El sector forestal a la zona MAB-6 ALT PIRINEU

Presque le 90% de la superficie du territorie MAB-6 est ocupée par des terrains forestiers. À difference de ce qui se passe dans la reste de la Catalogne, dans la région d'étude la forêt publique a une grande importance. Une gestion forestiere appropiée garantit l'entretien des forets et de la diversité génétique et à la fois fait possible l'utilisation continue des forêts, lesquelles constituent un support essentiel de la population locale et de la petite industrie transformatrice du secteur. La rentabilité des forets de la region est baisse, dû basiquement a une manque de planification, a une excessive atomisation de la gestion des forets et a une stagnation des prix des produits forestiers.Nearly 90% of the territory MAB-6 is occupied by forests. Contrary to what happens in the rest of Catalonia, the public forest has a great importance in the area studied here. An appropriate forestal management guarantees the upkeep of the forest and the genetic diversity at the same time as it allows their continuous exploitation, which is an essential support for the local population and for the small transforming industry in this sector. The profitability of the forests in this area is low, mostly due to a lack of planning, an excessive atomization of forest management and a stagnation of the prices of forestal products.Casi el 90% de la superficie del tenitorio MAB-6 esta ocupada por Serrenos forestales. Contrariamente a 10 que sucede en el resto de Cataluña, en el área de estudio tiene una gran importancia el monte publico. Una gestión forestal correcta, garantiza el mantenimiento de los montes y de la diversidad genetica y, a la vez, hace posible el aprovechamiento sostenido esencial de sus producciones, que constituyen un soporte esencial de la población local y la pequeña industria transformadora del sector. La rentabilidad de los montes de la zona es baja, debido basicamente a la falta de ordenación, a la excesiva atomización de la gestiónforestal y al estancamiento del precio de los productos forestales.Gairebé el 90% de la superfície del territori MAB-6 estigui ocupada per terrenys forestals. En contra del que succeeix a la resta de Catalunya, en l'àrea d'estudi té una gran importància el bosc públic. Una gestió forestal adequada garanteix el manteniment dels boscos i de la diversitat genètica i alhora fa possible l'aprofitament sostingut dels boscos, els quals constitueixen un suport essencial de la població local i de la petita industria transformadora del sector. La rendibilitat dels boscos de l'àrea és baixa, bàsicament a causa d'una manca d'ordenació, d'una excessiva atomització de la gestió dels boscos i d'un estancament dels preus dels productes forestals

Thermal and Non-Thermal Physical Methods for Improving Polyphenol Extraction in Red Winemaking

Maceration-fermentation is a critical stage in the elaboration of high-quality red wine. During this stage, the solid parts of the grape berries remain in contact with the fermenting must in order to extract polyphenols mainly located in the grape skin cells. Extracted polyphenols have a considerable impact on sensory properties (color, flavor, astringency, and bitterness) and on the aging behavior of red wine. In order to obtain wines with a sufficient proportion of those compounds, long maceration times are required. The presence of the solid parts of the grapes during red wine fermentation involves several problems for the wineries such as production capacity reduction, higher energy consumption for controlling the fermentation temperature and labor and energy consumption for periodically pump the grape must over the skin mass. Physical techniques based on heating such as thermovinification and flash expansion are currently being applied in wineries to improve the extraction of polyphenols and to reduce maceration time. However, these techniques present a series of problems derived from the heating of the grapes that affect wine quality. A series of recent studies have demonstrated that non-thermal innovative technologies such as pulsed electric fields (PEF) and ultrasound may represent effective alternatives to heating for assisting polyphenol extraction. In terms of general product quality and energetic requirements, this review compares these thermal and non-thermal physical technologies that aim to reduce maceration time

Redefining the role of obstacles in pedestrian evacuation

The placement of obstacles in front of doors is believed to be an effective strategy to increase the flow of pedestrians, hence improving the evacuation process. Since it was first suggested, this counterintuitive feature is considered a hallmark of pedestrian flows through bottlenecks. Indeed, despite the little experimental evidence, the placement of an obstacle has been hailed as the panacea for solving evacuation problems. In this work, we challenge this idea and experimentally demonstrate that the pedestrians flow rate is not necessarily altered by the presence of an obstacle. This result - which is at odds with recent demonstrations on its suitability for the cases of granular media, sheep and mice - differs from the outcomes of most of existing numerical models, and warns about the risks of carelessly extrapolating animal behaviour to humans. Our experimental findings also reveal an unnoticed phenomenon in relation with the crowd movement in front of the exit: in competitive evacuations, an obstacle attenuates the development of collective transversal rushes, which are hazardous as they might cause falls.Fil: Garcimartín, A.. Universidad de Navarra; EspañaFil: Maza, D.. Universidad de Navarra; EspañaFil: Pastor, J. M.. Focke Meler Gluing Solutions S.A.; EspañaFil: Parisi, Daniel Ricardo. Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Martín Gómez, C.. Universidad de Navarra; EspañaFil: Zuriguel, I.. Universidad de Navarra; Españ

Near-infrared photometry of isolated spirals with and without an AGN. I: The Data

We present infrared imaging data in the J and K' bands obtained for 18 active spiral galaxies, together with 11 non active galaxies taken as a control sample. All of them were chosen to satisfy well defined isolation criteria so that the observed properties are not related to gravitational interaction. For each object we give: the image in the K' band, the sharp-divided image (obtained by dividing the observed image by a filtered one), the difference image (obtained by subtracting a model to the observed one), the color J-K' image, the ellipticity and position angle profiles, the surface brightness profiles in J and K', their fits by bulge+disk models and the color gradient. We have found that four (one) active (control) galaxies previously classified as non-barred turn out to have bars when observed in the near-infrared. One of these four galaxies (UGC 1395) also harbours a secondary bar. For 15 (9 active, 6 control) out of 24 (14 active, 10 control) of the optically classified barred galaxies (SB or SX) we find that a secondary bar (or a disk, a lense or an elongated ring) is present. The work presented here is part of a large program (DEGAS) aimed at finding whether there are differences between active and non active galaxies in the properties of their central regions that could be connected with the onset of nuclear activity.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics Supplement Serie

Drive, filter, and stick: A protein sorting conspiracy in photoreceptors.

The sorting of proteins into different functional compartments is a fundamental cellular task. In this issue, Maza et al. (2019. J. Cell Biol https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201906024) demonstrate that distinct protein populations are dynamically generated in specialized regions of photoreceptors via an interplay of protein-membrane affinity, impeded diffusion, and driven transport

Una radiografia dels serveis socials valencians

Desde una perspectiva histórica se analiza la dimensión substantiva de los Servicios Sociales Valencianos. Se toman como referencia investigaciones y datos elaborados por los autores sobre los ejes constitutivos del sistema, de tal manera que al globalizarlos se obtiene una radiografía de su situación. A partir del análisis se proyectan los rasgos constitutivos del sistema público de servicios sociales valenciano, así como los escenarios presentes y futuros del mismo. Se concluye que en perspectiva comparada es un sistema plenamente asistencial, de doble red y mercantilizadoAn analysis of the substantive dimension of Valencian Social Services is done by means of a combination between historical views of the process with X-ray photography of this system using researchers that analyze different axles of it. In this analysis, the constitutive features of the Public Social Services System as well as its present and future scenes are evaluated. As a conclusion, and from a total comparative perspective, it is a welfare system commercialized and of double network

Las nuevas leyes de Servicios Sociales: propuesta para un nueva Ley de Servicios Sociales en la Comunitat Valenciana

Se analiza la situación de los Servicios Sociales en la Comunitat Valenciana, su proceso legislativo y de ordenación. Se completa con un extenso análisis de las leyes de servicios sociales del conjunto de las comunidades autónomas y se realizan propuestas para la realización de una ley de Servicios Sociales en la Comunitat Valenciana

Noves prestacions al Serveis Socials: per a qui? per a què? La Llei Valenciana de Protecció a la Maternitat

The Generalitat Valenciana (Valencia Autonomous Community Authority) approved the maternity protection law one year ago. In this article, we talk about this law, its development and its connection with Valencian social services. We also make a point about the situation of social services faced with longstanding and new social needs to guarantee protection for people and groups in a vulnerability and/ or social exclusion situation. We conclude with the affirmation that this law does not propose any new policy in favour of maternity or anything new for the weak structure of social services