Aplasia Cutis Congenita of the Scalp with Sagittal Venous Sinus Exposure

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effect of chronic exposure to aluminium on isoform expression and activity of rat (Na+/K+)ATPase

The ability of aluminum to inhibit the (Na+/K+)ATPase activity has been observed by several investigators. The (Na+/K+)ATPase is characterized by a complex molecular heterogeneity that results from the expression and differential association of multiple isoforms of both catalytic (alpha) and regulatory (beta) subunits. For instance, three main alpha (alpha(1), alpha(2) and alpha(3)) and three beta (beta(1), beta(2) and beta(3)) subunit isoforms exist in vertebrate nervous tissue, whereas only alpha(1) and beta(1) have been identified in kidney. However, no studies have focused on determining the change in (Na+/K+)ATPase isoforms caused by chronic exposure to aluminum and its relation with aluminum toxicity. In this study, adult male Wistar rats were submitted to chronic dietary AlCl3 exposure (0.03 g/day of AlCl3 for 4 months), and the activity and protein expression of (Na+/K+)ATPase isozymes were studied in brain cortex synaptosomes and in kidney homogenates. The intracellular levels of adenine nucleotides, plasma membrane integrity, and aluminum accumulation were also studied in brain synaptosomes. Aluminum accumulation upon chronic dietary AlCl3 administration significantly decreased the (Na+/K+)ATPase activity measured in the presence of nonlimiting Mg-ATP concentrations, without compromising protein expression of alpha-subunit isoforms in brain and kidney. Aluminum-induced synaptosomal (Na+/K+)ATPase inhibition was due to a reduction in the activity of isozymes containing alpha(1)-alpha(2) and alpha(3)-subunits. The onset of enzyme inhibition was accompanied by a decrease of the (Na+/K+)ATPase sensitivity to submicromolar concentrations of ouabain, and it preceded major damage in plasma membrane integrity and energy supply, as revealed by the analysis of lactate dehydrogenase leakage and endogenous adenine nucleotides. The data suggest that, during chronic dietary exposure to AlCl3, brain (Na+/K+)ATPase activity drops, even if no significant alterations of catalytic subunit protein expression, cellular energy depletion, and changes in cell membrane integrity are observed. Implications regarding underlying mechanisms of aluminum neurotoxicity are discussed.FCTPOCTI/BSE/46721/2002BD/21343/9

Biochemical mechanisms implemented by human acute myeloid leukemia cells to suppress host immune surveillance

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a blood/bone marrow cancer originating from myeloid cell precusors capable of self-renewing. AML cells implement biochemical mechanisms which allow them not only to survive, but also to successfully escape immune surveillance. ln this work, we discuss crucial molecular mechanisms used by human AML cells in order to evade immune attack

Avaliação de silagens de treze genótipos de sorgo. 1. Matéria seca, perdas de matéria seca, carboidratos solúveis e pH.

Treze genotipos de sorgo foram agrupados pela suculencia de seus colmos e apresentaram niveis de materia seca (MS) variando entre 24,54 e 34,27%, para o material original, e de 23,11 a 36,12% para suas silagens. Diferencas significativas foram observadas entre genotipos quando comparados os niveis de carboidratos soluveis (CS) nas amostras originais, sendo que estes oscilaram de 2,20 a 17,22%. Ja os valores medios obtidos para pH das silagens variaram de 3,52 a 4,34. A avaliacao de qualidade final das silagens permitiu classifica-las como sendo de boa qualidade

Ten Quick Tips for Harnessing the Power of ChatGPT/GPT-4 in Computational Biology

The rise of advanced chatbots, such as ChatGPT, has sparked curiosity in the scientific community. ChatGPT is a general-purpose chatbot powered by large language models (LLMs) GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, with the potential to impact numerous fields, including computational biology. In this article, we offer ten tips based on our experience with ChatGPT to assist computational biologists in optimizing their workflows. We have collected relevant prompts and reviewed the nascent literature in the field, compiling tips we project to remain pertinent for future ChatGPT and LLM iterations, ranging from code refactoring to scientific writing to prompt engineering. We hope our work will help bioinformaticians to complement their workflows while staying aware of the various implications of using this technology. Additionally, to track new and creative applications for bioinformatics tools such as ChatGPT, we have established a GitHub repository at https://github.com/csbl-br/awesome-compbio-chatgpt. Our belief is that ethical adherence to ChatGPT and other LLMs will increase the efficiency of computational biologists, ultimately advancing the pace of scientific discovery in the life sciences.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figur

Umidade volumétrica do solo medida e estimada pelo modelo DSSAT/CROPGRO em cultivo de soja.

A agricultura no Brasil apresenta uma elevada demanda hídrica, necessitando de pesquisas nesse segmento. Quantificar a umidade do solo tem grande importância no manejo da irrigação e consequentemente na otimização dos recursos hídricos. A mensuração desta variável pode ser realizada através da modelagem de sistemas agrícolas. Objetivando estudar a dinâmica da água no solo realizou-se um experimento em área de pesquisa, em uma lavoura de soja. Uma estação meteorológica foi instalada na área experimental para a coleta de dados de entrada para a simulação do teor de água através do módulo Soil Water Balance (SWBM) do Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer para um modelo genérico de cultivo (DSSAT/CROPGRO). A curva de simulação obtida pela modelagem foi correlacionada com dados medidos pelo sensor GS3 Decagon nas profundidades de 0,2 m e 0,5 m. As entradas e saídas de água do sistema foram a precipitação e evapotranspiração diária, pelo método da Razão de Bowen. O modelo mostrou uma precisão mediana e boa acurácia para as duas profundidades investigadas

Preliminary evaluation of coffee crops under different doses of nitrogen with a spad meter and leaf nitrogen.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to establish correlations among the total N and the SPAD read- ings in Coffea arabica leaves. This study is part of a project that aims to evaluate the agronomic and environmental efficiency of nitrate-based fertilizers compared to conventional nitrogen fertilizers used in the cultivation of coffee

Charge-transfer metal-insulator transitions in the spin-one-half Falicov-Kimball model

The spin-one-half Falicov-Kimball model is solved exactly on an infinite-coordination-number Bethe lattice in the thermodynamic limit. This model is a paradigm for a charge-transfer metal-insulator transition where the occupancy of localized and delocalized electronic orbitals rapidly changes at the metal-insulator transition (rather than the character of the electronic states changing from insulating to metallic as in a Mott-Hubbard transition). The exact solution displays both continuous and discontinuous (first-order) transitions.Comment: 22 pages including 4 figures(eps), RevTe