The level width of atomic nuclei in the continuum energy region: Comparison with the statistical-model previsions

In this paper the theoretical expression of the « coherence energy » which characterizes the Ericson flctuations of an excitation function is derived in the framework of the statistical model. It is given by a weighted average over spins, parity and energy of the widths of the levels of the compound nucleus interested in the reaction. The case of purely statistical reactions and the case in which a nonstatistical effect is present are analised

Evaluation of the disciplinary competences of the students of the Bachelor's degree in Nursing at 'Sapienza' University of Rome through the TECO: A cross-sectional study

The objective of the study is to evaluate whether the TECO-D is a useful tool for measuring the skills acquired by students during three years of the nursing bachelor's degree course at the 'Sapienza' University of Rome. The sample was recruited between January and April 2018. The distribution of the scores for the TECO-D shows an increasing average (standard deviation) from 177.3 ± 28 in the first year up to 214.1 ± 18.5 for graduating students. The test is comprehensive by sampling all relevant disciplines in a curriculum, usually determined by a fixed blueprint. The evaluation of the single macro areas showed statistically significant data reflecting increasing knowledge regarding the progression of the skills. Because of this, we can say that the TECO-D is a great tool for determining student's knowledge in order to evaluate study programs

The Origin of Separable States and Separability Criteria from Entanglement-breaking Channels

In this paper, we show that an arbitrary separable state can be the output of a certain entanglement-breaking channel corresponding exactly to the input of a maximally entangled state. A necessary and sufficient separability criterion and some sufficient separability criteria from entanglement-breaking channels are given.Comment: EBCs with trace-preserving and EBCs without trace-preserving are separately discusse

Il concetto di Health Literacy e la sua importanza per la professione infermieristica

Introduzione: La salute degli individui e della popolazione dipende da una serie di variabili tra cui decisioni sociali, ambientali, economiche e culturali che mettono in connessione l’individuo con la società. Per poter decidere, le persone devono possedere un insieme di competenze che determinano la capacità e la motivazione di accedere ed utilizzare le conoscenze necessarie ad effettuare scelte consapevoli. Scopo: Scopo del presente lavoro è di sintetizzare e valorizzare l’importanza del concetto di Health Literacy (HL) e definire la sua importanza per la professione infermieristica, attraverso una revisione narrativa della letteratura con: analisi e focalizzazione delle diverse definizioni di HL presenti in letteratura ed elaborazione di un modello multidimensionale di HL; valutazione, attraverso revisione della letteratura, della correlazione esistente tra la professione infermieristica e l’ Health Literacy. Metodo: La revisione narrativa è stata condotta attraverso le banche dati PUBMED e CINAHL, utilizzando il termine “Health Literacy” e termini relativi associato al termine Nursing e termini relativi su studi pubblicati nel periodo 2010-2015 in lingua italiano ed inglese. Risultati: Le due direttrici di questo studio ci consentono di affermare che il concetto è variamente e largamente esaminato; allo stesso tempo l’attenzione da parte degli infermieri verso l’health literacy è ridotta, sia per non piena comprensione degli esiti sulla salute dei singoli sia per la carenza di valutazione. Dallo studio delle 28 definizioni è emerso come i concetti espressi dagli Autori siano ricorrenti e orientati su poche abilità e competenze individuali applicate al contesto sanitario (lettura, scrittura, comprensione, ascolto, etc.). Conclusioni: La presenza di tante descrizioni in letteratura, legate all’aspetto multidimensionale dell’HL rende complesso racchiudere così tanti concetti in un unicum. L’HL è legata a troppe variabili sociali, individuali ed ambientali in continua evoluzione sia arduo arrivare ad una definizione statica di HL da poter essere applicata ad ogni contesto. Allo stesso tempo diventa sempre più cogente che moduli formativi relativi all’Health Literacy vengano stabilmente integrati nella formazione sanitaria ed allo stesso tempo è necessario uno sforzo da parte dei professionisti e dei decisori per fornire risorse e strumenti alla popolazione per una migliore comprensione del sistema sanitarioIntroduction: Individuals and population’s health is influenced by environmental, social economical and cultural aspects which in turn connect individuals to society. In order to decide autonomously, independently and consciously individuals should have several competences. Aim: The aim of this study is to identify, analyse and emphasise health literacy concept relevance per se,its relationship with nursing through a narrative revision focused on: Health literacy definition recognition and analysis; Evaluation of connection between nursing and health literacy. Method: A narrative review was carried out through PUBMED and CINHAL, using ‘health literacy’ and nursing related terms, in English or Italian between 2010 and 2015. Result: Results show that ‘health literacy’ is fully appraised, while attention paid by nurses on the topic is poor due both to a lack of awareness of its relevance on individuals’ health and of appraisal. Twenty-height definition emerged from the revision; concepts expressed by scholars are mainly focused on very few individuals’ abilities and competences applied to the health context (reading, writing, calculation, comprehension , listening and so on). Conclusion: According to the results it is difficult to define ‘health literacy’ due to its multidimensional nature. Notwithstanding the above an attempt to develop a unique new definition of health literacy has been carried out although its multidimensional nature and its strong connection to several variables constantly under development. Nevertheless it is imperative that educational modules would be developed and stably integrated in health care education, at the same time a strong effort is due from professional and policy makers to provide population of the necessary tools in order to improve their health

Integrated photonic quantum gates for polarization qubits

Integrated photonic circuits have a strong potential to perform quantum information processing. Indeed, the ability to manipulate quantum states of light by integrated devices may open new perspectives both for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and for novel technological applications. However, the technology for handling polarization encoded qubits, the most commonly adopted approach, is still missing in quantum optical circuits. Here we demonstrate the first integrated photonic Controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate for polarization encoded qubits. This result has been enabled by the integration, based on femtosecond laser waveguide writing, of partially polarizing beam splitters on a glass chip. We characterize the logical truth table of the quantum gate demonstrating its high fidelity to the expected one. In addition, we show the ability of this gate to transform separable states into entangled ones and vice versa. Finally, the full accessibility of our device is exploited to carry out a complete characterization of the CNOT gate through a quantum process tomography.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Quantum interferometry with three-dimensional geometry

Quantum interferometry uses quantum resources to improve phase estimation with respect to classical methods. Here we propose and theoretically investigate a new quantum interferometric scheme based on three-dimensional waveguide devices. These can be implemented by femtosecond laser waveguide writing, recently adopted for quantum applications. In particular, multiarm interferometers include "tritter" and "quarter" as basic elements, corresponding to the generalization of a beam splitter to a 3- and 4-port splitter, respectively. By injecting Fock states in the input ports of such interferometers, fringe patterns characterized by nonclassical visibilities are expected. This enables outperforming the quantum Fisher information obtained with classical fields in phase estimation. We also discuss the possibility of achieving the simultaneous estimation of more than one optical phase. This approach is expected to open new perspectives to quantum enhanced sensing and metrology performed in integrated photonic.Comment: 7 pages (+4 Supplementary Information), 5 figure

Measurement of WγW\gamma and ZγZ\gamma Production in ppˉp\bar{p} Collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV

The Standard Model predictions for $W\gamma$ and $Z\gamma$ production are tested using an integrated luminosity of 200 pb$^{-1}$ of \ppbar collision data collected at the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The cross sections are measured selecting leptonic decays of the $W$ and $Z$ bosons, and photons with transverse energy $E_T>7$ GeV that are well separated from leptons. The production cross sections and kinematic distributions for the $W\gamma$ and $Z\gamma$ are compared to SM predictions.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PR

Measurement of the Lifetime Difference Between B_s Mass Eigenstates

We present measurements of the lifetimes and polarization amplitudes for B_s --> J/psi phi and B_d --> J/psi K*0 decays. Lifetimes of the heavy (H) and light (L) mass eigenstates in the B_s system are separately measured for the first time by determining the relative contributions of amplitudes with definite CP as a function of the decay time. Using 203 +/- 15 B_s decays, we obtain tau_L = (1.05 +{0.16}/-{0.13} +/- 0.02) ps and tau_H = (2.07 +{0.58}/-{0.46} +/- 0.03) ps. Expressed in terms of the difference DeltaGamma_s and average Gamma_s, of the decay rates of the two eigenstates, the results are DeltaGamma_s/Gamma_s = (65 +{25}/-{33} +/- 1)%, and DeltaGamma_s = (0.47 +{0.19}/-{0.24} +/- 0.01) inverse ps.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; as published in Physical Review Letters on 16 March 2005; revisions are for length and typesetting only, no changes in results or conclusion