Luján (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina): imagen y destino turístico. Contribución al análisis de una perspectiva el patrimonio territorial

XII Coloquio de Geografía del Turismo, Ocio y Recreación de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles. Colmenarejo (Madrid), del 17 al 19 de junio de 2010

Significado do turismo de peregrinación para o desenvolvemento local. Caso das peregrinacións á Basílica Nacional da Nosa Señora da Pura e Limpa Concepción do Río Luján, provincia de Bos Aires, Arxentina

[Resumen] Entre las características culturales que contribuyeron a forjar el valor turístico de la actual ciudad de Luján de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, descuella, en particular, la religiosa, factor que constituye un elemento clave de la concepción de cualquier estrategia de desarrollo local que se asuma. El significado de la virgen de Luján, Nuestra Señora de la Pura y Limpia Concepción del río Luján, su historia, prácticamente, hilvana el relato científicamente edificado acerca del asentamiento y de la sociedad, lujanenses, en una amalgama permanentemente renovada por el fenómeno singular, por la diversidad de sus expresiones, de las peregrinaciones a Virgen y a la Basílica Nacional Nuestra Señora de Luján.[Resumo] Entre as características culturais que contribuíron a forzar o valor turístico da actual cidade de Luján da provincia de Bos Aires, Arxentina, sobresae, en particular, a relixiosa, factor que constitúe un elemento clave da concepción de calquera estratexia de desenvolvemento local que se asuma. O significado da virxe de Luján, A Nosa Señora da Pura e Limpa concepción do río Luján, a súa historia, practicamente ganduxa o relato cientificamente edificado acerca do asentamento e da sociedade lujanenses, nunha amálgama permanentemente renovada polo fenómeno singular, pola diversidade das súas expresións, das peregrinacións á Virxe e á Basílica Nacional da Nosa Señora de Luján.[Abstract] This includes an analysis of the promotion of the Camino de Santiago over the last few decades, the context in which this was carried out, the parties involved in the process, the promotional strategies to attract tourists and travel agencies, sponsorship, and collaboration with the private sector, with the political institutions, with the media and with civil society. It also examines the communication activities carried out, the materials used with their identifying symbols (mascot, logotype, credentials), the changes of image under the Xacobeo brand, and the link between the communication carried out (image projected), the confirmed initial image and the a posteriori image perceived by visitors

Turismo & Universidad. Cultura, economía y sociedad. Graciela Güidi, Alicia Iglesias

Fil: Iglesias, Alicia N. Universidad Nacional de Avellaneda. Departamento de Ambiente y TurismoFil: Iglesias, Alicia N. CONICETFil: Iglesias, Alicia N. Universidad Nacional de Lujá

Geographical premises for the developmental and environmental arrangement

El significado contingente de un orden territorial ambientalmente sustentable es analizado desde la particular mirada de la geografía. La ordenación del territorio alude a la representación del resultado de las interacciones hombre-medio geográfico que implica, históricamente, diferentes configuraciones espaciales, de manera tal que cada cultura crea su ambiente. Distintas estrategias de desarrollo socioeconómico conducen a modelos diferentes de organización del espacio en el territorio; en similar sentido, toda estructura territorial dada impone condicionantes a las relaciones económicas y sociales que sobre ella puedan establecerse, según procesos de distinto orden: ecológicos, productivos y culturales. De allí la dificultad de la ordenación planificada del territorio, por parte de la gestión pública, que justifica la exploración geográfica de su significado. Se analizan para el caso de Argentina los "condicionantes" ambientales, desde el eje jurídico-normativo, vinculados al desarrollo territorial y uso del suelo.The contingent significance of an environmentally sustainable territorial arrangement is analyzed from the particular point of view of Geography. Territorial arrangement means the representation of the results of man-geographic environmental interactions throughout history, implying different spatial configurations that create its own environment. Different socioeconomic development strategies lead to different models of territorial space arrangement; in a similar manner, any given territorial structure imposes conditions to the economic and social relations according to different processes: ecologic, productive and cultural. From this arises the difficulty for a territorial planned arrangement by public administration that justifies from the geographic exploration its significance. For Argentina, the environmental "constraints" related to territorial development, and the use of soil are analyzed from a legal point of view.Departamento de Geografí

Uso de Internet por los farmacéuticos comunitarios de Pontevedra y percepción de su utilidad en la relación con los pacientes

OBJETIVO Conocer el impacto de la utilización de Internet en la práctica profesional de los farmacéuticos comunitarios (FC) de Pontevedra, grado de utilización, finalidad del acceso a la información, barreras encontradas y la percepción que tienen de cómo influye en su relación con los pacientes.MÉTODO Estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal, en el que se administró un cuestionario ad hoc a los a FC de Pontevedra, basado en los encontrados en la literatura y adaptado a las características específicas de nuestra profesión y entorno por un grupo de expertos formado por cinco farmacéuticos comunitarios.RESULTADOS Se recogieron 159 cuestionarios (15,7% de los FC de la provincia). Uso profesional: 119 (74,8%) a diario. La información obtenida de Internet es considerada totalmente muy fiable por el 68,6%. Dificultades percibidas: la implantación de la receta electrónica ha restringido la entrada a algunas webs profesionales (71,1%), falta de tiempo en horario de trabajo (66,0%). Utilización de Internet en la relación con los pacientes: la mayoría de los farmacéuticos encuestados (55,3%) dice recibir 1 o 2 veces al mes consultas de pacientes sobre informaciones relacionadas con la salud obtenidas de Internet. El 18,8% de farmacéuticos creen interesante recibir a diario consultas de pacientes por correo electrónico, el 23,3% 1 o 2 veces a la semana, el 17,0% 1 o 2 veces al mes y el 40,9% no desean recibirlas nunca.CONCLUSIÓN Los farmacéuticos comunitarios de Pontevedra reconocen las posibilidades, pero todavía no perciben la utilidad de la e-interactividad con los pacientes y otros profesionales sanitarios

Bosques monotípicos de Gonopterodendron sarmientoi: ambiente, genética y morfología de los palosantales

Gonopterodendron sarmientoi —Palo Santo— es una especie forestal típica chaqueña, presente en bosques mixtos o formando densos bosques monotípicos (palosantales). Por pérdida de hábitat y alta explotación, G. sarmientoi se encuentra amenazada, lo que genera la necesidad de información orientada a futuros programas de manejo y conservación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar, en toda el área de distribución de la especie, los palosantales (n=10) respecto a los bosques mixtos (n=14) en cuanto a composición de especies vegetales, atributos del sitio (tipo de suelo e índice verde de vegetación), diversidad genética derivada de marcadores neutrales y rasgos morfológicos de la hoja y el árbol. Los palosantales tuvieron menor cantidad de especies vegetales acompañantes (media 8; min. 1; máx. 14), en comparación con los bosques mixtos (media 10; min. 8; máx. 13); mayormente, las acompañantes fueron arbustivas. Los suelos en los palosantales presentaron alto contenido de arcilla, bajo carbono orgánico y bajo contenido de arena. Los sitios con menor disponibilidad de nutrientes se reportaron en los palosantales del centro-oeste de la distribución, en la triple frontera Argentina-Bolivia-Paraguay y en los palosantales sobre paleocauces del río Bermejo (Argentina). El índice verde confirmó la baja productividad de los palosantales (NDVI palosantales 0.38; NDVI bosques mixtos 0.51). Los palosantales no fueron genéticamente diferentes de los bosques mixtos (diversidad nucleotídica 0.00103 vs. 0.00120; índice de Shannon 0.89 vs. 1.02, respectivamente). Morfológicamente, los árboles de G. sarmientoi presentes en los palosantales fueron más pequeños y achaparrados que los presentes en los bosques mixtos. Los bosques de G. sarmientoi requieren líneas de investigación futuras que contemplen las singularidades de cada tipo de bosque que conforma la especie para la conservación de los recursos y servicios ecosistémicos que brindan.Gonopterodendron sarmientoi is a native tree species from Chaco region forest that grows in mixed forest or in pure dense forests (palosantales). Due to habitat destruction and high exploitation, G. sarmientoi is threatened; hence, baseline information about the forests where the species grows is needed to guide future management and conservation programs. The objective of this article is to characterize the environment, genetic diversity and morphology of G. sarmientoi’s palosantales (n=10), in relation to the species’ mixed forests (n=14). For that, along the whole range of the species distribution, we compared the palosantales and mixed forests regarding their composition of plant species and site attributes (soil type and vegetation index), genetic diversity obtained with neutral markers, and leaf and tree morphological traits. The palosantales were characterized by having fewer companion species forests (mean 8; min. 1; max. 14), predominantly with shrub species, in relation to mixed forests (mean 10; min. 8; max. 13). The soils of the palosantales showed high content of clay and low levels of organic carbon and sand. The lowest nutrients sampled sites were palosantales located in the center-west of the species range, in the triple border Argentina-Bolivia-Paraguay, and in the palosantales on Bermejo river paleochannels (Argentina). The vegetation index confirmed the low productivity of palosantales forests (NDVI palosantales 0.38; NDVI mixed forests 0.51). The palosantales were similar in genetic diversity with respect to mixed forest (nucleotide diversity 0.00103 vs 0.00120; Shannon index 0.89 vs 1.02, respectively). Morphologically, G. sarmientoi trees in the palosantales were shorter and shrubbier than the mixed forest trees. The forests of G. sarmientoi require focused research that considers the singularities of each type of forest, allowing conservation of the species and the derived ecosystem services.Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos VegetalesFil: Camps, Gonzalo A. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales; ArgentinaFil: Camps, Gonzalo A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva - Biología Floral; Argentina.Fil: Sérsic, Alicia N. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva - Biología Floral; Argentina.Fil: Iglesias, M. del Rosario. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore; ArgentinaFil: Verga, Anibal. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Rioja. Agencia De Extensión Rural La Rioja; ArgentinaFil: Cosacov, Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva - Biología Floral; Argentina

Paclitaxel Plus Cetuximab as Induction Chemotherapy for Patients With Locoregionally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Unfit for Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy

ObjectivesInduction chemotherapy (ICT) followed by definitive treatment is an accepted non-surgical approach for locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC). However, ICT remains a challenge for cisplatin-unfit patients. We evaluated paclitaxel and cetuximab (P-C) as ICT in a cohort of LA-HNSCC patients unfit for cisplatin. Materials and MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of patients with newly diagnosed LA-HNSCC considered unfit for cisplatin-based chemotherapy (age >70 and/or ECOG >= 2 and/or comorbidities) treated with weekly P-C followed by definitive radiotherapy and cetuximab (RT-C) between 2010 and 2017. Toxicity and objective response rate (ORR) to ICT and RT-C were collected. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine baseline predictors of OS and PFS. ResultsA total of 57 patients were included. Grade 3-4 toxicity rate to ICT was 54.4%, and there was a death deemed treatment-related (G5). P-C achieved an ORR of 66.7%, including 12.3% of complete responses (CR). After P-C, 45 patients (78.9%) continued with concomitant RT-C. Twenty-six patients (45.6%) achieved a CR after definitive treatment. With a median follow-up of 21.7 months (range 1.2-94.6), median OS and PFS were 22.9 months and 10.7 months, respectively. The estimated 2-year OS and PFS rates were 48.9% and 33.7%, respectively. Disease stage had a negative impact on OS (stage IVb vs. III-IVa: HR = 2.55 [1.08-6.04], p = 0.03), with a trend towards worse PFS (HR = 1.92 [0.91-4.05], p = 0.09). Primary tumor in the larynx was associated with improved PFS but not OS (HR = 0.45 [0.22-0.92], p = 0.03, and HR = 0.69 [0.32-1.54], p = 0.37, respectively). ConclusionP-C was a well-tolerated and active ICT regimen in this cohort of LA-HNSCC patients unfit for cisplatin-based chemotherapy. P-C might represent a valid ICT option for unfit patients and may aid patient selection for definitive treatment

LipoDDx: a mobile application for identification of rare lipodystrophy syndromes

BACKGROUND: Lipodystrophy syndromes are a group of disorders characterized by a loss of adipose tissue once other situations of nutritional deprivation or exacerbated catabolism have been ruled out. With the exception of the HIV-associated lipodystrophy, they have a very low prevalence, which together with their large phenotypic heterogeneity makes their identification difficult, even for endocrinologists and pediatricians. This leads to significant delays in diagnosis or even to misdiagnosis. Our group has developed an algorithm that identifies the more than 40 rare lipodystrophy subtypes described to date. This algorithm has been implemented in a free mobile application, LipoDDx(R). Our aim was to establish the effectiveness of LipoDDx(R). Forty clinical records of patients with a diagnosis of certainty of most lipodystrophy subtypes were analyzed, including subjects without lipodystrophy. The medical records, blinded for diagnosis, were evaluated by 13 physicians, 1 biochemist and 1 dentist. Each evaluator first gave his/her results based on his/her own criteria. Then, a second diagnosis was given using LipoDDx(R). The results were analysed based on a score table according to the complexity of each case and the prevalence of the disease. RESULTS: LipoDDx(R) provides a user-friendly environment, based on usually dichotomous questions or choice of clinical signs from drop-down menus. The final result provided by this app for a particular case can be a low/high probability of suffering a particular lipodystrophy subtype. Without using LipoDDx(R) the success rate was 17 +/- 20%, while with LipoDDx(R) the success rate was 79 +/- 20% (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: LipoDDx(R) is a free app that enables the identification of subtypes of rare lipodystrophies, which in this small cohort has around 80% effectiveness, which will be of help to doctors who are not experts in this field. However, it will be necessary to analyze more cases in order to obtain a more accurate efficiency value

Augmented serum level of major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) protein and reduced NKG2D expression on NK and T cells in patients with cervical cancer and precursor lesions

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. NK and cytotoxic T cells play an important role in the elimination of virus-infected and tumor cells through NKG2D activating receptors, which can promote the lysis of target cells by binding to the major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) proteins. Increased serum levels of MICA have been found in patients with epithelial tumors. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of soluble MICA (sMICA) and NKG2D-expressing NK and T cells in blood samples from patients with cervical cancer or precursor lesions with those from healthy donors.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Peripheral blood with or without heparin was collected to obtain mononuclear cells or sera, respectively. Serum sMICA levels were measured by ELISA and NKG2D-expressing immune cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Also, a correlation analysis was performed to associate sMICA levels with either NKG2D expression or with the stage of the lesion.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Significant amounts of sMICA were detected in sera from nearly all patients. We found a decrease in the number of NKG2D-expressing NK and T cells in both cervical cancer and lesion groups when compared to healthy donors. Pearson analysis showed a negative correlation between sMICA and NKG2D-expressing T cells; however, we did not find a significant correlation when the analysis was applied to sMICA and NKG2D expression on NK cells.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results show for the first time that high sMICA levels are found in sera from patients with both cervical cancer and precursor lesions when compared with healthy donors. We also observed a diminution in the number of NKG2D-expressing NK and T cells in the patient samples; however, a significant negative correlation between sMICA and NKG2D expression was only seen in T cells.</p

Particulate matter exposure during pregnancy is associated with birth weight, but not gestational age, 1962-1992: a cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Exposure to air pollutants is suggested to adversely affect fetal growth, but the evidence remains inconsistent in relation to specific outcomes and exposure windows.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Using birth records from the two major maternity hospitals in Newcastle upon Tyne in northern England between 1961 and 1992, we constructed a database of all births to mothers resident within the city. Weekly black smoke exposure levels from routine data recorded at 20 air pollution monitoring stations were obtained and individual exposures were estimated via a two-stage modeling strategy, incorporating temporally and spatially varying covariates. Regression analyses, including 88,679 births, assessed potential associations between exposure to black smoke and birth weight, gestational age and birth weight standardized for gestational age and sex.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Significant associations were seen between black smoke and both standardized and unstandardized birth weight, but not for gestational age when adjusted for potential confounders. Not all associations were linear. For an increase in whole pregnancy black smoke exposure, from the 1^st(7.4 μg/m³) to the 25^th(17.2 μg/m³), 50^th(33.8 μg/m³), 75^th(108.3 μg/m³), and 90^th(180.8 μg/m³) percentiles, the adjusted estimated decreases in birth weight were 33 g (SE 1.05), 62 g (1.63), 98 g (2.26) and 109 g (2.44) respectively. A significant interaction was observed between socio-economic deprivation and black smoke on both standardized and unstandardized birth weight with increasing effects of black smoke in reducing birth weight seen with increasing socio-economic disadvantage.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The findings of this study progress the hypothesis that the association between black smoke and birth weight may be mediated through intrauterine growth restriction. The associations between black smoke and birth weight were of the same order of magnitude as those reported for passive smoking. These findings add to the growing evidence of the harmful effects of air pollution on birth outcomes.</p