Analyse structurale des fractions polysaccharidiques extraites de laparoi cellulaire d’Hypnea musciformis (Rhodophyceae, Gigartinales)

Structural analyze of polysaccharidic fractions extracted from the cellular wall of Hypnea musciformis (Rhodophyceae, Gigartinales)In Morocco, the industry of carrageenans (gelling and thickening) polysaccharides is not yet developed and the activity is reduced to the harvest and to the export in the raw state of some species of Gigartinaceae. Polysaccharides fractions of the cell wall of the carrageenophyte Hypnea  musciformis extracted according to their degree of solubility in water at various temperatures and increasing of ethanol concentration were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Both methods of extraction show the homogeneity of the polymers extracted. The chemical composition of the phycocolloïds does not show important variations as regards the galactose and 3.6 anhydrogalactose which are the main constituents of the polysaccharide chain. Besides, sulfates are bound (connected) to the light fractions of carrageenans extracted according to the temperature and do not appear simultaneously during their synthesis according to the extraction to the ethanol. The IR and RMN of 13C spectroscopic analysis showed that the fractions extracted at different temperatures and concentrations of ethanol have de same structure. The carrageenans extracted from the wall of Hypnea musciformis is  omogenize of kappa type

A cost-effectiveness analysis evaluating endoscopic surveillance for gastric cancer for populations with low to intermediate risk

10.1371/journal.pone.0083959PLoS ONE812-POLN

Genetic factors associated with intestinal metaplasia in a high risk Singapore-Chinese population: a cohort study

BMC Gastroenterology97

Oncogenic Pathway Combinations Predict Clinical Prognosis in Gastric Cancer

Many solid cancers are known to exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity in their deregulation of different oncogenic pathways. We sought to identify major oncogenic pathways in gastric cancer (GC) with significant relationships to patient survival. Using gene expression signatures, we devised an in silico strategy to map patterns of oncogenic pathway activation in 301 primary gastric cancers, the second highest cause of global cancer mortality. We identified three oncogenic pathways (proliferation/stem cell, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin) deregulated in the majority (>70%) of gastric cancers. We functionally validated these pathway predictions in a panel of gastric cancer cell lines. Patient stratification by oncogenic pathway combinations showed reproducible and significant survival differences in multiple cohorts, suggesting that pathway interactions may play an important role in influencing disease behavior. Individual GCs can be successfully taxonomized by oncogenic pathway activity into biologically and clinically relevant subgroups. Predicting pathway activity by expression signatures thus permits the study of multiple cancer-related pathways interacting simultaneously in primary cancers, at a scale not currently achievable by other platforms

The Helicobacter pylori Genome Project : insights into H. pylori population structure from analysis of a worldwide collection of complete genomes

Helicobacter pylori, a dominant member of the gastric microbiota, shares co-evolutionary history with humans. This has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations associated with the geographic origin of the host and with differential gastric disease risk. Here, we provide insights into H. pylori population structure as a part of the Helicobacter pylori Genome Project (HpGP), a multi-disciplinary initiative aimed at elucidating H. pylori pathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets. We collected 1011 well-characterized clinical strains from 50 countries and generated high-quality genome sequences. We analysed core genome diversity and population structure of the HpGP dataset and 255 worldwide reference genomes to outline the ancestral contribution to Eurasian, African, and American populations. We found evidence of substantial contribution of population hpNorthAsia and subpopulation hspUral in Northern European H. pylori. The genomes of H. pylori isolated from northern and southern Indigenous Americans differed in that bacteria isolated in northern Indigenous communities were more similar to North Asian H. pylori while the southern had higher relatedness to hpEastAsia. Notably, we also found a highly clonal yet geographically dispersed North American subpopulation, which is negative for the cag pathogenicity island, and present in 7% of sequenced US genomes. We expect the HpGP dataset and the corresponding strains to become a major asset for H. pylori genomics

High pressure intrusion–extrusion of electrolyte solutions in aluminosilicate FAU and *BEA-type zeolites

International audienc

ETIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS OF SALMONELLOSIS OF BIRDS

The article presents the results of a study of the etiological structure and differential diag-nostic signs of avian salmonellosis. When identifying bacteria isolated from 128 blood samples of chickens with the use of rapid test "Salmonella latex kit" established the dominance of cultures of the microorganisms Salmonella spp. - of 10.94% (14 samples); 10 strains (71,43%) were attributed to Salmonella gallinarum, 4 (of 28.57%) to Salmonella pullorum. The overall level of resistance of Salmonella to ampicillin - 57,58%; tetracycline - 60,61%; streptomycin - 66,67%; had to 57,58%; 60,61% and 66,67% are sensitivity to norfloxacin amounted to 69,70%, to ceftazidime - 78,79%, enrofloxacin - 57,58%, ciprofloxacin - 69,70% of the tested strains. At postmortem examination the most frequently detected signs of pericarditis, hemorrhagic pneumonia, aeroscout, catarrhal-hemorrhagic enteritis, perihepatitis, hyperplasia of the spleen. The most frequently detected signs of pericarditis, aeroscout, catarrhal-hemorrhagic gastroenterocolitis, perihepatitis, inflam-mation of the ovaries, hyperplasia of the spleen. Revealed signs of congestive hyperemia, macrophage reaction, hyperplasia and plasmocytomas of lymphocyte transformation, increase the permeability of microcirculatory vessels, lymphoid-cellular infil-tration of loose fibrous connective tissue, perivascular oedema, disseminated thrombosis, proliferation of lymphocytes from lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and pancreas. In violation of the porosity of the blood vessels of serous membranes of organs were observed extensive serous oedema, the output of the formed elements of blood and the loss of fibrinogen