Analisis Pendapatan Usaha Tani Jagung Pipilan di Kecamatan Payakumbuh

Penelitian ini didasarkan pada peningkatan produksi jagung di Kecamatan Payakumbuh yang diperlukan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani jagung, kondisi ini sejalan dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan komoditas jagung khususnya untuk pakan ayam petelur. Meningkatnya kebutuhan jagung untuk ayam petelur disebabkan oleh meningkatnya populasi dalam USAha Perunggasan, khususnya ternak ayam petelur di Kecamatan Payakumbuh yang begitu cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan USAhatani jagung. Untuk menganalisis pendapatan USAhatani jagung dilakukan dengan analisis menggunakan rumus pendapatan USAhatani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Total pendapatan petani jagung adalah Rp.28.984 - 18.294.429; dengan penghasilan rata-rata Rp 5.089.795,35

Indonesian Teachers’ Beliefs and Experiences of Computer-Based English Summative Tests

Computer-Based English Summative Test (CBEST) has gained popularity in many educational institutions recently. In this testing mode, students do the exam with the help of computer in language laboratory. The result of the test is usually gained immediately after the test is done. Though CBEST has been popular, the implementation of CBEST in Indonesian educational context has not been widely published. This paper specifically presents teachers\u27 beliefs and experiences in doing CBEST testing mode. The data were collected by distributing questionnaire to 9 (nine) English teachers from 3 (three) different vocational schools. The result of the study showed that teachers believe that the implementation of CBEST give them benefits in several aspects, such as aspect of economy, aspect of system implementation and aspect of test administration and design.

Preliminary research: Identification of Difficulty in Chemical Learning Based On Teacher and Student Perspectives

The purpose of education is to create a society which has the scientific literacy skills. So that goal is reached it is necessary teach and develop competencies that support skills. This study is a preliminary study in the identification of the problems perspectives by teachers and high school students in learning chemistry. The method used in this study is a survey method using a questionnaire. Respondents consisted of 10 teachers and 22 students senior high school in Bandung. From the results of the survey the problems perspectives by the students, interest and motivation in learning chemistry students is still low. It can be seen from the student questionnaire (question 1,2,3, and 4). In addition to low literacy student chemistry can be concluded from the results of the questionnaire related to the learning habits of students in applying chemistry in everyday life, 59, 1% sometimes, 27.3% often, 9.1% and 4.5% always never. From the survey results the authors focus on three main issues in teaching chemistry ie, level of difficulty of the material, the selection of teaching and learning context model of chemistry in everyday life is not always delivered on the learning process. Teacher as a key component in education need to be equipped with a good understanding and skills to implement learning that can develop chemistry student literacy. Knowledge is always evolving as the development time, teachers are required to continually update the scientific study. Difficulties experienced teachers is the failure to trigger the birth of learning in students and led to the view that chemistry is a difficult lesson. Based on the results of the survey above, learning will be more meaningful if using social-scientific issues that are relevant to the material being taught in order to achieve educational goals

ANALISIS PERENCANAAN GATEWAY GIMANGKUNEGARAN PT. PLN (PERSERO) APJ SURAKARTA

GI Mangkunegaran terletak di pusat kota Surakarta. melayani beban dengan densitas relatif tinggi dan dengan pertumbuhan beban yang relatif tinggi pula. Sampai tahun 2010 terpasang satu unit traJo GI dengan kapasitas 60 MVA dan telah disusun rencana peningkatan kapasitas GI dengan menambah trafo I x 60 MVA. Jumlah penyulang yang semula 6 buah, akan bertambah menjadi 12 buah. Keadaan lokasinya tidak memungkinkan pemasangan jalur ke luar (gateway) dengan kontruksi SUTM yang biasa dilakukan pada GI lainnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis perencanaan gateway hagi penyulang haru dari penambahan traJo di GI Mangkunegaran, Surakarta, yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan altematif gateway yang tepat sesuai dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi di GI Mangkunegaran. Analisis meliputi jumlah penyulang yang dapat keluar dari GI, rencana yang diusulkan dan proteksi yang diperlukan. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa gatewery yang tepat di GI Mangkunegaran adalah gateway dengan menggunakan Saluran Kabel Tegangan Menengah (SKTM) dengan trunk- line kabel berukuran besar. Disamping pemiUhan gateway juga direncanakan proteksi PMT, OCR. GFR, dan rec/oser sehingga diperoleh proteksi yang tepat

Current Technologies and Future Perspectives in Immunotherapy towards a Clinical Oncology Approach

Immunotherapy is now established as a potent therapeutic paradigm engendering antitumor immune response against a wide range of malignancies and other diseases by modulating the immune system either through the stimulation or suppression of immune components such as CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells. By targeting several immune checkpoint inhibitors or blockers (e.g., PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, CTLA-4, LAG3, and TIM-3) expressed on the surface of immune cells, several monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antibodies have been developed and already translated clinically. In addition, natural killer cell-based, dendritic cell-based, and CAR T cell therapies have been also shown to be promising and effective immunotherapeutic approaches. In particular, CAR T cell therapy has benefited from advancements in CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology, allowing the generation of several modified CAR T cells with enhanced antitumor immunity. However, the emerging SARS-CoV-2 infection could hijack a patient’s immune system by releasing pro-inflammatory interleukins and cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10, and IFN-γ and TNF-α, respectively, which can further promote neutrophil extravasation and the vasodilation of blood vessels. Despite the significant development of advanced immunotherapeutic technologies, after a certain period of treatment, cancer relapses due to the development of resistance to immunotherapy. Resistance may be primary (where tumor cells do not respond to the treatment), or secondary or acquired immune resistance (where tumor cells develop resistance gradually to ICIs therapy). In this context, this review aims to address the existing immunotherapeutic technologies against cancer and the resistance mechanisms against immunotherapeutic drugs, and explain the impact of COVID-19 on cancer treatment. In addition, we will discuss what will be the future implementation of these strategies against cancer drug resistance. Finally, we will emphasize the practical steps to lay the groundwork for enlightened policy for intervention and resource allocation to care for cancer patients

Protective Effects of Walnut Extract Against Amyloid Beta Peptide-Induced Cell Death and Oxidative Stress in PC12 Cells

Amyloid beta-protein (Aβ) is the major component of senile plaques and cerebrovascular amyloid deposits in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Aβ is known to increase free radical production in neuronal cells, leading to oxidative stress and cell death. Recently, considerable attention has been focused on dietary antioxidants that are able to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby offering protection against oxidative stress. Walnuts are rich in components that have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The inhibition of in vitro fibrillization of synthetic Aβ, and solubilization of preformed fibrillar Aβ by walnut extract was previously reported. The present study was designed to investigate whether walnut extract can protect against Aβ-induced oxidative damage and cytotoxicity. The effect of walnut extract on Aβ-induced cellular damage, ROS generation and apoptosis in PC12 pheochromocytoma cells was studied. Walnut extract reduced Aβ-mediated cell death assessed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) reduction, and release of lactate dehydrogenase (membrane damage), DNA damage (apoptosis) and generation of ROS in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that walnut extract can counteract Aβ-induced oxidative stress and associated cell death

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020