Kondo effect in transport through molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces: from Fano dips to Kondo peaks

The Kondo effect observed in recent STM experiments on transport through CoPc and TBrPP-Co molecules adsorbed on Au(111) and Cu(111) surfaces, respectively, is discussed within the framework of a simple model (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 97}, 076806 (2006)). It is shown that, in the Kondo regime and by varying the adequate model parameters, it is possible to produce a crossover from a conductance Kondo peak (CoPc) to a conductance Fano dip (TBrPP-Co). In the case of TBrPP-Co/Cu(111) we show that the model reproduces the changes in the shape of the Fano dip, the raising of the Kondo temperature and shifting to higher energies of the dip minimum when the number of nearest neighbors molecules is lowered. These features are in line with experimental observations indicating that our simple model contains the essential physics underlying the transport properties of such complex molecules.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PR

Tibial Periosteum For The Surgical Perforation

Purpose: Report a successful case of scleral perforation repair, refractive to treatment with bank-scleral graft, using pretibial periosteum graft patch. Case Report: A patient who suffered a traumatic scleral perforation was treated unsuccessfully with bank-scleral patch graft. An autologous pretibial periosteal patch graft was then obtained and sutured to the scleral rupture with the osteogenic layer facing the sclera. The periosteum patch was covered by amniotic membrane and conjunctiva. Results: Early vascularization was observed in the first seven days postoperative. The autologous periosteal patch graft and conjunctiva remained stable over a follow-up period of 6 months. Conclusion: An autologous periosteal patch graft could be a good alternative after a non-successful bank-scleral patch repair of a scleral perforatio

Phenolic compounds reduce the fat content in caenorhabditis elegans by affecting lipogenesis, lipolysis, and different stress responses

Supplementation with bioactive compounds capable of regulating energy homeostasis is a promising strategy to manage obesity. Here, we have screened the ability of different phenolic compounds (myricetin, kaempferol, naringin, hesperidin, apigenin, luteolin, resveratrol, curcumin, and epicatechin) and phenolic acids (p-coumaric, ellagic, ferulic, gallic, and vanillic acids) regulating C. elegans fat accumulation. Resveratrol exhibited the strongest lipid-reducing activity, which was accompanied by the improvement of lifespan, oxidative stress, and aging, without affecting worm development. Whole-genome expression microarrays demonstrated that resveratrol affected fat mobilization, fatty acid metabolism, and unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum (UPRER), mimicking the response to calorie restriction. Apigenin induced the oxidative stress response and lipid mobilization, while vanillic acid affected the unfolded-protein response in ER. In summary, our data demonstrates that phenolic compounds exert a lipid-reducing activity in C. elegans through different biological processes and signaling pathways, including those related with lipid mobilization and fatty acid metabolism, oxidative stress, aging, and UPR-ER response. These findings open the door to the possibility of combining them in order to achieve complementary activity against obesity-related disorders

Alinhamento interpessoal, representacional e morfossintático na Gramática Discursivo-Funcional

Este artigo se debruça sobre o mapeamento entre os Níveis Interpessoal, Representacional e Morfossintático da gramática, o chamado alinhamento, segundo o arcabouço da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional (GDF). Propõe uma tipologia das línguas baseada no que a sua organização morfossintática codifica: distinções pragmáticas (p.ex. em Tagalo), distinções semânticas (p.ex. em Achém), ou distinções inerentes à morfossintaxe (p.ex. em Inglês, Basco ou a língua Kham). A inclusão tanto do Sujeito como do Objeto e de línguas tanto acusativas como ergativas no tratamento do alinhamento morfossintático permitiu-nos abranger tipos tipologicamente mais variáveis e demonstrar o potencial da GDF para a análise contrastiva das línguas.<br>Within the framework of Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG), alignment concerns the relations between the Interpersonal, Representational and Morphosyntactic Levels of grammar. This article proposes a typology of languages based upon what we find to be encoded in their morphosyntactic organization: pragmatic distinctions (as in Tagalog), semantic distinctions (as in Acheh), or distinctions inherent to the morphosyntax (as in English, Basque and Kham). By including both subject and object, and both accusative and ergative languages in our treatment of morphosyntactic alignment, we provide a better coverage of typological variation and show the potential of FDG for cross-linguistic analysis

Impact of acute consumption of beverages containing plant-based or alternative sweetener blends on postprandial appetite, food intake, metabolism, and gastro-intestinal symptoms: Results of the SWEET beverages trial

Project SWEET examined the barriers and facilitators to the use of non-nutritive sweeteners and sweetness enhancers (hereafter "S&SE") alongside potential risks/benefits for health and sustainability. The Beverages trial was a double-blind multi-centre, randomised crossover trial within SWEET evaluating the acute impact of three S&SE blends (plant-based and alternatives) vs. a sucrose control on glycaemic response, food intake, appetite sensations and safety after a carbohydrate-rich breakfast meal. The blends were: mogroside V and stevia RebM; stevia RebA and thaumatin; and sucralose and acesulfame-potassium (ace-K). At each 4 h visit, 60 healthy volunteers (53% male; all with overweight/obesity) consumed a 330 mL beverage with either an S&SE blend (0 kJ) or 8% sucrose (26 g, 442 kJ), shortly followed by a standardised breakfast (∼2600 or 1800 kJ with 77 or 51 g carbohydrates, depending on sex). All blends reduced the 2-h incremental area-under-the-curve (iAUC) for blood insulin (p 0.05 for all). Compared with sucrose, there was a 3% increase in LDL-cholesterol after stevia RebA-thaumatin (p < 0.001 in adjusted models); and a 2% decrease in HDL-cholesterol after sucralose-ace-K (p < 0.01). There was an impact of blend on fullness and desire to eat ratings (both p < 0.05) and sucralose-acesulfame K induced higher prospective intake vs sucrose (p < 0.001 in adjusted models), but changes were of a small magnitude and did not translate into energy intake differences over the next 24 h. Gastro-intestinal symptoms for all beverages were mostly mild. In general, responses to a carbohydrate-rich meal following consumption of S&SE blends with stevia or sucralose were similar to sucrose

Trabajo, empleo, calificaciones profesionales, relaciones de trabajo e identidades laborales. Vol. I

CLACSO ha apoyado desde sus inicios la constitución y desarrollo de grupos de reflexión centrados en la problemática del mundo del trabajo. Los temas abordados sucesivamente han sido el empleo y el desempleo, los movimientos laborales, las relaciones de trabajo, las condiciones y medio ambiente de trabajo. Las reuniones y seminarios se han desarrollado en las principales ciudades del continente: México DF, La Habana, Medellín, Santiago de Chile, Río de Janeiro, San Pablo, Buenos Aires y Montevideo. Los objetivos son facilitar los encuentros, el debate y las acciones de cooperación entre los especialistas mas reconocidos y con los jóvenes investigadores, becarios, maestrandos y doctorandos y nutrir una comunidad muy diversa, y pluralista de científicos sociales que no han cesado de crecer. Los grupos han reunido a destacados especialistas de la casi totalidad de países de la región, con una composición multidisciplinaria y pluralista que abarca a sociólogos del trabajo y de la educación, cientistas políticos, economístas del trabajo y del desarrollo, abogados laboralistas y psicólogos del trabajo, entre otras. Sus estudios han dado lugar a numerosas publicaciones editadas por CLACSO, la UAM, el PREALC de la OIT, el CEIL PIETTE del CONICET y Trabajo y Sociedad de Argentina, y forman parte de las bibliografías de aquellas disciplinas. Desde 2007 se constituyó el actual grupo "Trabajo, empleo, calificaciones profesionales, relaciones de trabajo e identidades laborales" con sede en la UNAM, sede Iztapalapa y en el CEIL-PIETTE del CONICET. Los dos volúmenes que ofrecemos a la comunidad académica y a los actores sociales contienen la mayoría de las ponencias presentadas en el Seminario de Buenos Aires, realizado en noviembre de 2007.INDICE Presentación del Grupo de Trabajo: Trabajo, empleo, calificaciones profesionales, relaciones de trabajo e identidades laborales Julio César Neffa y Enrique de la Garza Toledo 11 Presentación de la obra: Nuevos y viejos escenarios en el mundo laboral latinoamericano: distintas miradas para su estudio Leticia Muñiz Terra 15 Primera parte Dimensiones teóricas y metodológicas Diez tesis sobre el trabajo del presente (y el futuro del trabajo) Ricardo Antunes 29 Aportes a una teoría del cambio: gubernamentalidad, fuerzas productivas y praxis de sujetos colectivos en nueva época Alberto L. Bialakowsky, María Ignacia Costa y M. Mercedes Patrouilleau 45 um ensaio sobre inércia social Adalberto Cardoso 83 Hacia un concepto ampliado de trabajo Enrique de la Garza Toledo 111 Comentarios: Del trabajo esclavo a las nuevas formas de esclavitud en el trabajo Irene Vasilachis de Gialdino 141 Segunda parte Trabajo, identidad y subjetividad Cuando el trabajo informal es espacio para la construcción de identificaciones colectivas. Un estudio sobre ferias comerciales urbanas Mariana Busso 159 Construcción del sujeto de trabajo en la condición de precariedad Karina Arellano, Diego Baccarelli, Cecilia Dallacia, Lucía De Gennaro, Soraya Giradles y Emilio Sadier 193 Comentarios: Comentarios críticos de las ponencias presentadas en la Mesa Trabajo, identidad y subjetividad Juan Montes Cató 203 Tercera parte Educación, calificación profesional, productividad y salarios Fuentes de la valorización del capital: la relación entre productividad y salarios. Argentina 1993-2006 Javier Lindenboim, Juan M. Graña y Damián Kennedy 215 Demandas empresariales en las estrategias de formación de los ingenieros en dos zonas argentinas Marta Panaia 243 Saberes, intervenciones profesionales y clasificaciones profesionales: nuevos requerimientos a idóneos, técnicos e ingenieros Julio Testa; Claudia Figari y Martín Spinosa 275 Pautas de desigualdad en el mundo social productivo uruguayo. Aportes para el debate en torno a la gestión por competencias Mariela Quiñones Montoro 309 Cuarta parte La nueva dinámica empresarial. Innovación y flexibilización en la industria Trabajo de organización y cadenas de valor. El caso de la vestimenta uruguaya Marcos Supervielle y Emiliano Rojido 337 Potencialidades y limitaciones de sectores dinámicos de alto valor agregado: la industria aeroespacial en México, Jorge Carrillo y Alfredo Hualde 373 La industria del salmón en Chile: ¿crecimiento social o explotación laboral?, Antonio Aravena 397 Rasgos posfordistas en el paisaje laboral de la gran industria del Valle del Cauca colombiano Carlos Mejía Sanabria 42

Metabolic faecal fingerprinting of trans-resveratrol and quercetin following a high-fat sucrose dietary model using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry

Faecal non‐targeted metabolomics deciphers metabolic end‐products resulting from the interactions among food, host genetics, and gut microbiota. Faeces from Wistar rats fed a high‐fat sucrose (HFS) diet supplemented with trans‐resveratrol and quercetin (separately or combined) were analysed by liquid chromatography coupled to high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS). Metabolomics in faeces are categorised into four clusters based on the type of treatment. Tentative identification of significantly differing metabolites highlighted the presence of carbohydrate derivatives or conjugates (3‐phenylpropyl glucosinolate and dTDP‐D‐mycaminose) in quercetin group. The trans‐resveratrol group was differentiated by compounds related to nucleotides (uridine monophosphate and 2,4‐dioxotetrahydropyrimidine D‐ribonucleotide). Marked associations between bacterial species (Clostridium genus) and the amount of some metabolites were identified. Moreover, trans‐resveratrol and resveratrol‐derived microbial metabolites (dihydroresveratrol and lunularin) were also identified. Accordingly, this study confirms the usefulness of omics‐based techniques to discriminate individuals depending on the physiological effect of food constituents and represents an interesting tool to assess the impact of future personalized therapies

Impact of acute consumption of beverages containing plant-based or alternative sweetener blends on postprandial appetite, food intake, metabolism, and gastro-intestinal symptoms: Results of the SWEET beverages trial

Project SWEET examined the barriers and facilitators to the use of non-nutritive sweeteners and sweetness enhancers (hereafter “S&SE”) alongside potential risks/benefits for health and sustainability. The Beverages trial was a double-blind multi-centre, randomised crossover trial within SWEET evaluating the acute impact of three S&SE blends (plant-based and alternatives) vs. a sucrose control on glycaemic response, food intake, appetite sensations and safety after a carbohydrate-rich breakfast meal. The blends were: mogroside V and stevia RebM; stevia RebA and thaumatin; and sucralose and acesulfame-potassium (ace-K). At each 4 h visit, 60 healthy volunteers (53% male; all with overweight/obesity) consumed a 330 mL beverage with either an S&SE blend (0 kJ) or 8% sucrose (26 g, 442 kJ), shortly followed by a standardised breakfast (∼2600 or 1800 kJ with 77 or 51 g carbohydrates, depending on sex). All blends reduced the 2-h incremental area-under-the-curve (iAUC) for blood insulin (p 0.05 for all). Compared with sucrose, there was a 3% increase in LDL-cholesterol after stevia RebA-thaumatin (p < 0.001 in adjusted models); and a 2% decrease in HDL-cholesterol after sucralose-ace-K (p < 0.01). There was an impact of blend on fullness and desire to eat ratings (both p < 0.05) and sucralose-acesulfame K induced higher prospective intake vs sucrose (p < 0.001 in adjusted models), but changes were of a small magnitude and did not translate into energy intake differences over the next 24 h. Gastro-intestinal symptoms for all beverages were mostly mild. In general, responses to a carbohydrate-rich meal following consumption of S&SE blends with stevia or sucralose were similar to sucrose

Optimisation and modelling of supercritical CO2 extraction process of carotenoids from carrot peels

This work aimed to assess and optimise the extraction of carotenoids from carrot peels by supercritical CO2 (S-CO2), utilising ethanol as co-solvent. The evaluated variables were temperature, pressure and co-solvent concentration. According to the validated model, the optimal conditions for maximum mass yield (5.31%, d.b.) were found at 58.5 °C, 306 bar and 14.3% of ethanol, and at 59.0 °C, 349 bar and 15.5% ethanol for carotenoid recovery (86.1%). Kinetic experiments showed that 97% of the total extractable carotenoid content was recovered after only 30 min, whereas model fitting confirmed the fast extraction trend and desorbing nature of carotenoids from the sample matrix. The process is potentially scalable, as demonstrated by runs performed with a 10-fold initial sample size, which led to even higher recoveries (96.2%), indicating that S-CO2 can be as efficient as a conventional solvent extraction for recovering high value compounds from vegetable by-products

Phenolic compounds inhibit 3T3-L1 adipogenesis depending on the stage of differentiation and their binding affinity to PPAR gamma

Phenolic compounds might modulate adiposity. Here, we report our observation that polyphenols and phenolic acids inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 with different intensity depending on the family and the stage of differentiation. While quercetin and resveratrol inhibited lipid accumulation along the whole process of differentiation, apigenin and myricetin were active during the early and latest stages, but not intermediate, contrary to hesperidin. The activity of phenolic acids was limited to the early stages of the differentiation process, except p-coumaric and ellagic acids. This anti-adipogenic effect was accompanied by down-regulation of Scd1 and Lpl. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the inhibitory activity of these phenolic compounds over the early stages of adipogenesis exhibits a significant correlation (r = 0.7034; p = 0.005) with their binding affinity to the ligand-binding domain of PPAR¿. Results show that polyphenols and phenolic acids would interact with specific residues of the receptor, which could determine their potential anti-adipogenic activity during the early stages of the differentiation. Residues Phe264, His266, Ile281, Cys285 and Met348 are the most frequently involved in these interactions, which might suggest a crucial role for these amino acids modulating the activity of the receptor. These data contribute to elucidate the possible mechanisms of phenolic compounds in the control of adipogenesis