-ST2724G (St-Pro), Mysint 100-EOS SP2 (SP2-Mys), EOSINT 270-EOS SP2 (SP2-EOS), SLM 100-Starbond CoS (SB-SLM), and MLab Cusing-Remanium® Star (RS-MLab), respectively. Eight specimens from each group were prepared. Open circuit potential (Eocp) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements of polished surfaces of the specimens were conducted in a three-electrode cell using a potentiostat-galvanostat in Fusayama-Meyer artificial saliva (AS). Specimens from each group were immersed in AS and de-ionized water for seven days. Eocp, charge transfer resistance (Rct) values, and released ions (?g/cm2 x 7d) in different solutions were determined. The specimen surfaces were observed with SEM/EDS. Results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS. Eocp values have shifted to potentials that are more positive over time. Steady-state Eocp values were from high to low as follows, SB-SLM, SP2-Mys, SP2-EOS, RS-MLab, and ST-Pro, respectively. After 60 mins, RS-MLab specimens had the highest Rct value, followed by SP2-Mys, SB-SLM, SP2-EOS, and ST-Pro. In all groups, ion release was higher in AS than that in de-ionized water. CONCLUSION. There were small differences among the corrosion resistances of the Co-Cr alloy specimens produced with MLS systems; meanwhile, the corrosion resistances were quite high for all specimens. © 2020 The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics

The impact of concurrent HPV infections on the presentation of high grade cervical intraepithelial lesions

Objectives: We investigate how concurrent high-risk (hr) HPV (human papillomavirus) genotypes affect CIN2-3 risk and evaluate the relationship of different genotype combinations with cervical epithelial lesions. Material and methods: This study included HPV positive patients between the ages of 30 and 60 who underwent liquid-based cervical smears and HPV screening through community-based, cervical cancer screening programs between June 2015 and June 2017. The impact of the increase in hrHPV types was calculated by estimating how it changed the odds ratio of CIN2-3 risk. Results: The rate of multiple concurrent HPV infections was 48.7% in the CIN2-3 group and 58.4% in the CIN1 group. Among patients in the CIN2-3 and CIN1 groups, the most common HPV coinfection was respectively HPV 16+31 and HPV 16+51. The HPV 51 ratio in CIN1 patients was 28.9% and the HPV 51 ratio in the CIN2-3 patient was 6.6%. With every increase in the number of hrHPV infection types, the frequency of CIN2-3 decreased [OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.54-0.95]. For all hrHPV combinations, the addition of HPV 16 was associated with a higher risk of CIN2-3. Conclusions: An increase in number of hrHPV types is associated with lower CIN2-3 risk. Further cohort studies with larger samples are needed to clarify this relationship. The available evidence suggests that HPV 16 genotype plays an important role in patients with high-grade cervical lesions and has a negative impact on the cervix in concurrent multiple HPV infections

Effects of Thiamethoxam on Vespula Germanica (F.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

Damage of pesticides used in agriculture on non-target organisms (except honey bees) is not sufficiently considered and neglected. Studies showed that wild bees, like honey bees, were also affected by pesticides. Wild bee species should also be protected because of their importance in pollination and biological control and also in order to protect biodiversity. Effects of pesticides on wild bees should be investigated without delay and precautions should be taken to protect the generations of wildlife. In addition, while increasing the agricultural areas, habitat for wild pollinators should be established.In this study, effect of Thiamethoxam, an agriculturally active agent in the neonicotinoid group, commonly used in agriculture fields, on the European wasp (Vespula germanica) was investigated. For this purpose, 2 molar carnation-flavored syrup in a petri dish was placed in a field where wild bees are frequent, and wild bees had got accustomed there. Trial doses were prepared with thiamethoxam dose commonly used in agricultural areas (15 ml/100 L water) and 50% dilutions of this dose (15.00, 7.50, 3.75, 1.87, 0.93, 0.46, 0.23, 0.12, 0.06 ml/100 L water) and fed in 2 molar syrup. Those who returned to the carnation petri dish after feeding were recorded at the 1st, 4th and 24th hours.At the end of the study, bees fed with 15.00, 7.50, and 3.75 ml / 100 L doses of the pesticide all died. One hour after pesticide ingestion, 84.73% of the control group and 13.33% of the bees fed with 1.87 ml / 100L dose, were alive and returned to the syrup petri dish

Detection of seasonal asymptomatic dermatophytes in Van cats

AbstractThe Van cat is a domestic landrace found in the Van province of eastern Turkey. In this study, we aimed to determine the seasonal carriage of dermatophytes in Van cats without clinical lesions. A total of 264 hair specimens were collected from clinically healthy cats in and around the Van Province. Of these samples, 30.3% were obtained in spring, 30.6% in summer, 16.6% in autumn, and 22.3% in winter; 45.1% of samples were from male cats and the rest from female ones. Of the studied cats, 118 were younger than 1 year, 78 were 1–3 years old, and 68 were older than 3 years. The specimens were subjected to direct microscopic examination with 15% potassium hydroxide and cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar and dermatophyte test medium supplemented with cycloheximide and chloramphenicol. Dermatophyte identification was carried out based on macroscopic and microscopic colony morphology, urease activities, in vitro hair perforation test, growth at 37°C, and pigmentation on corn meal agar. Dermatophytes were isolated from 19 (7.1%) of the 264 specimens examined. The most frequently isolated fungi were Trichophyton terrestre (4.1%), followed by Microsporum gypseum (1.1%), M. nanum (1.1%), and T. mentagrophytes (0.7%), and these fungi may represent a health risk for humans in contact with clinically healthy Van cats. M. canis was not isolated from any of the specimens. Our results show no significant (p>0.05) association between carriage of dermatophytes and the gender of cats. The carriage rate of dermatophytes was high in spring and winter, and the only possible risk factor for infection was age of the animal

Quercetin protects the retina by reducing apoptosis due to ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat model

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin on apoptotic cell death induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the rat retina. Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into four equal groups: control, ischemic, solvent, and quercetin. I/R injury was achieved by elevating the intraocular pressure above the perfusion pressure. Intraperitoneal injections of 20 mg/kg of quercetin and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were performed in the quercetin and solvent groups, respectively, immediately prior to I/R injury, and the researchers allowed for the retinas to be reperfused. Forty-eight hours after injury, the thicknesses of the retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL), inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) were measured in all groups. Moreover, the numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end-labeled [TUNEL (+)] cells and caspase-3 (+) cells in both INL and ONL were evaluated in all groups. Results: The administration of quercetin was found to reduce the thinning of all retinal layers. The mean thickness of INL in the quercetin and ischemic groups was 21 ± 5.6 µm and 16 ± 6.4 µm, respectively (P<0.05). Similarly, the mean thickness of ONL in the quercetin and ischemic groups was 50 ± 12.8 µm and 40 ± 8.7 µm, respectively (P<0.05). The antiapoptotic effect of quercetin in terms of reducing the numbers of both TUNEL (+) cells and caspase-3 (+) cells was significant in INL. The mean number of TUNEL (+) cells in INL in the ischemic and quercetin groups was 476.8 ± 45.6/mm2 and 238.72 ± 251/mm2, respectively (P<0.005). The mean number of caspase-3 (+) cells in INL of ischemic and quercetin groups was 633.6 ± 38.7/mm2 and 342.4 ± 36.1/mm2, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion: The use of quercetin may be beneficial in the treatment of retinal I/R injury because of its antiapoptotic effect on the retinal layers, particularly in INL

Protective Effect of Hesperetin and Naringenin against Apoptosis in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Retinal Injury in Rats

Purpose. Hesperetin and naringenin are naturally common flavonoids reported to have antioxidative effects. This study was performed to investigate whether either hesperetin or naringenin has a protective effect against apoptosis on retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods. Retinal I/R was induced by increasing the intraocular pressure to 150 mmHg for 60 minutes. Thirty-three male Wistar albino rats were randomised into 5 groups named control, I/R + sham, I/R + solvent (DMSO), I/R + hesperetin, and I/R + naringenin. Animals were given either hesperetin, naringenin, or the solvent intraperitoneally immediately following reperfusion. Thickness of retinal layers and retinal cell apoptosis were detected by histological analysis, tunel assay, and immunohistochemistry assay. Results. Hesperetin and naringenin attenuated the I/R-induced apoptosis of retinal cells in the inner and outer nuclear cells of the rat retina. Retinal layer thickness of the naringenin treatment group was significantly thicker than that of the hesperetin, sham, and solvent groups (P<0.05). Conclusions. Hesperetin and naringenin can prevent harmful effects induced by I/R injury in the rat retina by inhibiting apoptosis of retinal cells, which suggests that those flavanones have a therapeutic potential for the protection of ocular ischemic diseases