The Stanley Kubrick Archive: A Dossier of New Research

An introduction to a co-edited Dossier of new research from The Stanley Kubrick Archive at University of Arts, Londo

Neurophysiological Correlates of Aggression Related Biased Cognitive Processing in Healthy Adults

The current dissertation efforts were made to replicate previous studies and to test the associations between hostile attributional bias (HAB) and aggression. Although it is well established that aggressive individuals show HAB, relatively little is known about neural processes associated with this bias. Therefore, functional neuroimaging methods such as electroencephalogram (EEG) may be useful in determining the underlying neural processes associated with HAB. The major aim of this dissertation was to use brain activity Event-Related Potentials (ERP's) to shed light on the early stages of information processing to examine what are the factors (i, e. feedback) that mediate changes in information processing among healthy male adults

Stemming rural-urban migration through agricultural development: Can Nigeria apply the lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic?

Nigeria has one of the highest population growth rates in the world resulting to rapid urbanization and an enormous increase in the population leaving rural areas and now living in urban centres. In spite of the increased emphasis on rural development, rural-urban migration has persisted mainly due to the farmerherder conflict situation, poverty, lack of job opportunities, insecurity and gross inadequacy of social infrastructures in the rural areas. This mass migration and other factors have put Nigeria in an emergency food and nutrition insecure situation. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, there was already an existing gap in the Nigerian food system, which led to the importation of food items to augment local production in order to meet local demand. However, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic undermined efforts to achieve SDG 2 as the country witnessed not only a major disruption to food supply chains in the wake of lockdowns and movement restrictions triggered by the global health crisis, but also a major economic slowdown. The commerce, service, and agricultural sectors were the hardest hit by the spread of the virus and the effects are different along the rural-urban continuum. The vacuum created by the migration of people from the rural to urban areas led to reduction of farm yields, while the urban areas were particularly affected in terms of food supply from rural areas as a result of movement restrictions made during the height of the pandemic. More urbanised areas may be harder hit than remote rural areas if connectivity remains broken down, as most food crops are produced in the rural and semi-rural areas. This paper recommends strategies and policies aimed at reducing poverty, food insecurity and inequality across the urban-rural continuum through agricultural development. This will assist in addressing the adverse drivers of migration with particular focus on improving the social and economic conditions of rural areas. Key words: agricultural development, COVID-19, food security, rural-urban migratio

Lingual Frenulum: Changes After Frenectomy

Purpose: To describe the changes after frenectomy concerning mobility and functions of the tongue. Methods: Participants were 53 subjects who had never undergone speech therapy or lingual frenulum surgery. A specific lingual frenulum protocol with scores was used by speech-language pathologists when there was evidence of frenulum alteration. Ten subjects had abnormal frenulum and were referred to an otolaryngologist for frenectomy. After surgery, the subjects were re-evaluated using the same protocol. Photos and videos were taken for comparison. Results: Thirty days after surgery, the subjects had the shape of the tip of the tongue and its movements improved. Lip closure and speech were also improved. Conclusion: Frenectomy is efficient to improve tongue posture, tongue mobility, oral functions, and oral communication.244409412Suter, V.G.A., Ankyloglossia: facts and myths in diagnosis and treatment (2009) J Periodontol, 80 (8), pp. 1204-1219Hooda, A., Rathee, M., Yaday, S., Gulia, J., Ankyloglossia: a review of current status (2010) The Internet Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 12 (2)Johnson, P.R.V., Tongue-tie - exploding the myths (2006) Infant, 2 (3), pp. 96-99Lee, H.J., Park, H.S., Park, B.S., Choi, J.W., Koo, S.K., The Improvement of tongue mobility and articulation after frenotomy in patient with ankyloglossia (2010) J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 53, pp. 491-496Hong, P., (2012) Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie), , Published ahead of print October 15. DOI:10.1503/cmaj.120785Marchesan, I.Q., Protocolo de avaliação do frênulo da lingual (2010) Rev CEFAC, 12 (6), pp. 977-989Darshan, H.E., Pavithra, P.M., Tongue tie: from confusion to clarity - a review (2011) Int J Den Clin, 3 (1), pp. 48-51Braga, L.A.S., Silva, J., Pantuzzo, C.L., Motta, A.R., Prevalência de alteração no frênulo lingual e suas implicações na fala de escolares (2009) Rev CEFAC, 11 (3), pp. 378-390Oredsson, J., Törngren, A., Frenotomy in children with ankyloglossia and breast-feeding problems A simple method seems to render good results (2010) Lakartidningen, 107 (10), pp. 676-678Knox, I., Tongue tie and frenotomy in the breastfeeding newborn (2010) Neoreviews, 11, pp. 513-519Ostapiuk, B., Tongue mobility in ankyloglossia with regard to articulation (2006) Ann Acad Med Stetin, 52 (3), pp. 37-47Marchesan, I.Q., Lingual frenulum: classification and speech interference (2004) Int J Orofacial Myology, 30, pp. 31-38Chaubal, T.V., Dixit, M.B., Ankyloglossia and its management (2011) J Indian Soc Periodontol, 15 (3), pp. 270-27

Adaptação das versões completa e breve da Escala de Relação Coparental (ERC) 1 em uma amostra comunitária de pais e mães Portugueses (Adaptation of the complete and brief version of the Coparenting Relationship Scale in a community sample of Portuguese fathers and mothers)

The Coparenting Relationship Scale (ERC) is one of the most used measures to evaluate coparenting relationship. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the complete and brief versions of the ERC in a community sample of 779 Portuguese fathers and mothers aged 23 to 65 years (M = 42.73, SD = 5.27). Confirmatory factor analyzes provided evidence of good model fit, internal reliability, and convergent validity, although in both versions the Division of labor dimension was eliminated. Regarding discriminant validity, two out of the seven dimensions – Coparenting agreement and Coparenting support - did not show evidence of discriminant validity. Concurrent validity was also tested and confirmed through the correlations between the dimensions of the ERC and the dimensions of the RDAS (dyadic adjustment) and the SDQ (child adjustment)

Robotic Pancreatoduodenectomy: Patient Selection, Volume Criteria, and Training Programs

INTRODUCTION: There has been a rapid development in minimally invasive pancreas surgery in recent years. The most recent innovation is robotic pancreatoduodenectomy. Several studies have suggested benefits as compared to the open or laparoscopic approach. This review provides an overview of studies concerning patient selection, volume criteria, and training programs for robotic pancreatoduodenectomy and identified knowledge gaps regarding barriers for safe implementation of robotic pancreatoduodenectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Pubmed search was conducted concerning patient selection, volume criteria, and training programs in robotic pancreatoduodenectomy. RESULTS: A total of 20 studies were included. No contraindications were found in patient selection for robotic pancreatoduodenectomy. The consensus and the Miami guidelines advice is a minimum annual volume of 20 robotic pancreatoduodenectomy procedures per center, per year. One training program was identified which describes superior outcomes after the training program and shortening of the learning curve in robotic pancreatoduodenectomy. CONCLUSION: Robotic pancreatoduodenectomy is safe and feasable for all indications when performed by specifically trained surgeons working in centers who can maintain a minimum volume of 20 robotic pancreatoduodenectomy procedures per year. Large proficiency-based training program for robotic pancreatoduodenectomy seem essential to facilitate a safe implementation and future research on robotic pancreatoduodenectomy

C-reactive protein is superior to white blood cell count for early detection of complications after pancreatoduodenectomy: a retrospective multicenter cohort study

Background: Early detection of major complications after pancreatoduodenectomy could improve patient management and decrease the “failure-to-rescue” rate. In this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to compare the value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell count (WBC) in the early detection of complications after pancreatoduodenectomy. Methods: We assessed pancreatoduodenectomies between January 2012 and December 2017. Major complications were defined as grade III or higher according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) was a secondary endpoint. ROC-curve and logistic regression analysis were performed for CRP and WBC. Results were validated in an external cohort. Results: In the development cohort (n = 285), 103 (36.1%) patients experienced a major complication. CRP was superior to WBC in detecting major complications on postoperative day (POD) 3 (AUC:0.74 vs. 0.54, P < 0.001) and POD 5 (AUC:0.77 vs. 0.68, P = 0.031), however not on POD 7 (AUC:0.77 vs. 0.76, P = 0.773). These results were confirmed in multivariable analysis and in the validation cohort (n = 202). CRP was also superior to WBC in detecting POPF on POD 3 (AUC: 0.78 vs. 0.54, P < 0.001) and POD 5 (AUC: 0.83 vs. 0.71, P < 0.001). Conclusion: CRP appears to be superior to WBC in the early detection of major complications and POPF after pancreatoduodenectomy

Establishing and Coordinating a Nationwide Multidisciplinary Study Group: Lessons Learned by the Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group

Surgical oncolog

Surgical management and pathological assessment of pancreatoduodenectomy with venous resection: an international survey among surgeons and pathologists

Background: The aim of this survey was to gain insights in the current surgical management and pathological assessment of pancreatoduodenectomy with portal–superior mesenteric vein resection (VR). Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to identify international expert surgeons (N = 150) and pathologists (N = 40) who published relevant studies between 2009 and 2019. These experts and Dutch surgeons (N = 17) and pathologists (N = 20) were approached to complete an online survey. Results: Overall, 76 (46%) surgeons and 37 (62%) pathologists completed the survey. Most surgeons (71%) estimated that preoperative imaging corresponded correctly with intraoperative findings of venous involvement in 50–75% of patients. An increased complication risk following VR was expected by 55% of surgeons, mainly after Type 4 (segmental resection-venous conduit anastomosis). Most surgeons (61%) preferred Type 3 (segmental resection-primary anastomosis). Most surgeons (75%) always perform the VR themselves. Standard postoperative imaging for patency control was performed by 54% of surgeons and 39% adjusted thromboprophylaxis following VR. Most pathologists (76%) always assessed tumor infiltration in the resected vein and only 54% of pathologists always assess the resection margins of the vein itself. Variation in assessment of tumor infiltration depth was observed. Conclusion: This international survey showed variation in the surgical management and pathological assessment of pancreatoduodenectomy with venous involvement. This highlights the lack of evidence and emphasizes the need for research on imaging modalities to improve patient selection for VR, surgical techniques, postoperative management and standardization of the pathological assessment