Comunicación corta. Valores forrajeros y nutritivos de residuos de poda (hojas y brotes laterales de verano) de cuatro cultivares de vid (Vitis vinifera L.) en el momento de la cosecha y en dos fechas de postcosecha

The annual pruning of vineyards produces shoot and leaf residues that have traditionally been fed to sheep and goats. The aim of this work was to determine the forage and nutritive values of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves plus summer lateral shoots at grape harvest and two post-harvest dates. The study cultivars were Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc and Sémillon, all grafted onto 5BB rootstocks. The leaves and summer lateral shoots were removed at the same time from each cultivar at three dates: grape harvest, 15 days post-harvest, and 30 days postharvest. No significant differences were seen between the cultivars in terms of their mean crude protein (CP) (45.44-46.33 g/kg), crude fibre (CF) (37.12-37.50%), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (324.63-324.87 g/kg), acid detergent fibre (ADF) (247.44-249.44 g/kg), potassium (2.11-2.14 g/kg), calcium (3.85-3.95 g/kg) or iron (0.037-0.038 g/kg) contents at any of the three sampling dates. The highest fresh matter (1,765.33 kg/ha) and dry matter (DM) yields (610.67 kg/ha) were obtained from Sauvignon Blanc. The fresh matter yield, DM yield, CP, CF, NDF and ADF contents on the different sampling dates all differed significantly. The maximum fresh matter yield (1,925.33 kg/ha), DM yield (634.67 kg/ha) and CP content (61.67 g/kg) were recorded at grape harvest. The potassium, calcium and iron contents ranged from 2.11-2.15, 3.86-3.92 and 0.036-0.038 g/kg respectively at all stages. The leaves plus summer lateral shoots of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc and Sémillon grapevine cultivars can be beneficially fed to sheep, goats and cattle in some viticultural regions of Turkey and other parts of the world.Tradicionalmente, la poda anual de las vides (Vitis vinifera L.) produce residuos de brotes y hojas que sirven de alimento para las ovejas y cabras. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los valores forrajeros y nutritivos de hojas de vides y brotes laterales de verano en el momento de la cosecha y después de la cosecha. Los cultivares estudiados fueron Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc y Sémillon, todos injertados en portainjertos 5BB. Se arrancaron simultáneamente hojas y brotes laterales de todos los cultivares en tres fechas: recolección de uva, y 15 y 30 días tras la cosecha. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre cultivares, en ninguna de las tres fechas de muestreo, en las medias de los contenidos en proteína cruda (CP) (45,44-46,33 g/kg), fibra cruda (CF) (37,12-37,50%), fibra detergente neutra (FDN) (324,63-324,87 g/kg), fibra detergente ácida (FDA) (247,44-249,44 g/kg), potasio (2,11-2,14 g/kg), calcio (3,85-3,95 g/kg) o hierro (0,037-0,038 g/kg). Los mayores rendimientos de materia fresca (1.765,33 kg/ha) y materia seca (DM) (610,67 kg/ha) se obtuvieron con Sauvignon Blanc. Los rendimientos en materia fresca, DM, CP, CF, FDN y FDA difirieron significativamente en todas las fechas de muestreo. Los contenidos máximos de materia fresca (1.925,33 kg/ha), DM (634,67 kg/ha) y CP (61,67 g/kg) se registraron en el momento de la recolección de la uva. Los contenidos en potasio, calcio y hierro variaron entre 2,11-2,15, 3,86-3,92 y 0,036-0,038 g/kg respectivamente en todos los muestreos. Las hojas y brotes laterales de verano de Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc y Sémillon pueden ser beneficiosas en la alimentación del ganado en algunas regiones vitícolas de Turquía y otras partes del mundo

Forage and nutritive value of the pruning residues (leaves plus summer lateral shoots) of four grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars at grape harvest and two post-harvest dates

The annual pruning of vineyards produces shoot and leaf residues that have traditionally been fed to sheep and goats. The aim of this work was to determine the forage and nutritive values of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves plus summer lateral shoots at grape harvest and two post-harvest dates. The study cultivars were Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc and Sémillon, all grafted onto 5BB rootstocks. The leaves and summer lateral shoots were removed at the same time from each cultivar at three dates: grape harvest, 15 days post-harvest, and 30 days postharvest. No significant differences were seen between the cultivars in terms of their mean crude protein (CP) (45.44- 46.33 g kg-1), crude fibre (CF) (37.12-37.50%), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (324.63-324.87 g kg-1), acid detergent fibre (ADF) (247.44-249.44 g kg-1), potassium (2.11-2.14 g kg-1), calcium (3.85-3.95 g kg-1) or iron (0.037-0.038 g kg-1) contents at any of the three sampling dates. The highest fresh matter (1,765.33 kg ha-1) and dry matter (DM) yields (610.67 kg ha-1) were obtained from Sauvignon Blanc. The fresh matter yield, DM yield, CP, CF, NDF and ADF contents on the different sampling dates all differed significantly. The maximum fresh matter yield (1,925.33 kg ha-1), DM yield (634.67 kg ha-1) and CP content (61.67 g kg-1) were recorded at grape harvest. The potassium, calcium and iron contents ranged from 2.11-2.15, 3.86-3.92 and 0.036-0.038 g kg-1 respectively at all stages. The leaves plus summer lateral shoots of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc and Sémillon grapevine cultivars can be beneficially fed to sheep, goats and cattle in some viticultural regions of Turkey and other parts of the world.Tradicionalmente, la poda anual de las vides (Vitis vinifera L.) produce residuos de brotes y hojas que sirven de alimento para las ovejas y cabras. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los valores forrajeros y nutritivos de hojas de vides y brotes laterales de verano en el momento de la cosecha y después de la cosecha. Los cultivares estudiados fueron Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc y Sémillon, todos injertados en portainjertos 5BB. Se arrancaron simultánemente hojas y brotes laterales de todos los cultivares en tres fechas: recolección de uva, y 15 y 30 días tras la cosecha. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre cultivares, en ninguna de las tres fechas de muestreo, en las medias de los contenidos en proteína cruda (CP) (45,44-46,33 g kg-1), fibra cruda (CF) (37,12-37,50%), fibra detergente neutra (FDN) (324,63-324,87 g kg-1), fibra detergente ácida (FDA) (247,44-249,44 g kg-1), potasio (2,11-2,14 g kg-1), calcio (3,85-3,95 g kg-1) o hierro (0,037-0,038 g kg-1). Los mayores rendimientos de materia fresca (1.765,33 kg ha-1) y materia seca (DM) (610,67 kg ha-1) se obtuvieron con Sauvignon Blanc. Los rendimientos en materia fresca, DM, CP, CF, FDN y FDA difirieron significativamente en todas las fechas de muestreo. Los contenidos máximos de materia fresca (1.925,33 kg ha-1), DM (634,67 kg ha-1) y CP (61,67 g kg-1) se registraron en el momento de la recolección de la uva. Los contenidos en potasio, calcio y hierro variaron entre 2,11-2,15, 3,86-3,92 y 0,036-0,038 g kg-1 respectivamente en todos los muestreos. Las hojas y brotes laterales de verano de Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc y Sémillon pueden ser beneficiosas en la alimentación del ganado en algunas regiones vitícolas de Turquía y otras partes del mundo

Pflanzenentwicklung und bioaktive Substanzen bei der kernlosen Tafeltraubensorte ‘Recel Uzümü’ (V. vinifera L.) in Abhängigkeit von Dosierung und Zeitpunkt der Applikation von Thidiazuron

The purpose of this research was to appreciate the impact of the synthetic cytokinin, well known as thidiazuron (TDZ) on seedless berry quality of cv. 'Recel Uzumu'. Three concentration levels including 0, 5 and 10 mg/L were applied on the grapevines during different phenological stages of grapevine such as Time 1: beginning of berry stetting, Time 2: berries pepper corn size and Time 3: berries pea size. While TDZ application times had no impacts on cultivar characteristics, it was determined that the application doses of TDZ had major impacts on yield and quality components of cv. 'Recel Uzumu'. Consequently, ascending TDZ doses increased berry and cluster size and led to decreases in total soluble solids content, total phenolic compound content, total anthocyanin content and p-value of grape juice regardless of TDZ application time. The most effective TDZ dose was 10 ppm for improving berry and cluster size in cv. 'Recel Uzumu'

Simulating the impact of climate change (elevated CO2 and temperature, and water deficit) on the growth of red and white Tempranillo grapevine in three consecutive growing seasons (2013–2015)

11 Pags.- 4 Tabls.- 6 Figs.In recent decades, agricultural production is being affected by a sharp increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Due to the greenhouse effect gases, crops are impacted by enhanced temperatures and concomitantly by increased scarce water availability. All arid and semiarid areas, including Mediterranean viticulture, must face these three climate change-related factors: atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature increases, and scarce water for irrigation. Scarce water is a problem even in irrigated viticulture, as irrigation is becoming more and more restricted. Within this context, the aim of this work was to investigate grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. red and white Tempranillo) vegetative and reproductive growth. Fruit-bearing cuttings were grown under elevated CO2 (around 700 μmol mol−1 or ppm, versus 400), high temperature (ambient temperature + 4 °C, versus ambient) and water deficit (cyclic drought, versus full irrigated) in temperature gradient greenhouses for three consecutive growing seasons (years 2013, 2014 and 2015). Climate change impacted markedly vegetative growth. Within the abovementioned factors, vegetative growth (total vegetative mass) was significantly reduced by drought (consistent the three years) and was associated to a low substrate water status and low leaf stomatal conductance. Elevated CO2 stimulated total vegetative mass, whereas leaf area was not affected. When plants were grown under elevated CO2, the largest increases were observed in leaf (white) and root (red) growth. In these experiments, elevated CO2 did not compensate the negative effects of water stress. An increase of the mean temperature 4 °C had no consequences on vegetative growth. Yield and yield-related traits were unaffected by the climate change scenario.Authors acknowledge Innovine European project (N° 311775), Aragón Government (A03 group) and “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” of Spain (MCINN AGL2014-56075-C2-1-R) for funding and “Asociación de Amigos de la Universidad de Navarra” for T. Kizildeniz grant.Peer reviewe