Kondisi Sosial Eonomi Petani Karet Desa Kembang Tanjung Lampung Utara Tahun 2016

The research aims to display the socio-economic condition of rubber farmers at Kembang Tanjung Village, South Abung Subdisctrict, North Lampung in 2016. Data were collecting through observation, questionnaire, and documentation. The results of the research showed that 1) Rubber farmers are mostly low-educated. Generally, the rubber farmers levels of formal education were Elementary (equally) 50 people (62.05%), (2) The average field width is 1.09 ha/each family, (3) Their average yearly income is Rp. 3,355,000/family to purchase fertilizer, medicines, and workers wage, (4) Average yearly production of each farmer is 4,007 kg/family, (5) Average yearly income of rubber farmers is Rp. 12,000,000/family, (6) The average number of rubber farmers children are 3 children, and (7) The minimum level of basic needs fulfillment of rubber farmers is 3.072.800/year.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Petani Karet di Desa Kembang Tanjung Kecamatan Abung Selatan Kabupaten Lampung Utara Tahun 2016. Pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, kuesioner, dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Petani karet berpendidikan rendah sebanyak 50 orang 62,05%, (2) Luas lahan petani karet rata-rata 1,09 ha/kk, (3) Rata-rata biaya sebesar Rp 3.355.000/tahun/KK. Biaya tersebut digunakan untuk pembelian pupuk, asam semut, obat-obatan dan upah tenaga kerja, (4) Rata-rata produksi yang diperoleh setiap petani 4.007 kg/KK, (5) Rata-rata pendapatan Rp 12.000.000/tahun/KK yang diperoleh setiap petani karet, (6) Jumlah anak yang dimiliki kepala keluarga petani karet dengan rata-rata 3 anak, dan (7) Tingkat pemenuhan kebutuhan pokok minimum petani karet yaitu Rp 3.072.800/tahun

New exact solutions of stokes' second problem for an MHD second grade fluid in a porous space

We investigate a problem describing the oscillating flow of an incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) second grade fluid in a porous half space. Exact solutions for sine and cosine oscillations are developed by applying the Laplace transform method. The total obtained solution is a sum of steady and transient solutions. Particular attention is given to the effects of magnetic and porous medium parameters on the velocity. It is shown that previous results for a non-porous medium and hydrodynamic fluid are the limiting cases of the present problem. The results for velocity are plotted and discussed carefully

Numerical Study for MHD Stagnation-Point Flow of a Micropolar Nanofluid Towards a Stretching Sheet

In this paper, we investigated the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation-point flow of micropolar nanofluid over a stretching sheet. A uniform magnetic field is applied normal to the flow. Nonlinear micropolar nanofluid problem in the presence of the strong concentration of microelements is modeled and then solved by numerical techniques. A parametric study of the involved parameters in the presence of spin gradient viscosity is conducted, and representative set of numerical results is illustrated in the graphical and tabular forms. The complete formulation of the Keller-box method for the considered flow problem is given, and a comparison of the obtained results is performed with the previous published results. The comparison shows that our present results have an excellent match with the previous results in a limiting case. We found that the non-dimensional temperature and its associated thermal boundary layer thickness are enhanced when we use the larger values of thermophoresis and Brownian motion parameter. The non-dimensional concentration is higher for larger thermophoresis parameter but smaller for higher Brownian motion parameter. It is also observed that the smaller values of Lewis number correspond to higher non-dimensional concentration and its associated boundary layer thickness

Challenges in Abdominal Organ Transplantation During the COVID-19 Pandemic

© Copyright © 2020 Esagian, Ziogas, Giannis, Hayat, Elias and Tsoulfas. As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has rapidly evolved into a global pandemic, abdominal organ transplantation programs are currently facing multiple challenges. Transplant candidates and recipients are considered high-risk populations for severe disease and death due to COVID-19 as a result of their numerous underlying comorbidities, advanced age and impaired immune function. Emerging reports of atypical and delayed clinical presentations in these patients generate further concerns for widespread disease transmission to medical personnel and the community. The striking similarities between COVID-19 and other outbreaks that took place over the past two decades, like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, highlight the severity of the situation and dictate that extra measures should be taken by the transplant programs to avoid adverse outcomes. Transplant organizations are currently calling for strict screening and isolation protocols to be established in all transplant programs, for both organ donors and recipients. As the situation escalates, more radical measures might be necessary, including a temporary hold on non-urgent transplantations, resulting in serious ethical dilemmas between the survival of these patients and the safety of the community. Further data about these special populations could result in more individualized guidelines for abdominal organ transplantation in the era of COVID-19

The Urgency of Restorative Justice on Medical Dispute Resolution in Indonesia

Medical disputes in Indonesia are regulated by a host of laws. However, the important question that needs to be asked is whether the laws have guaranteed justice for patients and doctors. This normative legal study aims to analyze the urgency of restorative justice in medical disputes. It examines secondary data which is collected through a literature study. The study focuses on legal principles with a doctrinal approach. It concludes that restorative justice is urgent to use in medical disputes for both criminal and civil cases. This is evident in the will of the Health Law which prioritizes mediation as the first mechanism before being brought to trial. Furthermore, the use of restorative justice in medical dispute resolution is driven by the presence of three conditions: First is structural challenges among law enforcers and their limited capabilities in dealing with complex medical cases; Second is the condition of Indonesian correctional institutions which is overburdened and unable to provide maximum output, and the third is the relatively low number of Indonesian health workers. (Sengketa Medis di Indonesia telah diatur dalam beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan. Namun, pertanyaan penting yang perlu diajukan yaitu apakah peraturan yang ada telah menjamin kedilan bagi pasien dan dokter. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis urgensi prinsip keadilan restoratif dalam penyelesaian sengketa medis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang mengkaji data sekunder. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka (library research), yaitu kegiatan pengumpulan data yang berasal dari berbagai literatur. Penelitian ini fokus pada asas-asas hukum dengan pendekatan dokrinal. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa prinsip keadilan restoratif penting diterapkan dalam kasus medis, pidana, maupun perdata. Ini misalnya dapat dilihat dari i’tikad baik dalam Hukum Kesehatan yang mempriorotaskan mediasi sebagai mekanisme pertama sebelum dibawa ke pengadilan. Dalam konteks sengketa medis, prinsip keadilan restoratif menjadi urgen untuk diterapkan sedikitnya karena tiga hal; pertama adalah tantangan struktural di kalangan para penegak hukum serta kemampuan mereka yang terbatas dalam menghadapi kasus medis yang biasanya kompleks. Kedua, kondisi lembaga pemasyarakatan Indonesia yang over kapastias sehingga tidak mampu memberikan output yang maksimal; dan ketiga adalah jumlah tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia yang relatif rendah.Medical dispute in Indonesia has been regulated in several laws and regulations. However, the important question that need to be asked is whether the regulations have guaranteed the value of justice for patients and doctors. This study aims to analyze the implementation of restorative justice in medical disputes resolution. This study concludes that restorative justice can be utilized in both medical cases criminal and civil. This is evident in the will of the Health Law, which prioritizes mediation as the first mechanism before being brought to trial. Furthermore, the use of restorative justice in medical dispute resolution is driven by the presence of three conditions: (1) Law enforcement (investigators) face structural challenges and limited capabilities when dealing with complex medical cases; (2) the condition of Indonesian correctional institutions is overburdened and unable to provide maximum output; and (3) the number of health workers in Indonesia is relatively low

Pengujian Transceiver TLP434 Bermodulasi ASK 433 MHz Untuk Komunikasi Data UART Nirkabel Antar Mikrokontroler ATMega328

Penelitian ini menguji kemampuan transceiver untuk komunikasi antar mikrokontroler Atmel ATMega328 melalui jalur Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART). Modulasi yang digunakan adalah Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) dengan frekuensi pembawa 433 Mega Hertz (MHz). Pengujian dimulai dengan uji respon Perubahan tegangan dan waktu tunda berupa gelombang persegi dengan frekuensi 20 Kilo Hertz (KHz). Sinyal yang diterima oleh reciver berubah menjadi gelombang segitiga dengan adanya pergeseran waktu. Frekuensi pengiriman diturunkan sedikit-demi sedikit hingga gelombang yang diterima receiver terbentuk gelombang kotak pada frekuensi 17,1 KHz. Ditemukan adanya waktu yang diperlukan oleh penerima untuk mempertahankan kondisi, dengan amplitude yang berbeda dari dari tegangan puncak penerima. Dari hasil pengujian tersebut, dapat dihitung perkiraan kecepatan data (baud rate) yang mampu ditangani oleh transceiver. Pengujian dilanjutkan dengan mengirimkan data dengan kecepatan Baud rate standard mulai dari 28800 bps. Dihasilkan bahwa data diterima sama dengan data yang dikirim pada kecepatan tersebut. Pengiriman data yang dilakukan dalam jangka waktu 1 jam tidak ditemukan error. Saat baud rate ditingkatkan menjadi 38400 bps, data yang diterima tidak sama dengan dengan data yang dikirim

Strategi Evaluasi Program Praktikum Fisika Dasar

Lab work is one of the ways taken not only to clarify the subject that have been taught but also to coached students to apply scientific methods in solving problems. In order to ensure the quality of practical implementation requires accurate data-based information support, a gradual evaluation system is needed to help make the right decisions in every action throughout the program. The evaluation approach used is the CIPP (context, input, process, and product). Data collection is through interviews, questionnaires and direct observation, The data collected at each stage of the evaluation were analyzed qualitatively with the description

Kondisi Sosial Eonomi Petani Karet Desa Kembang Tanjung Lampung Utara Tahun 2016

The research aims to display the socio-economic condition of rubber farmers at Kembang Tanjung Village, South Abung Subdisctrict, North Lampung in 2016. Data were collecting through observation, questionnaire, and documentation. The results of the research showed that 1) Rubber farmers are mostly low-educated. Generally, the rubber farmers levels of formal education were Elementary (equally) 50 people (62.05%), (2) The average field width is 1.09 ha/each family, (3) Their average yearly income is Rp. 3,355,000/family to purchase fertilizer, medicines, and workers wage, (4) Average yearly production of each farmer is 4,007 kg/family, (5) Average yearly income of rubber farmers is Rp. 12,000,000/family, (6) The average number of rubber farmers children are 3 children, and (7) The minimum level of basic needs fulfillment of rubber farmers is 3.072.800/year.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Petani Karet di Desa Kembang Tanjung Kecamatan Abung Selatan Kabupaten Lampung Utara Tahun 2016. Pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, kuesioner, dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Petani karet berpendidikan rendah sebanyak 50 orang 62,05%, (2) Luas lahan petani karet rata-rata 1,09 ha/kk, (3) Rata-rata biaya sebesar Rp 3.355.000/tahun/KK. Biaya tersebut digunakan untuk pembelian pupuk, asam semut, obat-obatan dan upah tenaga kerja, (4) Rata-rata produksi yang diperoleh setiap petani 4.007 kg/KK, (5) Rata-rata pendapatan Rp 12.000.000/tahun/KK yang diperoleh setiap petani karet, (6) Jumlah anak yang dimiliki kepala keluarga petani karet dengan rata-rata 3 anak, dan (7) Tingkat pemenuhan kebutuhan pokok minimum petani karet yaitu Rp 3.072.800/tahun.Kata kunci: kondisi sosial, petani karet, sosial ekonom

Host stage preference and parasitism behaviour of Aenasius bambawaleian an encyrtid parasitoid of Phenacoccus solenopsis

In Pakistan, the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Sternorrhyncha (Homoptera): Pseudococcidae), is a serious pest of many cultivated plants. A parasitoid, Aenasius bambawalei Hayat (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), is associated with P. solenopsis. In order to mass rear A. bambawalei for a biological control program, it is important to investigate the parasitoid’s host stage preference and its parasitism behavior for P. solenopsis in order to optimize production. The present tudy showed that under both choice and no choice conditions, the parasitoid preferred 3rd instar and pre-reproductive host stage mealybugs for parasitism. Parasitoid larva developing inside the host exhibited a greater longevity, shorter developmental period and longer body size in these preferred host stages. Our study also confirmed that A. bambawalei showed no attraction to male mealybugs and no host feeding on any host stage was recorded. The ability of the parasitoid to effectively discriminate between suitable and non-suitable stages means that it is feasible to rear it on a mixed population