Hubungan Kecerdasan Emosi Dengan Kecemasan Menghadapi Masa Pembebasan Pada Narapidana

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecerdasan emosi dengan kecemasan dalam menghadapi masa pembebasan pada narapidana. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah ada korelasi negatif antara kecerdasan emosi dengan kecemasan dalam menghadapi masa pembebasan pada narapidana. Semakin tinggi kecerdasan emosi seorang narapidana maka kecemasan dalam menghadapi masa pembebasan akan semakin rendah. Adapun subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 50 narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Yogyakarta yang akan bebas dalam kurun waktu 5-6 bulan, telah menjalani masa pidana lebih dari 1 tahun dan berusia 18-40 tahun. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala kecerdasan emosi milik Oryza (2009) yang disusun berdasarkan aspek-aspek dari Goleman (1999) dan skala kecemasan menghadapi masa pembebasan yang disusun sendiri oleh peneliti dengan mengacu pada teori Nevid, dkk (2005). Analisis data yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik Product Moment Pearson. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya korelasi yang sangat signifikan antara kecerdasan emosi dengan kecemasan narapidana dalam menghadapi masa pembebasan dengan nilai r=-0.639 dan p = 0.000 (

Analisis Perbandingan Pendapatan Nelayan Jaring Pejer (Bottom Set Gill Net) Anggota Kub (Kelompok USAha Bersama) Dan Non Anggota Kub Di Desa Sukoharjo Kecamatan Rembang Kabupaten Rembang

Mayoritas masyarakat Desa Sukoharjo bermatapencaharian sebagai nelayan penangkap rajungan. Jaring Pejer (bottom set gill net) adalah alat tangkap yang banyak digunakan oleh nelayan Sukoharjo untuk menangkap rajungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis produksi hasil tangkapan rajungan dan pengaruhnya terhadap pendapatan nelayan jaring Pejer dan menganalisis perbedaan pendapatan nelayan anggota KUB dan non anggota KUB dalam satu tahun. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah nelayan jaring Pejer di Desa Sukoharjo yang merupakan anggota KUB dan non-anggota KUB. Metode penelitian yaitu metode deskriptif studi kasus, dengan metode pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pendapatan bersih yang diperoleh nelayan jaring Pejer anggota KUB adalah sebesar Rp 36.237.500,-/tahun atau Rp 3.675.000,-/bulan, sedangkan nelayan jaring Pejer non anggota KUB sebesar Rp 27.695.267,-/tahun atau Rp 3.258.267,-/bulan. Jumlah trip penangkapan dalam satu bulan adalah 20 trip dan dalam satu tahun terdapat 8,5 bulan operasi penangkapan. Rata-rata produksi rajungan dalam satu tahun sebanyak 675 kg. Berdasarkan hasil regresi linear sederhana yaitu nilai korelasi 0,775, produksi rajungan memiliki keeratan hubungan yang kuat pada pendapatan bersih yang diterima nelayan jaring Pejer, karena semakin besar jumlah produksi rajungan maka semakin tinggi tingkat pendapatannya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Uji T, nilai Sig 2-tailed (0,002) < α = 5% (0,05) maka H1 diterima artinya pendapatan bersih nelayan anggota KUB lebih besar daripada nelayan non anggota KUB dalam satu tahun ini. Dana BLM dari pemerintah hanya diberikan satu kali saja, sehingga dana bantuan tersebut tidak memiliki pengaruh yang cukup besar dan berkelanjutan terhadap pendapatan nelayan jaring Pejer di Desa Sukoharjo. The majority of Sukoharjo villagers as a fishermen blue swimming crabs catcher. Pejer nets (bottom set gill net) is the gear used by fishermen to catch blue swimming crabs in Sukoharjo. The purposes of this research are analyzing the production of blue swimming crabs and its effect with fishermen's income and analyzing the differences income of fishermen KUB's member and non KUB's member within a year. The population of this research is the Pejer's fishermen in Sukoharjo village Pejer which is member of KUB and non-members of KUB. Research method is descriptive case study, sampling method is used purposive sampling. The results showed that the members of KUB fishing income is Rp 36.237.500,-/year or Rp 3.675.000,-/month and non-members of KUB fishing income is Rp 27.695.267,-/year or Rp 3.258.267,-/month. Trips catching total in a month is 20 trip and within a year there are 8,5 months of fishing operated. Production of blue swimming crabs in the village of Sukoharjo average in one year is 675 kg. Based on the results of a simple linear regression correlation value 0,775, the production of blue swimming crab has a strong correlation with the Pejer's fishermen income, because the greater production of blue swimming crab, then the level of fishermen's income are upper. Based on the analysis of T-Test, Sig 2-tailed (0,002) < α = 5% (0,05) then H1 accepted so there are differences of net income per year between fishermen of KUB's member and non KUB's member. BLM funds from the government are only given one time, so that these funds do not have an appreciable impact on revenues and sustainable of fishermen Pejer net in the Sukoharjo Village

Эвтагогический подход к обучению музыке в профессионально-технических училищах

Introduction. Music is one of the areas of expertise and skills existing in vocational schools in Indonesia, where students must master music in theory and practice. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, music teachers are encouraged to design alternative learning methods in order to facilitate the students to learn music. This challenges the music teachers to provide interesting and well-delivered material during online learning since the teachers of vocational education have to adapt quickly and prepare the students to be ready in facing the today’s challenges. In addition, the use of information and communication technology in teaching and performing music is growing rapidly, thus, the music teachers must master computer technology to address the complexities of today’s music industry, and support the music learning process in theory and practice. The heutagogical approach is believed to be an innovative and trending approach to be applied in the music learning process, since it can adapt to the current changing times. It can also assist teachers to guide music theory and practice, develop and deliver direction and discussion through technology assistance with learning materials agreed in the classroom. The aim of this article is to analyse the application of a heutagogical approach that focuses on improving learning, overall learning opportunities, and developing independent skills with technology assistance on music subjects in vocational schools in Bandung (West Java, Indonesia). Methodology and research methods. This research employs grounded theory method by providing explicit analytical strategies with the ultimate goal of obtaining theories about certain processes, actions, or interactions that come from the teacher’s point of view in teaching music in vocational schools. Results and scientific novelty. It was found that teaching processes with heutagogical approach tend to be student-centred, enabling students to learn independently through self-determination, since it is the real implementation of student-centred educational theory that can help students hone skills and metacognition and reflect their own learning experience faster. Practical significance. The current research aims at helping students studying music in vocational schools to apply self-determined learning, hence they can determine what to learn, how to learn it, when to learn, and where to get information to achieve the learning objectives. Thus, students can decide when the best time to study music, explore their musical knowledge, and practice their music skills. In addition, students can be trained to design music lessons, build space patterns and learning opportunities, and develop themselves individually; hence that they can be responsible for the learning objectives they designed for themselves. As for the teachers, they can play their role as a guide and facilitator who can direct students in achieving their learning objectives.Введение. Музыка является одной из областей навыков и квалификации, существующих в профессионально-технических училищах Индонезии, где студенты должны осваивать музыку в теории и практике. Из-за пандемии COVID-19 преподавателям музыки рекомендуется разрабатывать альтернативные методы обучения, чтобы облегчить студентам прохождение программы. Поэтому они вынуждены выбирать интересные материалы и качественно их готовить при онлайн-обучении, так как преподаватели в сфере профессионального образования должны быстро адаптироваться к сегодняшним вызовам и учить студентов быть к готовыми к ним. Кроме того, использование информационно-коммуникационных технологий в преподавании и исполнении музыки быстро растет, поэтому преподаватели музыки должны осваивать компьютерные технологии для решения сложных задач современной музыкальной индустрии и поддерживать процесс обучения музыке в теории и на практике. Эвтагогический подход считается инновационным и трендовым, он должен применяться в процессе обучения музыке, поскольку может адаптироваться к текущим изменениям. Этот подход может также помогать учителям направлять теорию и практику музыки в нужное русло, разрабатывать и осуществлять руководство и обсуждение посредством технической помощи с учебными материалами, согласованными в классе. Цель. Цель статьи – проанализировать применение эвтагогического подхода, направленного на улучшение обучения, общие возможности обучения и развитие независимых навыков с технической помощью по музыкальным предметам в профессиональных школах в Бандунге (Западная Ява, Индонезия). Методология и методы исследования. Исследование использует метод обоснованной теории, предоставляя четкие аналитические стратегии с конечной целью получения теории об определенных процессах, действиях или взаимодействиях, которые происходят с точки зрения учителя при преподавании музыки в профессиональных училищах. Результаты и научная новизна. Было установлено, что преподавание с использованием эвтагогического подхода, как правило, ориентировано на учащихся, что позволяет им учиться независимо через самоопределение, поскольку именно реальное осуществление ориентированной на учащихся теории образования может помочь студентам оттачивать навыки и метасознание и быстрее анализировать свой учебный опыт. Практическая значимость. Это исследование направлено на то, чтобы помочь студентам, изучающим музыку в профессионально-технических училищах, применять самоопределяемое обучение, поэтому они могут установить, что им учить, как и когда учиться и где получать информацию для достижения целей обучения. Таким образом, студенты могут решить, когда лучше всего изучать музыку, исследовать свои музыкальные знания и практиковать свои музыкальные навыки. Кроме того, они могут обучаться планированию музыкальных уроков, создавать пространственные модели и возможности для обучения, а также развиваться индивидуально, что позволяет им отслеживать поставленные ими цели обучения. Что касается преподавателей, то они могут играть роль руководителей и координаторов, которые направляют учащихся в достижении их учебных целей.The authors express their gratitude to Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia for funding this research project. Utmost gratitude and appreciation are also extended to partners and all parties, who have actively participated so that this research can be carried out, especially to the teacher representatives of Vocational High School (SMK) in Bandung (West Java, Indonesia).Авторы выражают благодарность Университету Пендидикан Индонезия за финансирование этого исследовательского проекта. Авторы также выражают огромную благодарность и признательность партнерам и всем, кто принял активное участие в этом исследовании, особенно преподавателям профессионально-технической средней школы в Бандунге (Западная Ява, Индонезия)

Pharmacoeconomic and clinical implications of sequential therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients in Central and Eastern Europe

Introduction: The incidence and mortality rates of kidney cancer in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region are among the highest in the world. Access to second and subsequent lines of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) therapies is highly varied in the region. Despite the increasing body of evidence supporting the clinical benefit of multiple lines of treatment, access to treatment beyond first line is restricted in many of these countries.Areas covered: The adoption of targeted therapies for the first-line treatment of mRCC in the region was slow and faced many obstacles. In order to evaluate the current status of treatment beyond the first-line setting in the CEE region, this review examines the availability and reimbursement of mRCC drugs and clinical practice in institutions that treat patients with mRCC.Expert opinion: This review highlights the need to raise awareness among physicians, payers and regulators on clinical trial and cost-effectiveness data regarding the treatment of mRCC beyond the first line. The obstacles to mRCC drug access highlighted in this review need to be overcome to ensure that patients are receiving the best treatment available

Asperities and barriers on the seismogenic zone in North Chile: state-of-the-art after the 2007 Mw 7.7 Tocopilla earthquake inferred by GPS and InSAR data

The Mw 7.7 2007 November 14 earthquake had an epicentre located close to the city of Tocopilla, at the southern end of a known seismic gap in North Chile. Through modelling of Global Positioning System (GPS) and radar interferometry (InSAR) data, we show that this event ruptured the deeper part of the seismogenic interface (30–50 km) and did not reach the surface. The earthquake initiated at the hypocentre and was arrested ~150 km south, beneath the Mejillones Peninsula, an area already identified as an important structural barrier between two segments of the Peru–Chile subduction zone. Our preferred models for the Tocopilla main shock show slip concentrated in two main asperities, consistent with previous inversions of seismological data. Slip appears to have propagated towards relatively shallow depths at its southern extremity, under the Mejillones Peninsula. Our analysis of post-seismic deformation suggests that small but still significant post-seismic slip occurred within the first 10 d after the main shock, and that it was mostly concentrated at the southern end of the rupture. The post-seismic deformation occurring in this period represents ~12–19 per cent of the coseismic deformation, of which ~30–55 per cent has been released aseismically. Post-seismic slip appears to concentrate within regions that exhibit low coseismic slip, suggesting that the afterslip distribution during the first month of the post-seismic interval complements the coseismic slip. The 2007 Tocopilla earthquake released only ~2.5 per cent of the moment deficit accumulated on the interface during the past 130 yr and may be regarded as a possible precursor of a larger subduction earthquake rupturing partially or completely the 500-km-long North Chile seismic gap

Breast cancer screening in women with extremely dense breasts recommendations of the European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI)

Breast density is an independent risk factor for the development of breast cancer and also decreases the sensitivity of mammography for screening. Consequently, women with extremely dense breasts face an increased risk of late diagnosis of breast cancer. These women are, therefore, underserved with current mammographic screening programs. The results of recent studies reporting on contrast-enhanced breast MRI as a screening method in women with extremely dense breasts provide compelling evidence that this approach can enable an important reduction in breast cancer mortality for these women and is cost-effective. Because there is now a valid option to improve breast cancer screening, the European Society of Breast Imaging (EUSOBI) recommends that women should be informed about their breast density. EUSOBI thus calls on all providers of mammography screening to share density information with the women being screened. In light of the available evidence, in women aged 50 to 70 years with extremely dense breasts, the EUSOBI now recommends offering screening breast MRI every 2 to 4 years. The EUSOBI acknowledges that it may currently not be possible to offer breast MRI immediately and everywhere and underscores that quality assurance procedures need to be established, but urges radiological societies and policymakers to act on this now. Since the wishes and values of individual women differ, in screening the principles of shared decision-making should be embraced. In particular, women should be counselled on the benefits and risks of mammography and MRI-based screening, so that they are capable of making an informed choice about their preferred screening method

Endocrine Therapy Synergizes with SMAC Mimetics to Potentiate Antigen Presentation and Tumor Regression in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.

UNLABELLED: Immunotherapies have yet to demonstrate significant efficacy in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer. Given that endocrine therapy (ET) is the primary approach for treating HR+ breast cancer, we investigated the effects of ET on the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) in HR+ breast cancer. Spatial proteomics of primary HR+ breast cancer samples obtained at baseline and after ET from patients enrolled in a neoadjuvant clinical trial (NCT02764541) indicated that ET upregulated β2-microglobulin and influenced the TME in a manner that promotes enhanced immunogenicity. To gain a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms, the intrinsic effects of ET on cancer cells were explored, which revealed that ET plays a crucial role in facilitating the chromatin binding of RelA, a key component of the NF-κB complex. Consequently, heightened NF-κB signaling enhanced the response to interferon-gamma, leading to the upregulation of β2-microglobulin and other antigen presentation-related genes. Further, modulation of NF-κB signaling using a SMAC mimetic in conjunction with ET augmented T-cell migration and enhanced MHC-I-specific T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Remarkably, the combination of ET and SMAC mimetics, which also blocks prosurvival effects of NF-κB signaling through the degradation of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins, elicited tumor regression through cell autonomous mechanisms, providing additional support for their combined use in HR+ breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Adding SMAC mimetics to endocrine therapy enhances tumor regression in a cell autonomous manner while increasing tumor immunogenicity, indicating that this combination could be an effective treatment for HR+ patients with breast cancer

Codon Size Reduction as the Origin of the Triplet Genetic Code

The genetic code appears to be optimized in its robustness to missense errors and frameshift errors. In addition, the genetic code is near-optimal in terms of its ability to carry information in addition to the sequences of encoded proteins. As evolution has no foresight, optimality of the modern genetic code suggests that it evolved from less optimal code variants. The length of codons in the genetic code is also optimal, as three is the minimal nucleotide combination that can encode the twenty standard amino acids. The apparent impossibility of transitions between codon sizes in a discontinuous manner during evolution has resulted in an unbending view that the genetic code was always triplet. Yet, recent experimental evidence on quadruplet decoding, as well as the discovery of organisms with ambiguous and dual decoding, suggest that the possibility of the evolution of triplet decoding from living systems with non-triplet decoding merits reconsideration and further exploration. To explore this possibility we designed a mathematical model of the evolution of primitive digital coding systems which can decode nucleotide sequences into protein sequences. These coding systems can evolve their nucleotide sequences via genetic events of Darwinian evolution, such as point-mutations. The replication rates of such coding systems depend on the accuracy of the generated protein sequences. Computer simulations based on our model show that decoding systems with codons of length greater than three spontaneously evolve into predominantly triplet decoding systems. Our findings suggest a plausible scenario for the evolution of the triplet genetic code in a continuous manner. This scenario suggests an explanation of how protein synthesis could be accomplished by means of long RNA-RNA interactions prior to the emergence of the complex decoding machinery, such as the ribosome, that is required for stabilization and discrimination of otherwise weak triplet codon-anticodon interactions