The impact of home care nursing in puerpera dificulties

BACKGROUND: The birth of the first child forwards the new mother to an individual, family and social reset in order to deal with self-caring and parenting skills. Many women in postpartum period report having to deal often with new doubts and/or problems. OBJECTIVE: Identify the main difficulties reported by mothers during puerperium time. Compare those mentioned difficulties, between control group and study group. METHODS: Quasi-experimental design - Control group and study group with 200 primiparous women (100 women in each group). Participants in the study group were submited to at least two home visits during the postpartum period. RESULTS: Chi-square test revealed statistically significant differences between groups, for participants who did not report difficulties (p=0.021). A larger number of mothers in the experimental group did not mention difficulties (38%), compared to those belonging to the control group (23%). The three main difficulties were found: Understanding child's cry - 53% in the control group and 45% in study group; Child feeding - 29% in the control group and 21% in study group; “Psychological changes” are referred by both groups in thirdly. Chi-square test shows differences between groups in this variable (p=0.037) - Control group 27% and study group 15%. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation demonstrated the relationship between home visit and expressed difficulties: a higher number of participants followed during puerperium did not mention difficulties. For those who mentioned difficulties also the groups show different regarding the difficulty in dealing with the psychological changes. More mothers from control group mentioned this problem

Identification of the Misconception Levels of Students in Several Public Senior High School in Jember on Straight Motion Material Through Graphical Representation Approach and CRI

Misconception is one of the problems faced by many students in learning physics. Misconception is a deviation from the actual concept and can be said to be an understanding of the wrong concept so that it is contrary to the concept set by the experts. Almost all materials in physics learning do misconception, one material that is considered necessary is straight motion. This research aims to identify the level of students' misconception in solving straight motion problems through a graphical representation approach and CRI (Certainty of Response Index). The method used is descriptive qualitative analysis. The research subjects were students of class X IPA in several SHS in Jember. Data collection is done by observation, test, and interviews. The results of data analysis showed that the average percentage of misconceptions of class X students of several SHS in Jember on straight motion materials through a graphical representation approach and CRI was 35.05%. This shows that the level of misconceptions is in the medium category. It is hoped that the teacher can analyze the initial conception to students so that misconceptions can be overcome immediatel

Efectivitat de les polítiques temporals per reduir el consum de gasolina

A finals de febrer de 2011, el govern va anunciar un conjunt de mesures encaminades a reduir el consum de gasolina. Les seves previsions eren que aquest caigués en un 15%. Un estudi a partir d'informació públicament disponible ha detectat que aquestes mesures (reducció dels preus dels trens de rodalies, límits més estrictes de velocitat i inclusió de biofuel en el carburant) van obtenir un efecte inferior al previst pel govern a causa del seu caràcter temporal.A finales de febrero de 2011, el gobierno anunció un conjunto de medidas encaminadas a reducir el consumo de gasolina. Sus previsiones eran que éste cayera en un 15%. Un estudio a partir de información públicamente disponible ha detectado que dichas medidas (reducción de los precios de los trenes de cercanías, límites más estrictos de velocidad e inclusión de biofuel en el carburante) obtuvieron un efecto inferior al previsto por el gobierno debido a su carácter temporal.In late February 2011, the government announced a set of measures to reduce fuel consumption. His forecast was that it fell by 15%. A study based on publicly available information detected that these measures (reduction of prices of train tickets, stricter speed limits and inclusion of biofuel) had a lower effect than those predicted by the government due to their temporary character

Emerging organic contaminants in aquatic environments: state-of-the-art and recent scientific contributions

Els contaminants emergents són contaminants prèviament desconeguts o no reconeguts com a tals, la presència dels quals en el medi ambient no és necessàriament nova, però sí la preocupació pels possibles efectes perillosos sobre la salut humana i la dels ecosistemes. A causa de llur recent descobriment o reconeixement com a contaminants, la informació que se'n disposa sobre la presència, el destí i la toxicitat en ambients aquàtics, i sobre els mètodes analítics per a detectar- los en diverses matrius ambientals és escassa. En els darrers anys, el grup liderat pel professor d'investigació Damià Barceló Cullerès ha participat intensament en l'estudi de nombroses classes de contaminants emergents (estrògens, fàrmacs, drogues, nanopartícules, plaguicides polars, etc.). Aquest article repassa les contribucions més recents fetes pel grup en aquest camp dels contaminants emergents en les línies de desenvolupament de mètodes analítics, programes de vigilància ambiental i estudis de biodisponibilitat, degradació i toxicitat.Emerging contaminants are previously unknown or unrecognized contaminants whose presence in the environment is not necessarily new but which raise concern due to their potentially dangerous effects on the ecosystem and on human health. Due to their recent discovery or recognition as contaminants, information about the occurrence, fate, and toxicity of these compounds in the aquatic environment, as well as analytical methods for their detection in various environmental matrices, is scarce. We have intensively studied many of these classes of emerging contaminants (estrogens, pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, nanoparticles, polar pesticides, etc.). This article reviews the most recent contributions made by our group to the field of emerging contaminants with respect to the development of analytical methods, monitoring studies, and bioavailability, degradation, and toxicity studies

Geo-imagery management and statistical processing in a regional context using Open Data Cube

We propose a methodology to manage and process remote sensing and geo-imagery data for non-expert users. The proposed system provides automated data ingestion and manipulation capability for analytical data-driven purposes. In this paper, we describe the technological basis of the proposed method in addition to describing the tool architecture, the inherent data flow, and its operation in a specific use case to provide statistical summaries of Sentinel-2 regions of interest corresponding to the cultivation of polygonal areas located in the Basque Country (ES).Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Published in 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARS

How effective are policies to reduce gasoline consumption? Evaluating a quasi-natural experiment in Spain

Using a panel of 48 provinces for four years we empirically analyze a series of temporary policies aimed at curbing fuel consumption implemented in Spain between March and June 2011. The first policy was a reduction in the speed limit in highways. The second policy was an increase in the biofuel content of fuels used in the transport sector. The third measure was a reduction of 5% in commuting and regional train fares that resulted in two major metropolitan areas reducing their overall fare for public transit. The results indicate that the speed limit reduction in highways reduced gasoline consumption by between 2% and 3%, while an increase in the biofuel content of gasoline increased this consumption. This last result is consistent with experimental evidence that indicates that mileage per liter falls with an increase in the biofuel content in gasolines. As for the reduction in transit fares, we do not find a significant effect for this policy. However, in specifications including the urban transit faré for the major cities in each province the estimated cross-price elasticity of the demand for gasoline -used as a proxy for car use- with respect to the price of transit is within the range reported in the literature. This is important since one of the main efficiency justification for subsidizing public transit rests on the positive value of this parameter and most of the estimates reported in the literature are quite dated

Caseinolytic activity of fruit extract from Opuntia ficus-indica on bovine, caprine, and ovine Sodium Caseinates

The rates and extents of hydrolysis of RS- and â-caseins from bovine, caprine, and ovine sodium caseinates produced by an enzymatic extract of the fruit of Opuntia ficusindica, (L.) Miller were evaluated and compared with those produced by a commercial animal rennet. A mechanistic model based on a pseudo-first-order enzymatic reaction, in the presence of first-order deactivation of the enzyme, was postulated and successfully fitted to the experimental data. The animal rennet exhibited higher enzymatic efficiency than the fruit extract, irrespective of the source (i.e., bovine, caprine, or ovine) and the type (i.e., RS- or â-casein) of substrate. The enzymatic efficiency (kcat/Km) for RS-casein ranged from 72 to 220 and from 43 to 65 L g-1 h-1, and for â-casein from 242 to 742 and from 55 to 164 L g-1 h-1, for the animal rennet and the enzymatic extract of O. ficus-indica, respectively. Finally, it was observed that â-casein from caprine and ovine caseinates was degraded by O. ficus-indica faster than its RS counterpart, but the reverse was observed for bovine caseinate

Commuters' valuation of travel time variability in Barcelona

The value given by commuters to the variability of travel times is empirically analysed using stated preference data from Barcelona (Spain). Respondents are asked to choose between alternatives that differ in terms of cost, average travel time, variability of travel times and departure time. Different specifications of a scheduling choice model are used to measure the influence of various socioeconomic characteristics. Our results show that travel time variability

How effective are policies to reduce gasoline consumption? evaluating a quasi-natural experiment in Spain

Using a panel of 48 provinces for four years we empirically analyze a series of temporary policies aimed at curbing fuel consumption implemented in Spain between March and June 2011. The first policy was a reduction in the speed limit in highways. The second policy was an increase in the biofuel content of fuels used in the transport sector. The third measure was a reduction of 5% in commuting and regional train fares that resulted in two major metropolitan areas reducing their overall fare for public transit. The results indicate that the speed limit reduction in highways reduced gasoline consumption by between 2% and 3%, while an increase in the biofuel content of gasoline increased this consumption. This last result is consistent with experimental evidence that indicates that mileage per liter falls with an increase in the biofuel content in gasolines. As for the reduction in transit fares, we do not find a significant effect for this policy. However, in specifications including the urban transit fare for the major cities in each province the estimated cross-price elasticity of the demand for gasoline -used as a proxy for car use- with respect to the price of transit is within the range reported in the literature. This is important since one of the main eficiency justification for subsidizing public transit rests on the positive value of this parameter and most of the estimates reported in the literature are quite dated

Efectos redistributivos de las subvenciones al transporte público en áreas urbanas

El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar los efectos redistributivos derivados de las subvenciones al transporte público tomando como unidad de análisis a las familias. La fuente de datos es la Encuesta de Presupuestos Familiares 1990-91. Dado que la subvención consiste en una cantidad fija por billete comprado, cabe postular que la subvención recibida es proporcional al gasto efectuado en transporte público. Por ello, se estima una relación entre gasto en transporte público y nivel de renta que permite calcular los efectos redistributivos. No obstante, para solventar el problema de falta de representatividad muestral de la EPF para determinados colectivos, el análisis utiliza una aproximación indirecta a través de la estimación de una función de gasto que discurre en dos fases. La primera es la decisión de gastar o no gastar, que se cuantifica a través de un modelo de elección discreta y, la segunda, evalúa la cantidad gastada por medio de una ecuación de regresión continua. Estas modelizaciones parciales se integran en un modelo cuasi recursivo que se simula conjuntamente y permite evaluar distintas situaciones hipotéticas para una familia tipo. La conclusión global es que las subvenciones al transporte -en ausencia de efectos adversos sobre la eficiencia- tienen efectos progresivos, dado que representan una mayor proporción de la renta para las decilas inferiores. Este efecto es más acentuado en las grandes ciudades de Madrid y Barcelona