Pembuatan Model Hybrid 2 Teknik Reduksi Peak-to-average Power Ratio Partial Transmit Sequence Dan Clipping Filtering Pada Sistem Mimo-ofdm

Sistem MIMO digunakan dalam sistem komunikasi nirkabel modern untuk memenuhi tuntutan kecepatan transmisi data yang tinggi untuk berbagai aplikasi dan layanan namun sistem MIMO-OFDM mempunyai kelemahan nilai PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio) yang tinggi dan membuat HPA (High Power Amplifier) bekerja pada daerah non-linier. Sehingga perlu dilakukan reduksi dengan teknik reduksi PAPR. dalam Penelitian ini dilakukan analisis reduksi PAPR pada sistem MIMO-OFDM menggunakan teknik hybrid Improved Partial Transmits Sequence dan Simplified Clipping Filtering. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengamati kinerja penggunaan teknik reduksi PAPR dan penggunaan tanpa teknik reduksi PAPR. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan pada probabilitas 1x10-5, hasil kinerja tanpa teknik reduksi dibutuhkan level threshold PAPR0 sebesar ± 12 dB, sedangkan ketika menggunakan teknik reduksi hybrid Improved PTS dan Simplified CF dibutuhkan level threshold PAPR0 rata-rata ± 6 dB dan membandingkan kinerja teknik reduksi Hybrid Improved PTS - Simplified CF dengan nilai Clipping ratio 1,4 dan 1,6. Maka kinerja reduksi PAPR terbaik adalah dengan menggunakan teknik reduksi hybrid Improved PTS dan Simplified CF dengan Clipping ratio 1,4 karena mampu menyuguhkan selisih nilai reduksi sebesar ± 5,7 dB daripada tanpa menggunakan teknik reduksi. dan penggunaan nilai Clipping Ratio yang semakin rendah menghasilkan nilai PAPR yang juga semakin rendah, karena Amplitudo maksimum semakin kecil

Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Komitmen Pegawai Politeknik Perikanan Negeri Tual

In order to achieve the organization\u27s progress, Fisheries Polytechnic of Tual having several problems related to the behavior of employees in purpose to improving employee and organizational performance. The existence of these problems has an impact on employment that cannot be resolved in line with expectations and the time specified. So it becomes very important research fatherly perspective view of organizational commitment through culture organization. The analysis of the crosstabs describe that the culture organization influences the commitment of employees significantly. Based on regression analysis, culture organization influences the commitment of employees with coefficient value is 0.650, it means that the higher culture of the organization, the commitment of employees will be higher

Improved Cu2O/AZO Heterojunction by Inserting a Thin ZnO Interlayer Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition

Cu2O/ZnO:Al (AZO) and Cu2O/ZnO/AZO heterojunctions have been deposited on glass substrates by a unique three-step pulsed laser deposition process. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of the oxide films were investigated before their implementation in the final device. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the materials were highly crystallized along the c-axis. All films were highly transparent in the visible region with enhanced electrical properties. Atomic force and scanning electron microscopies showed that the insertion of a ZnO layer between the Cu2O and AZO films in the heterojunction enhanced the average grain size and surface roughness. The heterojunctions exhibited remarkable diode behavior and good rectifying character with low leakage current under reverse bias. The presence of the ZnO interlayer film significantly reduced the parasitic and leakage currents across the barrier, improved the quality of the heterostructure, made the energy band between AZO and Cu2O layers smoother, and eliminated the possibility of interface recombination, leading to much longer electron lifetime

Logarithmic Sobolev Inequalities and Exponential Integrability

AbstractWe prove the exponential integrability of Lipschitz functions in abstract Wiener spaces by using logarithmic Sobolev inequalities. We introduce two notions of Lipschitz continuity and apply the method of Davis and Simon [J. Funct. Anal.59 (1984), 335-395] to prove our main theorem. Moreover we give several conditions under which the function is exponentially integrable

Freeze and freeze drying applied as preservation processes of melon peel

info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersio

Tensile property of melt mixing co-polypropylene with waste polymer at different composition ratios

In order to implement economical way of managing unwanted substances, waste polymer (WP) can be recycled instead of throwing it away. It can be reused via "sink-float" technique and mixed with another binder like co-polypropylene (co-PP) to enhance the mechani-cal properties of the material. This is because co-PP is a bit softer but has better impact strength, much tougher and more durable than polypropylene (PP). Two materials underwent injection moulding with 170°C temperature to produce dog bone samples for tensile test. The test started with 10% up until 80% of WP content mixed with co-PP. Tensile test speed used for this experiment was 5mm/s. Stress vs. strain graph was obtained from the test and the modulus of elasticity was obtained by using the stress over strain formula. The stress versus strain result for the composite with WP is lower than that of co-PP, proving that WP is more brittle compared to the more elastic co-PP. Morphological analysis of surface structure based on Optical Microscope (OM) indicates that co-PP has smooth surface while WP has a rough surface

Elastocaloric effect in aged single crystals of Ni54Fe19Ga27 ferromagnetic shape memory alloy

In the present study, the effect of 0-phase dispersed particles on both the L21(B2)-10M/14ML10 martensitic transformations and the elastocaloric effect in aged Ni54Fe19Ga27 single crystals oriented along the [001]-direction was investigated. It was experimentally shown that aging strongly affects the elastocaloric properties of these crystals. The precipitation of semi-coherent 0-phase particles up to 500 nm in size in the crystals aged at 773 K for 1 h leads to a 1.4 times increase in the operating temperature range of the elastocaloric effect up to DTSE = 270 K as compared with the initial as-grown crystals (DTSE = 197 K). The adiabatic cooling values DTad are similar for the as-grown crystals DTad = 10.9 (0.5) K and crystals aged at 773 K DTad = 11.1 (0.5) K. The crystals containing temperature range of DTSE = 255 K with slightly smaller adiabatic cooling DTad below 9.7 (0.5) K. The aged [001]-oriented Ni54Fe19Ga27 single crystals demonstrate high cyclic stability: the number of cycles does not influence the adiabatic cooling values and parameters of loading/unloading curves regardless of the particle size. The ways to improve the elastocaloric cooling parameters and stability of the elastocaloric effect by means of dispersed particles in the NiFeGa ferromagnetic shape memory alloy were discussed.В ст. ошибочно: Nikita S. Suriko

Identification of Bacterial Clones Encoding Bovine Caseins by Direct Immunological Screening of the cDNA Library

A sensitive immunoassay was used to identify recombinant plasmids carrying cDNA fragments of bovine caseins in the cDNA library from bovine mammary gland mRNA. Colonies grown on nitrocellulose filters were lysed in situ and proteins from the lysates were blotted onto CNBr-activated cellulose filter paper. Antigens covalently bound to CNBr-activated paper or bound to nitrocellulose filters were detected by reaction with antiserum to caseins, followed by ^125I-labelled Staphylococcus aureus protein A and autoradiography. Six clones were found positive among 5400 of the cDNA library: 3-A1, 3-B2, 3-B5, 3-H7, 2-A5 and 2-C9. The molecular weights of chimeric pre-β-lactamase: casein proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli were estimated by immunoblotting. Colony hybridization and nucleotide sequence analysis showed that clone 3-B5 contained a cDNA fragment of bovine χ-casein, clone 3-H7 contained a cDNA fragment of β-casein, while clones 2-A5 and 2-C9 carried cDNA fragments of α_si-casein

Identification of Bacterial Clones Encoding Bovine Caseins by Direct Immunological Screening of the cDNA Library

A sensitive immunoassay was used to identify recombinant plasmids carrying cDNA fragments of bovine caseins in the cDNA library from bovine mammary gland mRNA. Colonies grown on nitrocellulose filters were lysed in situ and proteins from the lysates were blotted onto CNBr-activated cellulose filter paper. Antigens covalently bound to CNBr-activated paper or bound to nitrocellulose filters were detected by reaction with antiserum to caseins, followed by ^125I-labelled Staphylococcus aureus protein A and autoradiography. Six clones were found positive among 5400 of the cDNA library: 3-A1, 3-B2, 3-B5, 3-H7, 2-A5 and 2-C9. The molecular weights of chimeric pre-β-lactamase: casein proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli were estimated by immunoblotting. Colony hybridization and nucleotide sequence analysis showed that clone 3-B5 contained a cDNA fragment of bovine χ-casein, clone 3-H7 contained a cDNA fragment of β-casein, while clones 2-A5 and 2-C9 carried cDNA fragments of α_si-casein